Deck 18: Sexual Images and Selling Sex

Question 1

In recent years, what is the approximate percentage of those arrested for possession of child pornography with images of children less than 3 years old?

A) 1%
B) 10%
C) 20%
D) 30%

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Feminists who align with the anticensorship movement are concerned that restrictions on pornography will lead to

A) censorship of feminist writings and writings on homosexuality issues.
B) government regulation of the private sexual behaviors individuals engage in.
C) higher levels of poverty as women employed in those industries will no longer have jobs.
D) increased child sexual abuse because people who previously used porn as their sexual outlet will turn to children.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

What was the controversy surrounding the 2011 J. Crew ad?

A) The ad featured the president of the company painting her son's toenails pink.
B) The ad featured drag queens cross-dressing and posing in J. Crew clothing.
C) The ad featured a woman whose breast was exposed in front of teenage boys.
D) The ad featured young teen males and females together in sexually suggestive poses.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Considering advertisers know that "sex sells," what is the purpose of their advertising methods?

A) To get your attention
B) To get you physiologically aroused
C) To get you to associate feelings of excitement with the product being advertised
D) All of these are correct.

Question 5

According to your text, what are two important factors in the past quarter-century that led to news organizations dealing more openly with human sexuality issues?

A) Reality TV shows and changes in sexual predator laws
B) Churches becoming more liberal and reality TV shows
C) Churches becoming more liberal and the Watergate scandal
D) The Bill Clinton/Monica Lewinsky affair and the AIDS epidemic

Question 6

The "typical" individual arrested for Internet-related possession of child pornography is

A) an unmarried Caucasian over 25 years old.
B) an unmarried African-American over 25 years old.
C) a married Caucasian over 35 years old.
D) an unmarried African-American over 40 years old.

Question 7

What statement best describes Catherine MacKinnon's argument about pornography?

A) It allows the society to become more open about sexual behaviors.
B) It has been liberating for female sexuality.
C) It should not be censored or regulated.
D) It cannot be understood separately from the history of male domination of women.

Question 8

In the United States, the courtroom definition of "obscenity" includes all of the following EXCEPT:

A) Appeal to prurient interest.
B) Lack of any serious value.
C) Offense to contemporary community standards.
D) Promotion of sexual harassment or violence.

Question 9

What is true related to the use of condoms in pornography?

A) Some states and production companies require the use of condoms when filming porn.
B) Some producers argue that viewers don't want to watch safe sex scenes in porn.
C) Some producers argue that scenes with condoms take too long to shoot.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 10

_______ typically has a specific purpose, whereas _______ is typically to portray sexuality for the sake of sexuality.

A) Fresco; pornography
B) Erotica; pornography
C) Pornography; obscenity
D) Pornography; erotica

Question 11

According to your text, what was an important influence on the early development of pornography?

A) Invention of the printing press
B) Development of reliable postal service
C) Increase in the worldwide literacy rates
D) Early production of photography and still movies

Question 12

The "Sex with Glass" app is intended to:

A) Allow users to watch themselves having sex through their partner's eyes.
B) Allow people to watch others having sex when connected to the same channel.
C) Allow users to access online pornography at any time in a discreet fashion as others would not be able to see what the person is viewing.
D) Allow people to have sex with a virtual image/computer.

Question 13

Why were the ancient erotic materials found in the ruins of Pompeii known to only a few for so many years?

A) Early discoverers of Pompeii hid the evidence.
B) The erotic visual images were largely symbolic.
C) They were lost when a ship carrying them sank at sea.
D) They were written about in a language only recently translated.

Question 14

When did the concept of pornography as a separate and distinct category emerge in the United States?

A) In the middle of the 16th century (the mid-1500s)
B) In the late 17th century (the later 1600s)
C) In the middle of the 18th century (the mid-1700s)
D) In the early 20th century (the early 1900s)

Question 15

In a study comparing advertisements from 1964 to 1984, what did the findings reveal?

A) The percentage of advertisements portraying sexuality significantly increased from 1964 to 1984.
B) The percentage of advertisements portraying images of men's sexuality increased from 1964 to 1984.
C) The percentage of advertisements portraying sexuality did not change from 1964 to 1984, but by 1984 sexual images were more visually explicit.
D) The percentage of advertisements portraying sexuality did not change from 1964 to 1984, but by 1984 sexual images were more subtle and indirect.

Question 16

Many movies are made into two or three versions. The least sexually explicit version is for release in _______, a more explicit copy is released in _______, and the third even more explicit version is released to DVD.

A) Europe, the United States
B) the United States, Japan
C) Japan, the United States
D) the United States, Europe

Question 17

What Constitutional Amendment would someone most likely reference if they were against government attempts to regulate pornography?

A) First
B) Second
C) Third
D) Fourth

Question 18

On what basis has the 1986 Attorney General's Commission on Pornography been criticized?

A) It did not divide pornography by different categories.
B) In analyzing the findings, it did not separate sexual offenders from non-sexual offenders.
C) It relied on testimony from experts and laypersons who mostly supported restricting or eliminating sexually graphic materials.
D) It started out with the bias that pornographic materials are not harmful.

Question 19

All of the following are true about sexuality portrayed on television EXCEPT:

A) People rarely discuss contraception.
B) Values and morals about sexuality are rarely discussed.
C) Contracting sexually transmitted infections is common.
D) People who engage in sexual activity do not typically regret their actions.

Question 20

In determining if something is obscene, what factor is related to if it is characterized by lascivious thought?

A) Appeal to prurient interest
B) Level of obscenity
C) Considered offensive and indecent
D) Lacking moral or ethical purpose

Question 21

What is the average age for a child's first exposure to online pornography?

A) 5 years old
B) 8 years old
C) 11 years old
D) 15 years old

Question 22

What type of sex work is least likely to result in arrest?

A) Streetwalking
B) Hustling
C) Escort services
D) Club/bar services

Question 23

According to the REAL Research study presented in your text, heterosexual men who watch pornographic videos containing images of naked men with a woman

A) have higher quality sperm than heterosexual men who watch similar videos containing only women.
B) have higher quality sperm than those who did not watch porn.
C) have lower sperm counts than men who watch porn containing only women.
D) show no difference in sperm quality compared to those who do not watch porn.

Question 24

What is a common characteristic of male sex workers?

A) Ninety-five percent identify as homosexual.
B) They are typically between the ages of 14 and 22.
C) They had sex at an early age and have older partners.
D) They are more likely to commit sexual crimes.

Question 25

Although done in artificial research settings, what did research findings reveal related to the influence of men's attitudes after viewing violent pornography?

A) It decreases sensitivity toward rape victims.
B) It increases the desire to see more of it.
C) It reinforces the belief that some women like to be raped.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 26

What is the main motivation for becoming a sex worker?

A) High sex drive
B) Economic
C) Sexual and economic
D) Drug addiction

Question 27

Lahey argues that attempts to determine the effects of pornography are missing the point because they have not focused on what?

A) The voices of women
B) The impact of pornography on overall relationship satisfaction
C) The voices of children harmed through the pornography industry
D) The motivations behind people's use of pornography

Question 28

What statement would be most likely attributed to Kingsley Davis, a famous sociologist?

A) It seems odd that more women do not become prostitutes.
B) Prostitution is the most degrading "work" that a person can do.
C) Since men have such high sex drive, one would think there would be more male prostitutes.
D) Prostitution should be regulated by the government with benefits paid to sex workers.

Question 29

All of the following are common related to sex workers and their sex lives EXCEPT:

A) About 80% have sexual lives outside of their professional lives.
B) Some sex workers report enjoyment from the sexual aspects of their work, but the majority do not.
C) Masters and Johnson found that sex workers were good subjects due to their high levels of sexual activity.
D) Most do not experience orgasms during sexual interactions with clients.

Question 30

What is a common finding related to viewing sexual violence and degrading pornography?

A) The person experiences an improved sex life with his/her partner.
B) The person becomes desensitized to pornography.
C) If the person previously suffered from a sexual dysfunction, they typically experience improvement.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 31

What term refers to male sex workers who provide services to men?

A) Johns
B) Gigolos
C) Hustlers
D) Pimps

Question 32

What is the average age of entry into sex work for females in the United States?

A) 12 years old
B) 14 years old
C) 17 years old
D) 22 years old

Question 33

If a man has received sexual services from a prostitute, what is the most likely sex act they have engaged in?

A) Masturbation or a "hand job"
B) Intercourse with the female on top
C) Intercourse accompanied by "talking dirty"
D) Fellatio

Question 34

What is the most common group of female sex workers?

A) Streetwalkers
B) Call girls
C) Online sex providers
D) Exotic dancers

Question 35

What is a common way that teens are lured into sex work business through a pimp?

A) They are out of money and have solicited someone they consider a "friend" to pay them for sex acts, which in turn leads to a pimp/prostitute relationship.
B) They are lured by acts of kindness and material gifts with no initial demands for sex until the relationship has progressed, at which point sex becomes involved.
C) They are forcefully taken by a pimp and forced to perform sex acts until eventually they just give in and become accustomed to the way of life.
D) They are lured in with promises of unlimited drugs and alcohol, at which point they are taken advantage of sexually and eventually have to continue to support their drug/alcohol problem.

Question 36

A "typical" female prostitute is

A) under 25, single, and prostitutes full-time.
B) under 25, single, and prostitutes part-time.
C) in her 30s, in a long-term relationship, and prostitutes part-time.
D) in her 30s, single, and prostitutes full-time.

Question 37

What is considered an important contribution of the pornography industry to online buying?

A) Implementing non-deletable links to those who surf a site
B) Real-time credit card processing
C) Confidential, free delivery
D) Developing "cookies" to track buyers' characteristics

Question 38

Which of the following statements matches findings related to pornography and sexuality?

A) In Denmark where pornography has been legal since the 1960s, there are high rates of rape and sexual violence.
B) In Japan where pornography is sold freely and dominated by rape and bondage scenes, lower rates of rape are reported than those in the United States.
C) Women in societies that forbid or repress pornography tend to have more positions of power and be held in higher esteem than in countries that have few restrictions on pornography.
D) A study of four countries found that as the availability of pornography increases, the rates of rape and other sexual crimes increases rapidly.

Question 39

What percent of teenage runaways are likely to become involved in sex work?

A) 35%
B) 50%
C) 70%
D) 85%

Question 40

What is the problem with conducting research on sex work?

A) Because the exact size of the population is unknown, it is difficult to obtain a representative sample.
B) Because sex work is illegal in most parts of the United States, it remains hidden making behaviors of sex workers difficult to measure.
C) Sex work is defined differently from various perspectives.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 41

Which of the following methods is NOT used by the traffickers to control their victims?

A) Force
B) Drugs
C) Financial methods
D) Emotional dependence

Question 42

In the context of this chapter, what is a pseudofamily?

A) A family that sex workers pretend to have with their clients.
B) A household of sex workers and pimps who live together.
C) An alliance of sex workers against their common pimp.
D) The concept that sex workers who don't know each other consider themselves connected and are willing to go to great lengths for each other.

Question 43

The Trafficking Victims Protection Act helps victims in all of the following ways EXCEPT:

A) Increasing awareness
B) Monitoring the situation
C) Allowing a maximum of trafficked individuals
D) Improving prosecution

Question 44

What is an example of debt bondage?

A) Marina is a sex worker in the former Soviet Union who is promised more money if she works in the United States. Because she cannot afford the trip, she agrees to work off her debt once she arrives.
B) Uli feels emotionally indebted to the traffickers who provide her income and can't bring herself to leave.
C) Asha is locked in a home and forced to engage in sex work. Her imprisoners use their personal debt as an excuse for not releasing her.
D) Ayumi provides bondage and discipline (B&D) services that involve the pretense that her partners are in debt to her.

Question 45

Which is the second largest destination and market country in the world for women and children trafficked by the sex industry?

A) Africa
B) Italy
C) Germany
D) United States

Question 46

How did Japan respond to demands for compensation from women who were forced to prostitute themselves during World War II?

A) Opening the Women's Active Museum on War and Peace
B) Erecting the Peaceful Comfort Girl statue in their honor
C) Organizing an annual Women's Peace march
D) Creating the GABRIELA organization

Question 47

After how many years are international trafficking victims are moved into the witness protection program and granted permanent residency?

A) 9 years
B) 7 years
C) 5 years
D) 3 years

Question 48

What are the demographics of people trafficked across international borders every year?

A) 80% female; 50% children
B) 80% female; 25% children
C) 92% female; percentage of children unknown
D) 72% female; percentage of children unknown

Question 49

What percent of individuals trafficked through international sex trade are children?

A) 20%
B) 30%
C) 50%
D) 60%

Question 50

What is the purpose of the "T-visa"?

A) It allows people who were brought to the United States via sex trafficking to have the government pay for their expenses to return to their home countries.
B) It allows people who were brought to the United States via sex trafficking to qualify for government aid.
C) It allows people who were brought to the United States via sex trafficking to stay in the United States to assist authorities in the prosecution of traffickers.
D) It allows people who were brought to the United States via sex trafficking to stay in the United States for up to 1 year to receive counseling and support services.

Question 51

What is the group "COYOTE" known for?

A) It advocates making all prostitution in Nevada illegal.
B) It advocates for more prosecution of not just prostitutes but the clients they service.
C) It is the best-known sex workers' rights group in the United States.
D) It is the best-known advocacy group for victims of sex trafficking.

Question 52

In the year 2000, which act was passed by the U.S Congress to protect the people from sex trafficking?

A) Trafficking Victims Protection Act
B) Survivors of Human Trafficking Empowerment Act
C) Trafficking Victims Reauthorization Act
D) The Trafficking and Violence Prevention Act

Question 53

Which is the most common form of modern-day slavery and the fastest growing organized crime?

A) Domestic servitude
B) Forced labor
C) Sex trafficking
D) Forced marriage

Question 54

What is true regarding the United States' involvement in the sex trafficking industry?

A) While sex trafficking does occur in the United States, it is much less likely than in most other countries.
B) Sex trafficking in the United States is more likely to involve women.
C) Sex trafficking in the United States is more likely to involve children.
D) The United States is the second largest destination and market country for women and children trafficked by the sex industry.

Question 55

During World War II, from which country were women NOT taken from their hometowns by the imperial Japanese army and put in brothels for Japanese soldiers?

A) China
B) Korea
C) The Soviet Union
D) Taiwan

Question 56

What is the estimated number of children that are trafficked in the United States each year?

A) 50,000-75,000
B) 100,000-300,000
C) 300,000-450,000
D) 400,000-550,000

Question 57

All of the following statements regarding Thailand are accurate EXCEPT:

A) People who do "indirect" sex work in Thailand make the most money.
B) Sex workers in Thailand are required to participate in the governmental STI monitoring system.
C) It is up to the sex worker to establish and regulate their own policies related to the use of condoms.
D) College students in Thailand often report that sex work protects "good women" from being raped.

Question 58

What were "comfort girls"?

A) Women who served as courtesans for Eastern European government officials
B) A South American name for call girls
C) U.S. sex workers who popularized a pornographic genre in the post-World War II era
D) Women who were placed in brothels to serve Japanese soldiers during World War II

Question 59

Which type of visa allows the international victims to stay in the United States to assist federal authorities in the prosecution of traffickers?

A) H-2A
B) T-visa
C) B-2
D) H-2B

Question 60

Which of the following is not true of Delores French?

A) She is a sex worker.
B) She is the president of the Florida COYOTE group.
C) She argued that a woman who sells her body for sex is comparable to a female lawyer who sells her brains to a law firm.
D) She left a lucrative career in sex work because she found it demeaning.

Question 61

How many U.S. teens who run away from home eventually become involved in sex work?

A) At least 45%
B) At least 55%
C) At least 65%
D) At least 85%

Question 62

A slang term that refers to the male in charge of organizing clients for a female sex worker is

A) pimp
B) courtesan
C) trick
D) john

Question 63

A slang term that refers to the sexual services of a sex worker is

A) john
B) trick
C) pimp
D) courtesan

Question 64

How much do indirect sex workers earn from prostitution per service in Thailand?

A) $20 to $100
B) $2 to $20
C) $10 to $30
D) $40 to $60

Question 65

Countries including the United States, Japan, Taiwan, South Korea, Australia, and Europe organize "sex tours" to which country?

A) Thailand
B) China
C) Pakistan
D) Bangladesh

Question 66

One study found that _______ of female sex workers were younger than 25 and single.

A) 40%
B) 75%
C) 55%
D) 90%

Question 67

Which of the following statement is correct in context with male sex workers?

A) 40% say that they participate in anal rimming.
B) 99% say that they perform fellatio.
C) 30% say that they perform anal sex.
D) They have mentors known as pimps.

Question 68

What is the name of the group that was formed in the Philippines to fight sex work and sexual harassment?

A) RAINN
B) EEOC
C) GABRIELA
D) AASHA

Question 69

Which country has the largest and the best known red-light district?

A) Korea
B) Thailand
C) Japan
D) The Netherlands

Question 70

In 1967, which President set up a commission to study the impact of pornography on American society?

A) Lyndon Johnson
B) Ronald Reagan
C) Gerald Ford
D) Richard Nixon

Question 71

What is the legal definition of sex work in the United States?

A) The act of hiring out one's body for sexual intercourse
B) Any sexual behavior that is sold for profit
C) The exchange of money or goods for erotic physical contact
D) The U.S. legal code is ambiguous and states have different definitions.

Question 72

Sex workers who provide services using things such as leathers, whips, or chains are known as

A) streetwalkers
B) courtesans
C) bondage and discipline sex workers
D) brothel workers

Question 73

Which amendment do many use to defend pornography?

A) First Amendment
B) Second Amendment
C) Third Amendment
D) Fourth Amendment

Question 74

A sex worker who often interacts with men of rank or wealth is known as

A) brothel
B) call girl
C) courtesan
D) hustler

Question 75

Which type of women are more likely to engage in sex work?

A) White women
B) Hispanic women
C) Black women
D) All of these women have an equal chance of engaging in sex work. The most important factor is the history of emotional or physical abuse.

Question 76

A man who is hired to have a sexual relationship with a woman and receives financial support from her is known as

A) hustler
B) courtesan
C) gigolo
D) brothel man

Question 77

In Cuba, MSWs and FSWs who solicit tourists are known as

A) window prostitutes
B) comfort girls
C) jineteros
D) sex slaves

Question 78

Which Thai belief often reduces the fear of death?

A) Taoism
B) Reincarnation
C) Deities
D) Hell and heaven

Question 79

Which is not a common reason for clients to visit sex workers?

A) To eliminate the risk of rejection
B) For adventure
C) To relieve loneliness
D) To initiate a loving relationship

Question 80

Which is not part of the U.S. definition of obscenity?

A) Lack political or scientific value
B) Appeal to urbane interest
C) Offense of community standards
D) Appeal to prurient interest