Deck 24: England

Question 1

What did members of the Jackson Hole Group recommend to bring managed competition to the American health care system?

A)They pushed for the formation of insurer networks, which would then bargain for the best care at the lowest price.
B)They sought to inject market principles (through the operation of an internal market)into an overwhelmingly public, tax-supported enterprise.
C)They sought to increase competition on quality measures in order to reduce the power of HMOs which were denying coverage for needed care.
D)The pushed to expand and formalize the responsibility of businesses to collectively finance health care for their respective employees.

Answer 1

They pushed for the formation of insurer networks, which would then bargain for the best care at the lowest price.

Question 2

When the Conservative Party swept back to power in 2010, it first ____.

A)introduced legislation to increase the provision of NHS services by private entities and decentralize the NHS
B)committed to holding the line on health care
C)embarked on a national "listening tour" regarding health reform
D)sought to increase health spending to be comparable to expenditure rates found in other EU nations

Answer 2

introduced legislation to increase the provision of NHS services by private entities and decentralize the NHS

Question 3

Which statement is accurate regarding managed care provided by HMOs and other organizations around 2000?

A)They caused health care consumers and their physicians to rebel at the limits imposed on providers.
B)They successfully reduced national health spending by forcing efficiencies on to medical providers.
C)They prioritized consumers' desires over the prerogatives of the medical providers.
D)They triggered many strikes by medical providers seeking higher reimbursement rates.

Answer 3

They caused health care consumers and their physicians to rebel at the limits imposed on providers.

Question 4

The Beveridge Report of 1942 focused on ____.

A)measures to improve the well-being of the British people after the war
B)mass evacuations to avoid the nightly bombing raids in London and other cities
C)the creation of a National Health Service
D)the elimination of class boundaries through legal measures

Question 5

Reformers on both sides of the Atlantic viewed the greatest obstacle to achieving efficiency in health care to be ____.

A)physicians
B)patients
C)insurers
D)employers

Question 6

When Tony Blair took office as Prime Minister, his "New Labour" team was first intent on ____.

A)formally abolishing the internal market, though it was unclear what they would replace it with
B)instituting a new package of reforms after a flu epidemic appeared to swamp NHS resources
C)increasing health spending to place British spending in line with the expenditure rates found in other EU nations
D)inviting the private sector to take a far more active role in the provision of health care

Question 7

The first important NHS reforms, passed in 1974, ____.

A)were aimed at improving management in the system through the establishment of local health authorities
B)were vigorously protested by the general public
C)imposed the use of non-medical managers to improve accountability
D)were based on the work of an American economist on internal markets

Question 8

In 1990, the conservatives enacted the National Health Service and Community Health Act of 1990 , which created a purchaser-provider split primarily dependent on ____.

A)GPs negotiating favorable arrangements with hospitals on behalf of their patients
B)specialists negotiating favorable arrangements with hospitals on behalf of their patients
C)hospitals negotiating favorable arrangements with specialists on behalf of their patients
D)the NHS negotiating favorable arrangements with GPs and specialists on behalf of their patients

Question 9

The British government first established a role in medicine by 1911 with the ____.

A)passage of national health insurance for workers
B)passage of national heath insurance for the poor
C)enlistment of GPs in the National Health Service
D)enlistment of GPs and hospital-based specialists in the Emergency Medical Service

Question 10

In the late 1930s and early 1940s, the Emergency Medical Service ____.

A)set a precedent of substantial government intervention in British health care
B)took care of massive casualties in wartime London
C)managed the mass evacuation of women and children to the countryside
D)failed to come together because of disagreement between GPs and hospital-based specialists

Question 11

The Conservative Party under Margaret Thatcher coasted to election victory in 1979 in connection with a backdrop of ____.

A)economic stagnation with high inflation
B)the Watergate scandal
C)the Vietnam War
D)plummeting oil costs

Question 12

Who did Bevan choose to control the newly-formed unified health service?

A)the national government
B)the hospital sector centralized under local authorities
C)medical professionals
D)the teaching hospitals

Question 13

Which statement accurately describes attitudes towards NHS reforms as of 2012?

A)Members of the public were generally indifferent as to whether health care was provided by the private or public sector as long as they received the care they required.
B)After several months of its national "listening tour," the government responded by increasing the independence and power of the commissioning groups.
C)Under popular pressure, the NHS was prohibited from hiring foreign companies or their subsidiaries to run GP medical practices.
D)At a recent meeting of the BMA, doctors voted to join a campaign to expand the roles of the private sector in the NHS.

Question 14

Why do British politicians frequently portray the NHS as being endangered and vulnerable to the whims of the government of the day?

A)The party in opposition often finds health policy a convenient means by which to focus criticism on the party in power.
B)The NHS is highly unpopular and frustrating to the British people.
C)The NHS's costs have increased at a more rapid pace than the U.S. health system.
D)The Chancellor of the Exchequer has repeatedly failed to rein in costs over time.

Question 15

Which statement is accurate regarding professional participation in the new health system?

A)Teaching hospitals largely retained freedom of action.
B)Hospital-based specialists could no longer maintain private practices.
C)GPs sought to receive capitation (i.e., set fees per patient examined)rather than state salaries but were denied.
D)Regional Health Board members oversaw the day to day operations of hospital facilities.