Deck 9: The Computer Industry and Careers

Question 1

Information technology (IT)degree programs focus on applying computers to business problems.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Transistors sparked a revolution in the entertainment industry by providing a small, power-efficient technology for portable radios.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

A certification exam verifies your knowledge level about a particular technology or subject.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The Silicon Valley is the birthplace of integrated circuits, microprocessors, and personal computers.

Question 5

The figure shown above is a manual calculator called an algorithm .

Question 6

A manual calculator first appeared around 1200 in China.

Question 7

Dell Computers pioneered Web-based direct sales to individual customers.

Question 8

The first-generation computers used transistors for their main processing and memory technology.

Question 9

Computers from third-tier vendors are generally more expensive than those offered by top-tier vendors.

Question 10

In the IT industry, a master's or doctoral degree will not lead to an advanced position.

Question 11

The Internet and telecommunications technologies have made telecommuting harder than in the past.

Question 12

Today, high-end personal computers and servers have replaced minicomputers, and the term minicomputer has fallen into disuse.

Question 13

The U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC)police the business practices of the IT industry.

Question 14

A job search agent is a person who searches databases and notifies you when he\she finds any leads that match your specified criteria.

Question 15

Herman Hollerith won the U.S. Census Bureau's competition to tabulate the 1890 census quickly.

Question 16

The organizational structure of a company is called a hierarchy.

Question 17

The Hollerith Tabulating Machine (shown above)tallied the 1890 population count after only six weeks of processing.

Question 18

A manual calculator implements algorithms by itself, without any help from you.

Question 19

The Tabulating Machine Company, incorporated in 1896, changed its name to IBM in 1924.

Question 20

Industry analysts often use market share as a gauge of a company's success.

Question 21

Compiling data from the 1880 census took ____ years.

A)2
B)7
C)20
D)30

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT true when comparing transistors to vacuum tubes?

A)Transistors are much smaller.
B)Transistors use more power.
C)Vacuum tubes are more expensive.
D)Transistors are more reliable.

Question 23

A product which is announced by a company but never produced is called ____.

A)streetware
B)trialware
C)vaporware
D)shareware

Question 24

Computer hardware and software are sold through outlets called ____, as shown in the figure above.

A)marketing shares
B)marketing tiers
C)marketing channels
D)marketing paths

Question 25

The device shown in the figure above, used to perform multiplication and division, was called ____.

A)an abacus
B)an algorithm
C)Napier's Bones
D)a mechanical calculator

Question 26

By the late 1950s, ____, like those pictured in the figure above, had replaced vacuum tubes as the processing and memory technology for most computers.

A)integrated circuits
B)microchips
C)algorithms
D)transistors

Question 27

Computer hardware and software are sold through outlets called marketing channels .

Question 28

Computer historians believe that the ____ design uses many of the concepts that define the modern computer.

A)Difference Engine
B)UNIVAC
C)Abacus
D)Analytical Engine

Question 29

The Intel 4004 microprocessor, shown in the figure above, was developed by Ted Hoff in ____.

A)1950
B)1971
C)1985
D)1995

Question 30

The computer industry includes companies that manufacture ____.

A)handheld and personal computers
B)high-end workstations and servers
C)supercomputers
D)all of the above

Question 31

Most historians consider the ____ computer to be the first commercially successful digital computer.

A)Schickard
B)UNIVAC
C)Pascaline
D)Arithmometer

Question 32

Microsoft is located near Seattle, Washington and Dell is just outside ____.

A)San Francisco, CA
B)Denver, Colorado
C)Austin, TX
D)Philadelphia, PA

Question 33

____ is a company's percentage of the total market pie.

A)Market tier
B)Market channel
C)Market distribution
D)Market share

Question 34

The figure shown above is an online job bank which maintains a database of thousands of job openings posted by employers.

Question 35

The first commercially successful minicomputer was introduced by DEC in ____.

A)1965
B)1975
C)1985
D)1995

Question 36

The Analytical Engine, shown in the picture above, was developed in the early 1800s by an English mathematician named ____.

A)Hollerith
B)Babbage
C)Napier
D)Schickard

Question 37

The punch cards shown in the above figure were designed by ____.

A)Herman Hollerith
B)Charles Babbage
C)Benjamin Jacquard
D)Wilhelm Schickard

Question 38

A large company like Dell, that has been in the computer business for many years and has an identifiable market share, would be categorized in the ____ market tier.

A)first
B)second
C)third
D)none of the above

Question 39

The ____ focuses on protecting the intellectual property of members and lobbies for a legal and regulatory environment that benefits the entire IT industry.

A)Federal Trade Commission
B)Software and Information Industry Association
C)Department of Justice
D)Federal Communications Commission

Question 40

A(n)____, shown in the figure above, is an electronic device that controls the flow of electrons in a vacuum.

A)transistor
B)chip
C)vacuum tube
D)circuit

Question 41

A ____ helps fabricate computer chips, circuit boards, system units, or peripheral devices.

A)systems analyst
B)technical support specialist
C)manufacturing technician
D)quality assurance specialist

Question 42

Having high-level computer programming languages made it possible for third parties to develop software for ____-generation computers, which marked the birth of the software industry.

A)first
B)second
C)third
D)fourth

Question 43

____ degree programs focus on applying computers to business problems. With this degree, you might advance to systems analyst, database administrator, or network manager.

A)Computer engineering
B)Computer science
C)Information systems
D)Information technology

Question 44

The key advantage of using a(n)____, like the one shown in the figure above, is that you do not have to be online while it works.

A)online job bank
B)online job database
C)personal agent
D)job search agent

Question 45

To decrease their voluntary turnover rates, companies offer employee-friendly working conditions including ____.

A)the opportunity to work from home
B)childcare
C)flexible hours
D)all of the above

Question 46

____ focuses on computer hardware and peripheral device design; with this degree, you might work at a chip manufacturer such as Intel or IBM.

A)Computer science
B)Computer engineering
C)Information systems
D)Information technology

Question 47

Most information systems (IS)departments are headed by a ____.

A)CEO
B)CIO
C)COO
D)CFO

Question 48

____ takes a disciplined approach to developing reliable, user-friendly, and affordable software.

A)Computer engineering
B)Computer science
C)Information systems
D)Software engineering

Question 49

____ focuses on computer architecture and how to program computers to make them work effectively and efficiently. With this degree, you might get a job as a programmer.

A)Computer science
B)Computer engineering
C)Information systems
D)Information technology

Question 50

____ workers are usually hired as consultants and are not official employees of a company.

A)Telecommuting
B)IT
C)Contract
D)Computer

Question 51

Graduates of two-year programs usually find employment as entry-level ____.

A)technicians
B)programmers
C)support personnel
D)all of the above

Question 52

Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of working from home?

A)Workers may need supervision.
B)Workers may procrastinate.
C)The home environment is not distracting.
D)Data transmitted from home may not be secure.

Question 53

Although China, Japan, Taiwan, Singapore, and the U.S. are the biggest computer hardware-producing countries by dollar value, the IT industry remains dominated by ____.

A)China
B)Japan
C)Singapore
D)the U.S.

Question 54

A ____ analyzes a company's data to determine the most effective way to collect and store it.

A)computer programmer
B)security specialist
C)technical writer
D)database administrator

Question 55

____ degree programs focus on the computer equipment and software that businesses and organizations use. Graduates often work as help desk technicians.

A)Computer science
B)Computer engineering
C)Information systems
D)Information technology

Question 56

Computer companies often use ____, which is getting parts and labor from outside suppliers.

A)offshoring
B)drafting
C)outsourcing
D)globalizing

Question 57

____-generation computers ran programming language compilers that allowed programmers to write instructions using English-like commands.

A)First
B)Second
C)Third
D)Fourth

Question 58

Certification exams are offered in the ____ area.

A)software applications
B)networking
C)computer hardware
D)all of the above

Question 59

A ____ designs and tests new hardware products, such as computer chips, circuit boards, computers, and peripheral devices.

A)computer salesperson
B)computer engineer
C)manufacturing technician
D)quality assurance specialist

Question 60

A ____ creates documentation for large programming projects and writes the online or printed user manuals that accompany computers, peripherals, and software.

A)technical writer
B)Web site designer
C)computer operator
D)computer engineer

Question 61

____ is the obligation not to disclose any information obtained in confidence.

A)Compromising
B)Disclosure
C)Confidentiality
D)Whistleblowing

Question 62

The ____________________-generation computers used transistors instead of vacuum tubes.

Question 63

____ is sending jobs to other countries, including India, China, the Philippines, Mexico, Canada, and Russia, where the cost of living and salaries are lower.

A)Offshoring
B)Drafting
C)Outsourcing
D)Globalizing

Question 64

Behind every calculation is a(n)____, a step-by-step process by which numbers are manipulated.

A)operator
B)operand
C)algorithm
D)abacus

Question 65

Which of the following is NOT true concerning whistleblowers?

A)They are not forced out of their jobs.
B)They may be excluded from promotions.
C)They are often fired.
D)They may be shunned by coworkers.

Question 66

A second testing phase for a new product, called a(n)____________________ test, is conducted by off-site testers, such as a professional testing company.

Question 67

____________________ is defined as "the science of designing the job to fit the worker, rather than physically forcing the worker's body to fit the job."

Question 68

RFID chips can be embedded in ID badges and used to keep track of employee locations in an office or manufacturing facility. RFID stands for ____.

A)Radio Format Identification
B)Radio Frequency Identification
C)Real Frequency Identification
D)Real Familiar Identification

Question 69

Society's ethics are based on ____.

A)books
B)laws
C)opinions
D)all of the above

Question 70

Ethical values include ____.

A)responsibility
B)honesty
C)respect
D)all of the above

Question 71

When attaching your resume to an email message, it is best to use the ____ format that can be read by a variety of word processing programs.

A).doc
B).docx
C).wps
D).rtf

Question 72

____, the prototype for first-generation computers, contained about 18,000 tubes.

A)Analytical Engine
B)ENIAC
C)RCA Spectra
D)IBM 360

Question 73

A(n)____________________ is an experimental device that designers must further develop before mass production and distribution.

Question 74

A code of ____ can provide guidelines, but it might not offer ready answers to every dilemma that arises in the course of your career.

A)ethics
B)output
C)conversation
D)professions

Question 75

A(n)____ is someone in an organization who decides to speak out against on-the-job activities that are contrary to the mission of the organization or threaten the public interest.

A)agent
B)enforcer
C)disgruntled worker
D)whistleblower

Question 76

The first phase of testing for a new product, called ____________________ testing, is usually carried out by the software publisher's in-house testing team.

Question 77

A(n)____ is a software program that performs broad-based Web searches, such as searching more than one job database at a time.

A)job search agent
B)job hunter
C)metasearch tool
D)head hunter

Question 78

A(n)____________________, like the one pictured above, remained in use as an essential tool for students, engineers, and scientists through the 1960s.

Question 79

Certification falls into two broad categories: certificates of completion and certification ____________________.

Question 80

In 1999, the U.S. Congress defined a(n)____________________ as any person whose primary occupation involves the design, configuration, analysis, development, modification, testing, or security of computer hardware or software.