Deck 3: Shadows Over the Pacific: East Asia Under Challenge

Question 1

Japan's feudal lords were called which of the following?

A)Samurai
B)Daimyo
C)Zaibatsu

Answer 1

Daimyo

Question 2

Sun Yat-sen's Three People's Principles were which of the following?

A)Nationalism, democracy, and "people's livelihood"
B)Nationalism, imperialism, and capitalism
C)Enlightened despotism, socialism, and Daoism

Answer 2

Nationalism, democracy, and "people's livelihood"

Question 3

How are the Boxers best described?

A)They were a rural secret revolutionary society who attempted to end Western influence in China and overthrow the Chinese government.
B)They were an urban athletic society that focused on translating "self-strengthening" principles into daily action by getting into fights.
C)They were a rural movement that resisted Chinese government insistence on classical education instead of Western education and eventually revolted.

Answer 3

They were a rural movement that resisted Chinese government insistence on classical education instead of Western education and eventually revolted.

Question 4

In the aftermath of the Boxer Rebellion, Cixi followed which policy?

A)She executed the leaders and refused to make any reforms.
B)She immediately embraced democratic reform programs.
C)She established a commission in 1905 to study constitutional changes.

Question 5

The slogan "East for essence, West for practical use" refers to which of the following policies?

A)Japanese adoption of Western democratic institutions, culture, and military reform
B)Chinese emulation of Western industrial technology but not social or political thought
C)The Qing adoption of fundamental rights doctrines inspired by the French revolution

Question 6

Tibetans were able to revive their local autonomy because of competition between which states?

A)China and Japan
B)Russia and Great Britain
C)Tibet and India

Question 7

In 1894, China and Japan went to war over which strategic peninsula?

A)Korea
B)Shimonoseki
C)Liaodong

Question 8

The policy of "self-strengthening" in late nineteenth-century China included all of the following except which?

A)The construction of railroads
B)Reforms in education
C)Building shipyards

Question 9

Which two states attacked the Manchus in 1856, eventually capturing Beijing in 1860?

A)Britain and France
B)France and Germany
C)The United States and Great Britain

Question 10

The Japanese decision to open relations with the West was especially opposed by whom?

A)The Meiji emperor
B)The Tokugawa shogun
C)The prefectures of Satsuma and Choshu

Question 11

All of the following is correct about the shogun in Japan except which?

A)He assumed the role of the emperor.
B)He ruled in the name of the emperor.
C)He was a powerful military general.

Question 12

British ambassador Lord Macartney had what mission?

A)To open trade and diplomatic relations with China peacefully
B)To demand that the Chinese allow British extraterritoriality
C)To petition the emperor to protect Christians in China

Question 13

Hong Xiuquan believed himself to be whom?

A)The Christian god
B)The younger brother of Jesus
C)The reincarnation of Confucius

Question 14

The Treaty of Tianjin had what effect?

A)It resulted in many concessions by China, including the opening of additional ports and the cession of territory to Westerners.
B).It ended Western involvement in China as most European states felt it was too costly to continue.
C)It ended Manchu rule, divided the country into several autonomous regions controlled by warlords, and established the Republic of China.

Question 15

Who was the founder of the Revive China Society?

A)Sun Yat-sen
B)Chiang Kai-shek
C)Kang Youwei

Question 16

How was Japan first opened to foreign trade in 1853?

A)By a carefully negotiated series of treaties with the United States
B)By force at the hands of a U.S. naval squadron
C)By an internal revolution that caused a change in government

Question 17

The events in China in 1911 could be best described as which of the following?

A)A revolution similar to the French Revolution
B)A top-down program of reform similar to the Meiji revolution
C)An imperceptible, long-term change similar to the Industrial Revolution

Question 18

Sun Yat-sen argued that a reformed China must begin with which of the following?

A)Destruction of Manchu rule
B)A peasant uprising
C)Nonviolent civil disobedience

Question 19

Which royal dynasty ruled China at the height of its power?

A)Qing
B)Han
C)Tang

Question 20

How did British and French ambitions in Burma and Vietnam affect China?

A)British and French control of Burma and Vietnam ended their traditional vassal and tributary relationship with China.
B)British and French missionary activity led to a rejection of traditional Chinese values in Burma and Vietnam.
C)British and French governments sponsored violent revolts against Chinese occupation in Burma and Vietnam.

Question 21

How is industrialization in Japan best described?

A)It was entirely the product of private investors, who became extremely wealthy.
B)It was financed largely by foreign capital, and therefore subject to foreign control.
C)It was the result of considerable government assistance, following a policy of quick development.

Question 22

Describe the differences between Homo erectus and Homo habilis.

Question 23

What were the results of the first Opium War?

Question 24

Chinese traditional values and customs were identified with which figure?

A)The Buddha
B)Laozi
C)Confucius

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement regarding trade and manufacturing in China?

A)There was social prejudice against merchants and manufacturers in favor of traditional military careers.
B)China was entirely an agricultural society and had no industrial capacity to speak of.
C)There were many official restrictions placed on trade and commerce that encouraged regional disobedience.

Question 26

Describe the results of population growth on Qing China.

Question 27

All of the following could be said to apply to the Meiji Restoration except which?

A)It was "revolution from above."
B)Many Japanese traditions were abandoned.
C)Its achievements closely resemble those of Europe.

Question 28

The Treaty of Shimonoseki resulted in which of the following?

A)Japan gained Taiwan.
B)China retained Korea.
C)Russia received Port Arthur.

Question 29

How are Japanese military reforms best described?

A)They retained the traditional samurai warrior class.
B)They created an army based upon universal conscription.
C)They relied primarily upon hired mercenaries.

Question 30

How did opium affect Chinese individuals and society?

Question 31

The United States recognized Japan's territorial claims in Asia in exchange for Japan's willingness to accept American authority in which territory?

A)The Hawaiian Islands
B)Alaska
C)The Philippines

Question 32

In Japan, kokutai refers to which of the following?

A)The idea of Japan's uniqueness, including its imperial system
B)The name of the lower house in the Japanese parliament
C)The label for the untouchables at the bottom of society

Question 33

Which institution was the paramount power in the new Meiji government?

A)Emperor
B)Shogun
C)Genro

Question 34

The Japanese government could best be described as which of the following?

A)Despotic in form but democratic in practice
B)Democratic in form but despotic in practice
C)A despotic federation with limited control over its regions

Question 35

As a result of its military defeat, Russia was forced to give up which of the following territories?

A)The Shandong peninsula
B)Formosa
C)Southern Sakhalin and the Kurile Islands

Question 36

The new Japanese constitution of 1890 gave supreme authority to which institution?

A)Legislative Diet
B)Genro
C)Emperor

Question 37

What major issue sparked tensions between Japan and the United States?

A)Japanese industrialization resulted in a large trade imbalance between the two in Japan's favor.
B)Japanese immigration was resisted in most western U.S. states, causing a diplomatic conflict.
C)Japanese expansion was checked by the American annexation of Hawaii.

Question 38

Why did Britain wish to push opium in China?

Question 39

How did the Qing come to power in China?

Question 40

In 1908, Japan annexed which territory?

A)The Liaodong peninsula
B)Vietnam
C)Korea

Question 41

Why did the United States coerce Japan to begin relations?

Question 42

Britain's solution for the trade imbalance caused by the importation of tea from China was to ship what commodity to China?

A)Silver coinage from Japan
B)Cotton cloth from India and England
C)Opium from India

Question 43

How did the Opium War affect the Chinese imperial government's relations with other regions in China? What was the result of these affects?

Question 44

What role did the Chinese state play in industrialization?

Question 45

What was the object of the Boxer Rebellion?

Question 46

Was the Boxer Rebellion caused mostly by internal or external factors? Why?

Question 47

What role did Yuan Shikai play in the republican revolution?

Question 48

What role did Japanese oligarchs play in Meiji Japan?

Question 49

Describe the key principles of the Chinese republican movement.

Question 50

Why was there so much opposition to reform in China?

Question 51

How were men's and women's experiences of Meiji reforms different?

Question 52

What was the role of the shogun by the mid-nineteenth century in Japan?

Question 53

Why is Meiji industrialization often viewed as a success?

Question 54

How did population growth affect Qing political authority, the economy, and society?

Question 55

What were the short-term and long-term consequences of the 1839-1842 Opium War?

Question 56

What policies did the Japanese government adopt to support its rapid industrialization initiative?

Question 57

To whom did the republican revolutionary cause appeal to most across China?

Question 58

China did not industrialize as the West did for all of the following reasons except which?

A)It had no uniform system of weights and measures.
B)China's population was too large to support an industrial economy.
C)The urban middle classes were not as free as in the West.

Question 59

What were the key principles of the new Meiji constitution?

Question 60

What was the cause of the 1894-1895 Sino-Japanese War?

Question 61

What effect did Japanese industrialization have on the balance of power in East Asia? What had changed between 1867 and 1908?

Question 62

How was Meiji Japan different from Tokugawa Japan?

Question 63

The Opium War had what result?

A)It weakened the Chinese army and led to the immediate fall of the Manchus.
B)It weakened Chinese central authority and strengthened British influence over Chinese trade policies.
C)It stopped Britain from selling opium in China until 1911.

Question 64

How did Chinese society and culture change in the cities versus smaller towns and villages during the nineteenth century? What explains the differences?

Question 65

In the Treaty of Nanjing, the British gains included all of the following except which?

A)Five coastal Chinese ports in which to trade
B)The right to be consulted in the selection of the Chinese emperors
C)Extraterritorial rights granted to British citizens

Question 66

Did the alliance between Sun and Yuan mostly help or mostly hurt the republican cause? Why?

Question 67

How is the Taiping Rebellion best described?

A)It was an uprising to China's urban majority.
B)It was an attempt by the Qing rulers to bring Tibet into the Chinese empire.
C)It was a peasant revolt by peasants and other discontented in China's south.

Question 68

What was the Meiji government's attitude toward foreign technology, knowledge, and culture? How was this approach different than the Tokugawa government's?

Question 69

Why did Britain and China fight the Opium Wars fought?

A)To take control of the opium supply from Britain
B)To drive the price of Chinese opium down in Britain
C)To force China to allow Britain to trade opium in China

Question 70

Describe early Japanese industrialization. What were the Japanese government's motives and policies regarding industrialization? What were the results?