Deck 1: The Rise of Industrial Society in the West

Question 1

The early twentieth-century abandonment of laissez-faire liberal policies was exemplified in which act?

A)The ending of serfdom in Russia
B)Britain's National Insurance Act of 1911
C)The creation of the dual monarchy in Austria

Answer 1

Britain's National Insurance Act of 1911

Question 2

Which Ottoman province declared its autonomy and then attempted to modernize in the nineteenth century?

A)Turkey
B)Egypt
C)Iraq

Answer 2

Egypt

Question 3

How did industrialization in most of the European continental states differ from industrialization in Britain?

A)They were able to succeed without an extensive railroad network.
B)They depended upon oil rather than coal as an energy source.
C)They benefited from greater government support.

Answer 3

They benefited from greater government support.

Question 4

The Industrial Revolution first occurred in which state?

A)Germany
B)Great Britain
C)Russia

Question 5

The nineteenth-century ideology of nationalism was most destructive to which state?

A)British Empire
B)German Empire
C)Ottoman Empire

Question 6

Which Ottoman province became an independent kingdom in 1830?

A)Serbia
B)Greece
C)Bosnia

Question 7

American political progressivism was represented in whose presidential administrations?

A)Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge
B)Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson
C)Herbert Hoover and Franklin Roosevelt

Question 8

Which nineteenth-century European ruler was assassinated?

A)Queen Victoria
B)Tsar Alexander II
C)Emperor Francis Joseph

Question 9

The most radical women's rights organization of the early twentieth century was which of the following?

A)Women's Social and Political Union
B)American Federation of Labor
C)Narodnaya Volya

Question 10

Which statesman was able to partially reconcile the two largest disparate language and culture groups in Canada?

A)Justin Trudeau
B)William Lyon MacKenzie
C)Wilfrid Laurier

Question 11

Which of the following describes one of the major disagreements between Karl Marx and Anarchists such as Mikhail Bakunin?

A)Whether revolution could be peaceful
B)Whether revolution would result from a spontaneous uprising by the proletariat
C)Whether revolution must be led by a core of committed communists who would lead the masses

Question 12

Which of the following debates divided members of the First International?

A)Whether capitalism was the proper economic system
B)Whether the proletariat could be reformed
C)Whether a violent revolution was necessary

Question 13

In hopes of transforming Russian society, the narodniks looked to whom to lead the way?

A)Anarchists
B)Communists
C)Peasants

Question 14

Nationalist revolts were most common in the nineteenth century in which region?

A)British Isles
B)Northern Italy
C)Balkans

Question 15

Which of the following ideologies proved to be the most popular in nineteenth-century Europe?

A)Communism
B)Nationalism
C)Conservatism

Question 16

Which state held the greatest foreign investment in Latin America between 1870 and 1913?

A)The United States
B)Great Britain
C)Spain

Question 17

In addition to The Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx's most important work was which of the following?

A)The Wealth of Nations
B)Das Kapital
C)Proletariat Arise!

Question 18

Nineteenth-century liberalism typically included all except which of the following planks?

A)Property qualifications for voting
B)Women's suffrage
C)A government of limited powers

Question 19

Latin American economies in the nineteenth century grew mainly as the result of which of the following?

A)The export of raw materials
B)The export of manufactured products
C)The domestic consumption of manufactured products

Question 20

The difficulties of ruling a multinational empire in the nineteenth century were most apparent in which country?

A)Great Britain
B)The United States
C)Austria-Hungary

Question 21

Which artistic movement used exaggerated colors and distorted shapes in projecting the inner selves of the artist?

A)Expressionism
B)Impressionism
C)Realism

Question 22

Marx's failure in the nineteenth century was his inability to appreciate the strength of which ideology?

A)Democracy
B)Nationalism
C)Socialism

Question 23

Describe the living conditions of the industrial working classes.

Question 24

The novels of Emile Zola represent which literary movement?

A)Naturalism
B)Romanticism
C)Modernism

Question 25

What are the key principles of liberalism?

Question 26

Why was Freud's work controversial at the time?

A)It stressed the importance of the unconscious instead of human rationality.
B)It argued that dreams were meaningless in understanding human nature.
C)It claimed there is no explanation for sexual feelings and actions.

Question 27

The artistic movement responding to a new interest in human perception was which of the following?

A)Expressionism
B)Impressionism
C)Modernism

Question 28

The new physics of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century supplemented and often replaced the entrenched and accepted theories of which thinker?

A)Francis Bacon
B)John Locke
C)Isaac Newton

Question 29

How did industrialization affect men and women differently?

Question 30

The new physics posed a scientific and philosophical challenge to theoretical physicists for which of the following reasons?

A)It proved that there was no such thing as an atom.
B)Subatomic particles seemed to behave in random fashion.
C)All of Newton's theories were proved to be fallacious.

Question 31

In the United States, "the American system" referred to which of the following?

A)The use of slaves rather than serfs in agricultural production
B)The use of interchangeable parts in industrial manufacturing
C)The geographical expansion to the West rather than to the East as in Russia

Question 32

Why were Marx's predictions about the coming of the communist revolution in Western industrialized countries proved incorrect?

A)Western governments destroyed the proletariat uprisings through military force.
B)The working classes took over the governments peacefully, through use of the ballot.
C)The capitalist democratic system was able to reform itself through social welfare measures, antitrust laws, and labor unions.

Question 33

Which physicist claimed that each particle of matter is equivalent to its mass times the square of the velocity of light?

A)Albert Einstein
B)Isaac Newton
C)Edvard Munch

Question 34

Which literary movement of the early twentieth century reacted against Naturalism?

A)Modernism
B)Impressionism
C)Symbolism

Question 35

What was the importance of railway building to industrialization?

Question 36

What is a limited monarchy?

Question 37

Darwin's theory of evolution argued that life was ultimately shaped through which mechanism?

A)Divine creation
B)Natural selection
C)A First Cause or Prime Mover

Question 38

How did the Second Industrial Revolution differ from earlier industrialization?

A)It made use of electricity as a major source of energy.
B)It focused on manufacturing iron rather than steel.
C)It focused almost entirely on producing consumer goods.

Question 39

Which of the following would not necessarily have been associated with the Chicago school of architecture?

A)Reinforced concrete
B)Groined vaults
C)Sheet glass

Question 40

How did the United States industrialize?

Question 41

Describe Austria's experience of nationalism.

Question 42

What are the key principles of nationalism?

Question 43

What are Darwin's key ideas?

Question 44

What was the result of the abolition of serfdom in Russia in 1861?

Question 45

What were the sources of revolution in late nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century Latin America?

Question 46

What were the key principles of progressivism?

Question 47

How did agricultural growth lay the foundations for industrial growth in Great Britain?

Question 48

How did nationalism harm the Ottoman Empire?

Question 49

Describe Einstein's contributions to modern science.

Question 50

What are the key principles of Marxism?

Question 51

How did European industrialization differ from British industrialization?

Question 52

How are Naturalism and Symbolism different?

Question 53

What was the First International, and why was it significant?

Question 54

By the 1870s, Europeans were adopting which position on trade?

A)They were abandoning free trade and adopting tariffs.
B)They were abandoning tariffs in favor of free trade.
C)They were adopting free trade but abandoning laissez-faire.

Question 55

How are Impressionism and Post-Impressionism different?

Question 56

What was the Pure Food and Drug Act, and why was it important?

Question 57

What was the purpose of labor unions, and how did this purpose change across industrialization?

Question 58

In 1889, the world's tallest structure was to be found in which city?

A)Paris
B)New York
C)Chicago

Question 59

How did independent Latin American states form in the 1800s?

Question 60

What was the National Insurance Act in Britain, and why was it important?

Question 61

Why was social democracy so attractive in late nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century Europe? Discuss examples from at least two countries.

Question 62

Which was NOT a feature of the mass society that emerged by the end of the nineteenth century?

A)Compulsory elementary education
B)Economic equality
C)Urban overcrowding

Question 63

Is nationalism more similar to liberalism or conservatism? Why?

Question 64

How do the movements in creative expression of the late nineteenth century interpret reality in similar or different ways? Discuss at least three movements in your response.

Question 65

Why were so many Latin American economies still dependent on Europe after independence in the early 1800s?

Question 66

Cartels had which of the following impacts on European industry?

A)They encouraged industrial competition.
B)They reduced industrial competition.
C)They sold most of their goods in new, modern department stores.

Question 67

In the nineteenth century, how are Europe's wealthy elite best described?

A)They formed about 50 percent of the population.
B)They controlled between 30 and 40 percent of its wealth.
C)They still primarily represented the traditional aristocratic landed classes.

Question 68

Was nationalism or industrialization more likely to lead to violence in the nineteenth century? Why?

Question 69

Of the total European population, the working classes numbered about which percentage?

A)25 percent
B)80 percent
C)50 percent

Question 70

Was the late nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century progressive movement successful? Why or why not?

Question 71

Which was more alluring to Europeans, Marxism or nationalism? Why? Did this vary by class?

Question 72

What similarities and differences are there between Italian and German unification?

Question 73

Whose work changed our understanding of the world more, Einstein's or Darwin's? Why?