Deck 4: Physics of Matter

Question 1

The particle that orbits the central core inside an atom is the electron.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The positively charged particle inside an atom is the nucleus.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The difference between the pressures inside and outside a tire is called the absolute pressure.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The element symbol C stands for cobalt.

Question 5

An atomizer works because of Bernoulli's principle.

Question 6

Gases and liquids are both fluids.

Question 7

The brakes in a car work because of Pascal's principle.

Question 8

A device that measures absolute air pressure is called a barometer.

Question 9

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom tells which element it is.

Question 10

The central core inside an atom is the neutron.

Question 11

An ionized gas is called a plasma.

Question 12

The buoyant force that keeps a ship afloat is an example of Pascal's principle.

Question 13

The uncharged particle inside an atom is a neutron.

Question 14

When an object floats in a liquid, the buoyant force is larger than the weight of the object.

Question 15

The four states of matter are solid, fluid, gas, and plasma.

Question 16

An atom having a single proton in its nucleus is a hydrogen atom.

Question 17

The SI unit of pressure is the pascal.

Question 18

psi is a unit of force.

Question 19

The upward force exerted by a fluid on an object immersed in it is called the buoyant pressure.

Question 20

A plasma will conduct electricity.

Question 21

Two pistons push down on the fluid filling two cylinders connected by a narrow hose, as shown in the figure. The area A ₁ is 1 square inch, and the area A ₂ is 10 square inches. A force of 4 pounds is exerted downward on piston 1, as shown.
The pressure on A ₂ is 40 psi.

Question 22

If the volume of a container is decreased while the mass and temperature of the gas inside it stay constant, the pressure will increase.

Question 23

You press a stick that has a varying cross-sectional area horizontally between the palms of your hands. The area of the stick pushing against your left palm is twice the area of the stick pushing against your right palm.
The force on your left palm is twice than the force on your right palm.

Question 24

A person weighing 200 pounds stands on snowshoes. If the area of each snowshoe is 400 square inches, the pressure on the snow is 0.25 psi.

Question 25

Two pistons push down on the fluid filling two cylinders connected by a narrow hose, as shown in the figure. The area A ₁ is 1 square inch, and the area A ₂ is 10 square inches. A force of 4 pounds is exerted downward on piston 1, as shown.
The pressure on A ₁ is 4 psi.

Question 26

You press a stick that has a varying cross-sectional area horizontally between the palms of your hands. The area of the stick pushing against your left palm is twice the area of the stick pushing against your right palm.
The pressure on your left palm is one half the pressure on your right palm.

Question 27

Two pistons push down on the fluid filling two cylinders connected by a narrow hose, as shown in the figure. The area A ₁ is 1 square inch, and the area A ₂ is 10 square inches. A force of 4 pounds is exerted downward on piston 1, as shown.
The force F ₂ needed to keep piston 2 in place is 40 pounds.

Question 28

The air we breathe is mostly oxygen.

Question 29

The altimeter in an aircraft is an aneroid barometer.

Question 30

When a 4-cubic-ft block of wood floats in a fluid whose weight density is 60 pounds per cubic foot, 3/4 of the block's volume is submerged. The buoyant force on the block is 60 pounds.

Question 31

Water is flowing through a pipe whose cross-sectional area at point A is larger than the cross-sectional area at point B . The reading on a pressure gauge connected to the pipe at point A will be lower than the reading on a pressure gauge connected to the pipe at point B .

Question 32

Air can be compressed easily because there is a great deal of empty space between air molecules.

Question 33

A tire pressure gauge reads 30 psi when the atmospheric pressure is 14 psi. The net force on 2 square inches of the tire is 60 lbs.

Question 34

A helium balloon rises because of Archimedes' principle.

Question 35

If the outside air pressure decreases, the reading on a tire gauge connected to a tire decreases.

Question 36

Gravity causes the pressure in the ocean to vary with depth.

Question 37

The gauge pressure of the water in a swimming pool at 10 ft is twice the gauge pressure of the water at 5 ft.

Question 38

Atmospheric pressure at an altitude of 10,000 m is exactly half of what it is at 5,000 m.

Question 39

The ratio of the density of a material to the density of water is the weight density.

Question 40

In a flowing fluid, the pressure where the fluid is moving slower is higher than the pressure where the fluid is moving faster.

Question 41

You measure the pressure of a tire in Atlanta, GA and find it to be 35 psi.  If the tire is taken to Denver, CO (with no other changes made) the pressure will read lower in Denver than in Atlanta.

Question 42

The molecule is the basic unit of all

A) elements.
B) compounds.
C) mixtures.
D) solutions.

Question 43

In the chemical formula for water, H ₂O, what does the "2" mean?

A) There are two oxygen (O) atoms in a molecule of water.
B) There are two hydrogen (H) atoms in a molecule of water.
C) The hydrogen in water is actually deuterium.
D) none of the above

Question 44

What elements do the symbols H, O, C, and N stand for?

A) hydrogen, ozone, carbon, nitrogen
B) hydrogen, oxygen, chlorine, nitrogen
C) hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, natrium
D) hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen
E) none of the above

Question 45

The particle that orbits the central core inside an atom is

A) the electron.
B) the proton.
C) the neutron.
D) the nucleus.
E) none of the above.

Question 46

DNA is a complex

A) atom.
B) molecule.
C) life form.
D) mystery.
E) acronym.

Question 47

The upward force exerted by a fluid on an object immersed in it is called

A) gravitational force.
B) atmospheric force.
C) buoyant force.
D) weight.
E) none of the above.

Question 48

When an object floats in a liquid, the buoyant force is ____________ the weight of the object.

A) equal to
B) larger than
C) smaller than
D) not related to

Question 49

The uncharged particle inside an atom is

A) the electron.
B) the proton.
C) the neutron.
D) the nucleus.
E) none of the above.

Question 50

Which of the following is not a unit of pressure?

A) atmosphere
B) psi
C) N/m ²
D) mm of mercury
E) pascal
F) none of the above

Question 51

The pressure exerted by a gas is the result of

A) the Bernoulli effect.
B) molecular collisions.
C) Pascal's principle.
D) the ideal gas law.
E) none of the above.

Question 52

If the same-sized force is made to act over a smaller area, the pressure is

A) decreased.
B) increased.
C) unchanged.
D) dependent upon the shape of the area.

Question 53

A device that measures absolute air pressure is called a

A) manometer.
B) barometer.
C) thermometer.
D) tire gauge.
E) none of the above

Question 54

The difference between the pressures inside and outside a tire is called

A) absolute pressure.
B) gauge pressure.
C) atmospheric pressure.
D) psi.
E) none of the above.

Question 55

Carburetors in NASCAR race cars make use of Bernoulli's principle.

Question 56

The positively charged particle inside an atom is

A) the electron.
B) the proton.
C) the neutron.
D) the nucleus.
E) none of the above.

Question 57

A plasma state of matter is

A) a conducting solid.
B) a part of the blood.
C) an ionized gas.
D) a conducting liquid.
E) none of the above.

Question 58

Most modern aircraft use hydraulics systems to move the control surfaces on the aircraft.  This is an example of using Bernoulli's principle.

Question 59

The central core inside an atom is

A) the electron.
B) the proton.
C) the neutron.
D) the nucleus.
E) none of the above.

Question 60

About how big is an atom?

A) too small to measure
B) about a millionth of a meter across
C) about a billionth of a meter across
D) about a trillionth of a meter across
E) none of the above

Question 61

The buoyant force that keeps a ship afloat is an example of

A) Archimedes' principle.
B) Pascal's principle.
C) Bernoulli's principle.
D) Torricelli's principle.
E) none of these principles.

Question 62

The gauge pressure of the water in a swimming pool at 10 ft is ____________ the gauge pressure of the water at 5 ft.

A) 1/4
B) 1/2
C) equal to
D) 2 times
E) 4 times

Question 63

A helium balloon rises because of

A) Archimedes' principle.
B) Pascal's principle.
C) Bernoulli's principle.
D) Torricelli's principle.
E) none of these principles.

Question 64

A tire pressure gauge reads 30 psi when the atmospheric pressure is 14 psi. The net force on 2 square inches of the tire is

A) 28 lbs.
B) 32 lbs.
C) 60 lbs.
D) 88 lbs.
E) none of these.

Question 65

Water is flowing through a pipe whose cross-sectional area at point A is larger than the cross-sectional area at point B . The reading on a pressure gauge connected to the pipe at point A will be _____________ the reading on a pressure gauge connected to the pipe at point B .

A) the same as
B) higher than
C) lower than
D) unrelated to

Question 66

You press a stick that has a varying cross-sectional area horizontally between the palms of your hands. The area of the stick pushing against your left palm is twice the area of the stick pushing against your right palm. The pressure on your left palm is ____________ the pressure on your right palm.

A) 1/4
B) 1/2
C) equal to
D) 2 times
E) 4 times

Question 67

When you suck through a straw, the force that makes the liquid go up the straw is

A) a suction force.
B) due to surface tension.
C) due to the pressure of the atmosphere.
D) antigravity.

Question 68

You press a stick that has a varying cross-sectional area horizontally between the palms of your hands. The area of the stick pushing against your left palm is twice the area of the stick pushing against your right palm. The force on your left palm is __________ the force on your right palm.

A) 1/4
B) 1/2
C) equal to
D) 2 times
E) 4 times

Question 69

What elements do the symbols Fe, Na, Au, and Hg stand for?

A) aluminum, nitrogen, silver, tungsten
B) iron, sulfur, silver, ytterbium
C) iron, sodium, silver, mercury
D) iron, sodium, gold, mercury
E) none of the above

Question 70

The pressure at the bottom of aquarium A is greater than that at the bottom of aquarium B. Why might this be?

A) A is filled with fresh water, B has the same amount of salt water.
B) A is filled to a greater depth than B.
C) A has greater volume than B.
D) The bottom of aquarium A has smaller area than that of B.
E) none of the above

Question 71

An atomizer works because of

A) Archimedes' principle.
B) Pascal's principle.
C) Bernoulli's principle.
D) Torricelli's principle.
E) none of these principles.

Question 72

A solid object labeled A weighs more than another solid object labeled B. Which of the following are true?

A) A occupies more volume than B.
B) A has a greater weight density than B.
C) A has a greater specific gravity than B.
D) A has greater volume but lesser weight density than B.
E) none of the above

Question 73

The brakes in a car work because of

A) Archimedes' principle.
B) Pascal's principle.
C) Bernoulli's principle.
D) Torricelli's principle.
E) none of these principles.

Question 74

When people get into a small boat it settles lower in the water and

A) the buoyant force increases as a result of more water being displaced.
B) the net force on the boat again becomes zero.
C) the pressure on the bottom of the boat becomes greater because it is deeper in the water.
D) all of the above.

Question 75

When a 4-cubic-ft block of wood floats in a fluid whose weight density is 60 pounds per cubic foot, 3/4 of the block's volume is submerged. The buoyant force on the block is

A) 60 lbs.
B) 120 lbs.
C) 180 lbs.
D) 240 lbs.
E) none of the above.

Question 76

If the outside air pressure decreases, the reading on a tire gauge connected to a tire

A) stays the same.
B) increases.
C) decreases.
D) can not be determined.

Question 77

The ratio of the density of a material to the density of water is

A) the  mass density.
B) t he  weight density.
C) t he  specific gravity.
D) t he buoyant force.
E) none of the above.

Question 78

A person weighing 200 pounds stands on snowshoes. If the area of each snowshoe is 400 square inches, the pressure on the snow is

A) 0.25 psi.
B) 0.5 psi.
C) 2 psi.
D) 4 psi.
E) none of the above.

Question 79

Two inflated balloons are of identical size and shape, but one is filled with hydrogen, the other helium. Which has the larger buoyant force on it?

A) neither-the buoyant forces must be equal
B) the helium balloon
C) the hydrogen balloon
D) It can't be determined.

Question 80

How many elements have been identified?

A) 92
B) 104
C) 114
D) over 200
E) none of the above