Deck 1: The Background of Microbiology

Question 1

Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements.
___________ are tiny hair-like projections that help expel foreign particles from the respiratory tract.

Answer 1

Cilia

Question 2

Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements.
Cells involved in the body's immune response utilize a process called ______________ to ingest microorganisms.

Answer 2

phagocytosis

Question 3

Select the best response to the question. Which of the following patients is at high risk of becoming ill from a pathogen with low virulence?

A) A patient who has had very few illnesses.
B) A patient with otitis media (ear infection).
C) A patient with a laceration.
D) A patient with cancer undergoing chemotherapy.

Answer 3

A patient with cancer undergoing chemotherapy.

Question 4

Select the best response to the question. Which of the following is characteristic of a virus?

A) Has both beneficial and harmful forms.
B) Does not contain a nucleus.
C) Uses the host cell's reproductive system.
D) Cannot exist outside of a living host.

Question 5

Select the best response to the question. The nucleus of a cell is responsible for which of the following functions?

A) protecting the integrity of the cell
B) maintaining the shape of the cell
C) production and storage of energy
D) controlling the cell's activities

Question 7

Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements.
______________ recognize antigens located on the pathogens' cell walls.

Question 8

Most microorganisms in the body have the potential to cause illness.

Question 9

Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements.
The reproductive process through which a cell divides into two equal parts is ______________.

Question 10

Select the best response to the question. All of the following are functions of the cell membrane EXCEPT:

A) protecting the cell from the environment.
B) allowing nutrients into the cell.
C) allowing waste removal from the cell.
D) maintaining cell shape.

Question 11

Select the best response to the question. You are reviewing a patient's sputum culture results that have tested positive for S taphylococcus epidermidis . How do you interpret these findings?

A) This is part of the patient's normal flora.
B) The patient has a respiratory infection.
C) The patient's sputum is no longer sterile.
D) The results are inconclusive.

Question 12

Some bacteria form a capsule or slime layer around their cell wall in order to promote motility.

Question 13

Select the best response to the question. What should be considered when a patient's urine culture result is positive for Escherichia coli ?

A) This is a normal finding; no treatment is needed.
B) The urine culture must be repeated to validate the findings.
C) Normal flora is causing infection in a part of the body where it doesn't belong.
D) This is an example of a pathogen that has invaded the body.

Question 14

Select the best response to the question. Thoroughly cleaning a patient's room after discharge helps limit the spread of disease by:

A) direct contact.
B) indirect contact.
C) airborne transmission.
D) common vehicle transmission.

Question 15

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question.
______________ include cells from humans, animals, plants, protozoa, fungi, and most algae.

Question 16

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question. Which of the following are found in prokaryotic cells?

A) nucleus
B) cell membrane
C) cell wall
D) DNA

Question 17

Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements.
The dilatation of blood vessels allowing the passage of fluid, antibodies, and WBCs into the infected body area is known as ______________.

Question 18

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question. Which of the following are examples of protective barriers in the body?

A) white blood cells
B) normal digestive flora
C) phagocytes
D) oil and sweat on skin

Question 19

Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements.
The severity of disease produced by a pathogen is referred to as ____________.

Question 20

Previous exposure to a disease is necessary to trigger the body's innate immune response.

Question 21

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question. Which of the following are necessary for energy production within the mitochondria of a cell?

A) lysosomes
B) glucose
C) oxygen
D) proteins

Question 22

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question. The ability of an organism to cause infection is determined by:

A) the organism's virulence.
B) the portal of entry.
C) the status of the host's immune system.
D) the number of organisms.

Question 23

Phagocytes are both mobile and found in fixed locations throughout the body.

Question 24

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question. Which of the following statements are true regarding cell-mediated immune response?

A) B-cells play a key role in this process.
B) T-cells play a key role in this process.
C) Protects against viruses and fungi.
D) Protects against bacteria and toxins.

Question 25

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question. The adaptive immune response includes:

A) cell-mediated immune response.
B) innate immune response.
C) humoral immune response.
D) antigen immune response.

Question 26

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question. Which of the following are "kingdoms" used for classification of living organisms?

A) microbes
B) animal
C) plant
D) protista