Deck 2: Medical Microbiology

Question 1

Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements. 
__________________ antibiotics inhibit the replication of microorganisms and prevent the growth of the organism without destroying them.

Answer 1

Bacteriostatic

Question 2

Select the best response to the question. Which of the following statements describes the "Golden Age of Microbiology?"

A) Leeuwenhoek developed the microscope.
B) Aseptic techniques such as hand washing were first promoted.
C) Most agents of bacterial disease were identified and cultivated.
D) Jenner developed the smallpox vaccine.

Answer 2

Most agents of bacterial disease were identified and cultivated.

Question 3

Place the following developments in microbiology in order from earliest to the most recent. 1: Koch presented the germ theory of disease.  , 2: Leeuwenhoek developed the microscope.  , 3: Fleming identified and developed penicillin.  , 4: Semmelweis utilized hand washing as an antiseptic procedure.

A) 3, 2, 4, 1
B) 2, 1, 3, 4
C) 4, 2, 1, 3
D) 3, 1, 4, 2
E) 4, 1, 2, 3

Answer 3

3, 1, 4, 2

Question 4

Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements. 
Tuberculosis, botulism, and tetanus are examples of diseases caused by rod-shaped bacteria known as ______________.

Question 5

Most antibiotics are bactericidal at low concentrations.

Question 6

Select the best response to the question. Which of the following is a clinical indication for the use of a broad spectrum antibiotic?

A) The pathogen is virulent.
B) The host is immunocompromised.
C) The pathogen is anaerobic.
D) The pathogen has not yet been identified.

Question 7

Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements. 
______________ is the study of disease patterns and the spread of disease within a population.

Question 8

The species name is given to a group of bacteria with similar characteristics.

Question 10

Select the best response to the question. Which of the following is an important advantage of the broth dilution method over the disk diffusion method of susceptibility testing?

A) The testing is less expensive and less labor intensive .
B) It can identify the drug concentration or dosage needed to inhibit organism growth.
C) It can identify a "zone of inhibition" that is compared to established standards to determine sensitivity .
D) The results are identified more rapidly.

Question 11

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question. Which of the following are characteristics of binary fission?

A) It is a form of asexual reproduction.
B) It is a form of sexual reproduction.
C) The cell divides its DNA and other organelles.
D) The cell divides itself in half.

Question 12

Place the steps for the disk diffusion method of susceptibility testing in the correct order. 1: Antibiotic-containing paper disks are placed on the bacteria.  , 2: Determinations of sensitivity or resistance are made.  , 3: Bacteria are cultured and grown in a petri dish.  , 4: Areas without bacterial growth are measured.

A) 3, 2, 4, 1
B) 2, 1, 3, 4
C) 4, 2, 1, 3
D) 2, 4, 1, 3
E) 4, 1, 2, 3

Question 13

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question. Which of the following rules are followed when naming bacterial cells?

A) The genus and species names are italicized.
B) The genus and species names are underlined.
C) The genus name is capitalized and written first.
D) The species name is capitalized and written first.

Question 14

Select the best response to the question. You are preparing a hospitalized patient for discharge home. What are the important instructions to include in your discharge medication teaching?

A) To take the prescribed antibiotic only as long as symptoms are present to decrease the risk of antibiotic resistance.
B) To vary the administration times of the antibiotic according to the severity of symptoms.
C) To take all of the prescribed antibiotics to decrease the risk of antibiotic resistance and disease recurrence.
D) To continue the antibiotic only if the patient's fever returns.

Question 15

Select the best response to the question. What is the purpose of a simple stain?

A) To identify gram-negative bacteria.
B) To provide additional information about the cell based on the composition of the cell wall.
C) To identify gram-positive bacteria.
D) To provide contrast to better illustrate the structure and arrangement of bacterial cells.

Question 17

Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements. 
Bacteria can produce __________ that are highly resistant forms of the organism that develop in response to adverse environmental conditions.

Question 18

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question. Which of the following techniques are followed when preparing a culture?

A) Any mixed cultures must be separated into subcultures until only one species is present.
B) The sample is spread on the media in a specific pattern that divides the plate into four quadrants.
C) The plate is stored bottom up to prevent condensation from dripping into the colonies.
D) The plate is stored in an incubator to allow optimal growth.

Question 19

Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements. 
A ________________ is a group of microbes growing in a nutrient-rich environment.