Deck 28: Blood Product Transfusion

Question 1

____ occurs when the patient receives more volume of blood products than can be handled by the circulatory system.

A) TACO
B) TRALI
C) TALI
D) TACI

Answer 1

TACO

Question 2

Individuals with Type AB blood are called universal donors.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The ____ outlines the process the body uses to manufacture fibrin and fibrinogen.

A) coagulation scale
B) coagulation map
C) coagulation cycle
D) coagulation cascade

Answer 3

coagulation cascade

Question 4

White blood cells, or ____, function as part of the immune system to react to foreign challenges.

A) erythrocytes
B) thrombocytes
C) leukocytes
D) lipoproteins

Question 5

Regardless of the transfusion reaction identified by the Paramedic, the first key step is to stop the transfusion, change the tubing, and flush the line with normal saline.

Question 6

Allergic reactions can occur due to MAST cell activation in the recipient's blood once exposed to the donor's blood, and are seen in up to 1% of transfusions.

Question 7

The Paramedic should record vital signs, including temperature, at ____-minute intervals during transfer.

A) 10
B) 15
C) 20
D) 30

Question 8

Carl Walter and W. P. Murphy, Jr. introduced the plastic bag for blood collection in 1940.

Question 9

Red blood cells, also known as ____, are small doughnut-shaped cells which act to transport oxygen from the lungs to the cells.

A) leukocytes
B) erythrocytes
C) thrombocytes
D) lymphocytes

Question 10

____ factors are proteins that act to attract platelets to each other to build platelet plugs.

A) Agitating
B) Coagulation
C) Dissolving
D) Denaturing

Question 11

The shelf life of a unit of blood at room temperature is approximately ____ minutes.

A) 15
B) 30
C) 45
D) 60

Question 12

____ is defined as a new acute lung injury that occurs within six hours of a transfusion and is directly related to the transfusion.

A) TALI
B) TACO
C) TRALI
D) TACI

Question 13

____ is the protein portion of plasma made up of concentrated clotting factors in a much smaller volume than FFP.

A) Cryoprecipitate
B) Lipoprecipitate
C) Hemoprecipitate
D) Leukoprecipitate

Question 14

Hypocalcemia may occur due to infusions with irradiated red blood cells.

Question 15

____ is the manufacturing process the body uses to create the three main solid components of blood.

A) Acidosis
B) Granulopoiesis
C) Apoptosis
D) Hematopoiesis

Question 16

Most blood products should be stored at a temperature between 10°C and 16°C.

Question 17

The clumping causes the red blood cells to break apart, a process called hemolysis.

Question 18

The first recorded transfusion took place in 1665, when English physician Richard Lower started transfusing blood between dogs in his experiments.

Question 19

The first human-to-human transfusion was performed in 1795 by Dr. Philip Physick, a surgeon in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Question 20

Bacterial contamination of blood products is estimated to occur at a rate of 1 in every 500,000 units of platelets and 1 in every 15,000 units of PRBCs.

Question 21

All three of the major types of blood cells develop from the same ____________________, which is the generic stem cell for blood cells.

Question 22

____________________ may result from multiple transfusions due to the citrate preservative binding serum calcium and is indicated by circumoral tingling and tremors.

Question 23

The ____________________ measures the ratio between the volume of the solid components of blood compared against both its solid and liquid components, listed as a percentage (solid/total).

Question 24

A(n) ____________________ reaction is one of the most serious transfusion reactions and most often occurs as a result of an A-B-O incompatibility.

Question 25

Type ____________________ blood is sometimes termed the universal donor.