Deck 9: Burn Trauma

Question 1

One of the earliest signs of hypoxia is a lowered pulse rate.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Death from burns is the third leading cause of unintentional death in children ages one to four.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Acids physically break down proteins through a process of hydrolysis that changes proteins into their base amino acids, thereby destroying them in the process. This process is called ____.

A) necrotizing fasciitis
B) coagulation necrosis
C) saponification
D) liquefaction necrosis

Answer 3

coagulation necrosis

Question 4

Flashes from an arc are not hot enough to ignite clothing.

Question 5

Anhydrous ammonia is poorly soluble in water and is therefore resistant to irrigation during decontamination.

Question 6

Although it is difficult to separate death from fire and death from smoke inhalation, it is known that ____ of burn deaths will occur in the first ten days following the incident.

A) 25%
B) 50%
C) 75%
D) 90%

Question 7

____ is commonly mixed in cement in a two-thirds concentration.

A) Anhydrous ammonia
B) Ammonium hydroxide
C) Calcium oxide
D) Hydrofluoric acid

Question 8

At temperatures above ____, biochemical reactions within the cells start to malfunction.

A) 18°C
B) 28°C
C) 38°C
D) 48°C

Question 9

Any transmission line that carries more than 1,000V is called a high tension line.

Question 10

Wallace's rule of nines divides the body into nine quadrants.

Question 11

____ burns can be the result of exposure to flames, steam, molten liquids, or contact with a hot object.

A) Electrical
B) Thermal
C) Radiation
D) Chemical

Question 12

A small amount of anhydrous ammonia gas escaping from a commercial cooler, such as used in a grocery store warehouse, can put civilians living downwind at great risk of potential toxic exposures.

Question 13

Not all resistance to electrical flow creates heat as a byproduct.

Question 14

____ is commonly used in the manufacture of fertilizers, pesticides, solvents, and high-octane fuels.

A) Hydrofluoric acid
B) Ammonium hydroxide
C) Anhydrous ammonia
D) Calcium oxide

Question 15

____, which can be imagined as a hot knife running through butter, literally melts the skin as it proceeds and allows for deeper penetration of the alkali into the deeper tissue.

A) Necrotizing fasciitis
B) Liquefaction necrosis
C) Dessication
D) Saponification

Question 16

____ is a colorless gas with a pungent smell that is recognized by most as a cleaning product for drains and as an oven cleaner at concentrations as low as three parts per million (ppm).

A) Calcium oxide
B) Anhydrous ammonia
C) Silica
D) Hydrofluoric acid

Question 17

A(n) ____ burn is a burn that destroys organic tissue through a chemical process.

A) adaptic
B) caustic
C) thermal
D) radiant

Question 18

Blisters are thin-walled sacks of fluid that develop on the skin.

Question 19

All cases of chemical exposure to the eyes should be treated as a chemical burn.

Question 20

____ are weak organic acids created from coal tar, through a process called fractional distillation.

A) Oxides
B) Phenols
C) Ammonias
D) Hydrofluorics

Question 21

A common unit of measurement which measures the difference between the two electrical poles in an electrical pathway or circuit, as well as the strength of the current, is called the ____.

A) amperage
B) voltage
C) wattage
D) ohm

Question 22

According to Jackson's thermal burn theory and zones of injury, the outermost ring of a burn is generally superficial and is called the zone of ____.

A) coagulation
B) stasis
C) hyperemia
D) remodeling

Question 23

Alternating current electricity cyclically reverses the electrical current, usually at ____ hertz (Hz) or cycles per second, adding efficiency to the transmission of electricity.

A) 20
B) 30
C) 60
D) 90

Question 24

Electrical resistance is measured in ____.

A) ohms
B) watts
C) amperes
D) volts

Question 25

Which of the following best describes the signs of hydrofluoric acid exposure?

A) Redness, localized edema, and possible blistering
B) Painless white cutaneous covering
C) Burning in the oropharynx and nasopharynx as well as fits of coughing
D) Burning throat, persistent cough, and complaints of shortness of breath

Question 26

The most effective first aid for calcium oxide exposure is to ____.

A) irrigate with large quantities of water
B) brush it away
C) blot with small quantities of water
D) apply benzalkonium chloride

Question 27

According to Jackson's thermal burn theory and zones of injury, in the center of the burn wound is the zone of ____, the area of direct tissue destruction.

A) stasis
B) coagulation
C) hyperemia
D) wreckage

Question 28

Which of the following would be most likely to emit nitrogen dioxide?

A) Diesel, lacquers, and wallpaper
B) Petroleum products
C) Polyurethane and nitrocellulose
D) Coal

Question 29

According to Ohm's law: ____.

A) Current = Voltage \ Resistance
B) Current = Voltage + Resistance
C) Current = Voltage - Resistance
D) Current = Voltage * Resistance

Question 30

The amount of the electrical current in an electrical pathway or circuit is called the ____.

A) frontage
B) wattage
C) voltage
D) amperage

Question 31

If an object opposes passage of electrical current, it is called a ____.

A) conductor
B) resistor
C) semiconductor
D) modulator

Question 32

An abnormal high-pitched musical sound in the throat is called ____.

A) asphyxia
B) stridor
C) saponification
D) hypoxia

Question 33

____ burns involve the outermost layer of the skin.

A) Superficial
B) Partial thickness
C) Deep
D) Full thickness

Question 34

Which of the following best describes the signs of phenol exposure?

A) Painless white cutaneous covering
B) Redness, localized edema, and possible blistering
C) Nausea and vomiting
D) Burning in the oropharynx and nasopharynx as well as fits of coughing

Question 35

If electricity flows freely through the object, the object is called a(n) ____.

A) insulator
B) resistor
C) ground
D) conductor