Deck 13: Islam

Question 1

Describe the conditions in Pre-Islamic Arabia that proved conducive to the doctrines of Muhammad. Did Islam succeed because of the pen, the sword, or both?

Answer 1

Answer not provided.

Question 2

Muhammad's preaching about women

A) taught that women and men were equal.
B) acknowledged certain basic rights for women.
C) rendered women legally powerless.
D) insisted on the wearing of veils.
E) implied that women were to serve their husbands at all times.

Answer 2

acknowledged certain basic rights for women.

Question 3

Muhammad and his followers eventually were able to establish their headquarters in Mecca for good after

A) he publicly recanted his opposition to the worship of various gods at the Ka'ba.
B) he affected trade with Mecca by attacking caravans, to the point that city leaders had to deal with him.
C) most of those who had opposed him became converts.
D) he declared jihad against Mecca, and he and his followers seemed on the verge of winning.
E) most of those who opposed him had died.

Answer 3

he affected trade with Mecca by attacking caravans, to the point that city leaders had to deal with him.

Question 4

After being introduced into places such as Syria and Lebanon, Islam quickly became the dominant religion there, often in response to

A) the sharp divisions within Christianity.
B) the exclusionary practices of the Jews.
C) major military assaults that were unrivaled in their viciousness.
D) the promise of economic success held out to those who converted peacefully.
E) the leadership of Abu Bakr.

Question 5

Mecca in Muhammad's time could best be described as

A) a haven for thieves and lawbreakers.
B) a cosmopolitan center of trade.
C) one of the least religious cities in Arabia.
D) open to new religious views.
E) accepting of the new precepts of Islam.

Question 6

Precisely what is the Jihad? Elaborate on its significance.

Question 7

List and explain factors that might account for the effectiveness of Muslim rule in conquered territory beyond Arabia.

Question 8

This question number was omitted in the printed copy of the test bank. To maintain the integrity of the numbering system between the printed copy and ExamView, this question has been marked "do not use on test" in ExamView's question information dialog.

A) not available
B) not available
C) not available
D) not available
E) all of the above

Question 9

According to Islam, the rules for righteous living included which of the following?

A) a hajj once every five years
B) dietary restrictions against meat
C) prayer ten times daily
D) giving help to the poor through alms
E) a week of fasting each six months

Question 10

This question number was omitted in the printed copy of the test bank. To maintain the integrity of the numbering system between the printed copy and ExamView, this question has been marked "do not use on test" in ExamView's question information dialog.

A) not available
B) not available
C) not available
D) not available
E) all of the above

Question 11

The economic crisis facing the Arabs at the time of Muhammad seems to have been caused by

A) a lack of rainfall.
B) overpopulation.
C) a disease that ravaged the flocks.
D) a decline in gold supplies from Africa.
E) invading armies.

Question 12

The Ka'ba was known best by Muhammad's time for its

A) healing properties.
B) representation of Allah.
C) animistic spiritual qualities.
D) beauty and grandeur.
E) beautiful artwork.

Question 13

Explain the origins of the Shi'ite-Sunni split. What have been the major effects of this situation?

Question 14

The merchants of Mecca profited a great deal from the thousands of people who came to the city each year to

A) hear Muhammad preach.
B) worship at the Ka'ba.
C) seek new wives.
D) visit Muhammad's grave.
E) renew their commitment to Allah.

Question 15

Which of these statements is true of jihad ?

A) Jihad means to strive against the desire for worldly goods.
B) All Muslims are commanded by God to participate in jihads .
C) Participating in a jihad was one way for young men to attain adulthood.
D) A jihad always involved a military holy war.
E) Dying in a jihad assured one of an eternal reward.

Question 16

The element that proved most compelling in the success of the jihad was

A) the promise of heaven.
B) an economic crisis.
C) hatred of non-Arabs.
D) division among Muslim opponents.
E) the promise of seventy virgins.

Question 17

Describe and discuss the major achievements of the Ummayads, and also of the Abbasids.

Question 18

The Arabic word "Islam" means, literally,

A) submission.
B) holy war.
C) conversion.
D) son of Allah.
E) acceptance.

Question 19

The Muslim calendar is based on

A) the birth of Muhammad.
B) the year of Muhammad's triumphant return to Mecca.
C) the year in which Muhammad instituted the jihad .
D) the death of the prophet Muhammad.
E) the year of Muhammad's flight to Medina.

Question 20

Which of the following was not a reason for the success of Muhammad and his followers in spreading Islam?

A) The faith was simple to explain and to understand.
B) Believers were promised an eternal reward for their faithfulness.
C) Islam's moral and ethical code attracted many who disliked the dissension of Christianity and the complexities of Judaism.
D) The Five Pillars of Faith were easier to hold to than were the Ten Commandments.
E) The doctrine of salvation that Muhammad preached gave believers a single, living God who promised never to fail them.

Question 21

This question number was omitted in the printed copy of the test bank. To maintain the integrity of the numbering system between the printed copy and ExamView, this question has been marked "do not use on test" in ExamView's question information dialog.

A) Not available
B) not Available
C) not aVailable
D) nOt available
E) all of the above

Question 22

Define and discuss the main doctrines of Islam. How might Muhammad be considered a reformer?

Question 23

Which of the following is not one of the Five Pillars of Islam?

A) frequent and regular prayer to Allah
B) fasting as prescribed times
C) almsgiving
D) a pilgrimage to Mecca if one is able
E) taking up arms against the infidel

Question 24

Islam was transformed into a true world religion by the

A) Shi'ites.
B) Abbasids.
C) Sufis.
D) Umayyads.
E) Qur'aish.

Question 25

The spread of the Islamic empire was halted in 733 at

A) Córdoba, Spain.
B) Lyons, France.
C) Madrid, Spain.
D) Cairo, Egypt.
E) Tours, France.

Question 26

Muhammad's teaching was written down after his death in the ____________________.

Question 27

The assassination of Ali, the Fourth Caliph, resulted in

A) the formation of the Abbasid Dynasty.
B) a civil war that lasted for one hundred years.
C) the establishment of a system for selecting caliphs that pleased both groups.
D) the establishment of the Umayyad Dynasty.
E) the capital city of Islam being moved back to Mecca from Medina.

Question 28

The caliph Uthman is known for

A) his bloodthirstiness in battle.
B) implementing the first jihad .
C) ordering a new, official version of the Qur'an.
D) establishing a new capital city at Baghdad.
E) founding the Abbasid Dynasty.

Question 29

The first caliph was

A) Abu Bakr.
B) Muhammad.
C) Omar.
D) Abbas.
E) Ali.

Question 30

During the Umayyad Dynasty, conquered peoples were often converted to Islam if they

A) were among the majority of those who were peasants.
B) had some special wealth or prestige to bring into the Muslim community.
C) asked for conversion.
D) appeared to be at risk of rebelling against their oppressors otherwise.
E) lived in the cities and would have sufficient access to places of worship.

Question 31

The Non-Muslims who were considered to be closer to an understanding of the truth and, therefore, more privileged, were known as ____________________, or ____________________ of the ____________________.

Question 32

As conquered subjects of the Muslims, local Christian and Jewish merchants and artists

A) paid extremely high taxes to the occupiers.
B) were, for the most part, able to carry on their daily lives much as they had before.
C) were excluded from the international trade networks.
D) received less business than did their Muslim neighbors.
E) were especially pressured to convert to Islam.

Question 33

Muhammad's religious awakening came

A) as a result of a childhood experience.
B) in his middle years, after a series of visions.
C) in response to the Christian conquest of Mecca.
D) after an encounter with a wandering holy man.
E) after his rejection of the Jewish faith.

Question 34

Shi'ite Muslims insist that the only rightful caliphs are descendants of

A) Omar.
B) Harun.
C) Abu Bakr.
D) Muhammad.
E) Muawiya.

Question 35

Muhammad's son-in-law, the last "orthodox" caliph according to Shi'ites, was ____________________.

Question 36

Following the murder of Ali,

A) the Muslim world devolved into civil war.
B) the Abbasid Dynasty came to power.
C) the Kharijites came to power.
D) the Sunni sect lost some of its influence.
E) the Umayyad Dynasty was founded.

Question 37

The "Peoples of the Book," more favored under Islamic rule than other non-Muslims, were the

A) Christians, Jews, and Hindus.
B) Christians, Jews, and Zoroastrians.
C) Animists, Christians, and Jews.
D) Christians, Buddhists, and Jews.
E) Christians, Hindus, and Zoroastrians.

Question 38

The main problem faced by the Abbasid Empire was

A) its inability to quell political unrest.
B) the failure to convert captured peoples to Islam.
C) a poor economy.
D) its size and diversity.
E) who should succeed to the position of caliph.

Question 39

Muhammad's death in 632 resulted in

A) persecution for his followers.
B) an uncertainty as to how to go about recording his verbal teachings.
C) a sharp division among the faithful as to how future leaders should be selected, and what their qualifications should be.
D) a great deal of concern among the faithful that God might no longer bless them.
E) the selection of Omar as the first caliph.

Question 40

Until 750, the social prestige and position of the Arab Bedouins

A) varied according to their wealth.
B) was sometimes below even that of slaves.
C) was at the top of the pyramid.
D) was above that of the dhimmis but below that of converts.
E) was lower than that of the dhimmis.

Question 41

Generally, non-Muslims found Islamic rule to be

A) harsh and oppressive.
B) lax and inefficient.
C) tolerant and flexible.
D) bigoted and intolerant.
E) restrictive and upsetting.

Question 42

The Umayyad leader Muawiya would best be described as

A) clearheaded and cautious.
B) an austere, quiet leader.
C) a capable statesman.
D) diligent but unimaginative.
E) adventurous and somewhat careless.

Question 43

The Pilgrimage to Mecca is referred to as the ____________________.

Question 44

In Islam, Muhammad is seen as the ultimate prophet of ____________________.

Question 45

When his life was threatened, Muhammad undertook a dramatic flight from Mecca to ____________________.

Question 46

The supporters of Muawiya and the Ummayads developed into the ____________________ sect of Islam.

Question 47

The pagan Meccans laid great stress on the holy qualities of the ____________________ ____________________ in Mecca.

Question 48

The ____________________ dynasty turned away from an all-Arab elite within religion and government.

Question 49

During the Umayyad period, those at the top of society were descendants of the old ____________________ ____________________.