Deck 20: Late Medieval Troubles

Question 1

Among those who contracted the Plague in Europe, what proportion died?

A) one out of four
B) one out of two
C) two out of three
D) three out of four
E) one out of three

Answer 1

two out of three

Question 2

The bubonic plague known as the Black Death originated in

A) South America.
B) Central Asia.
C) the Mediterranean.
D) North Africa.
E) East Africa.

Answer 2

Central Asia.

Question 3

Describe ways in which unhappy individuals attempted to reform the Medieval Church. How successful were they? Provide specific examples to support your evaluation.

Answer 3

Answer not provided.

Question 4

The Hundred Years' War was a conflict between

A) England and France.
B) Edward III and Philip VI.
C) French nobles and the French crown.
D) both a and b
E) all of the above

Question 5

Which of these served to "level" members of society as a result of the Hundred Years' War?

A) longbows
B) armored knights
C) the cannon
D) both a and b
E) both a and c

Question 6

Assess the cultural and scientific environment of late Medieval Europe.

Question 7

As a result of the Black Death, the harsh serfdom in Western Europe

A) became more oppressive.
B) died out.
C) was slightly relaxed.
D) was substantially relaxed.
E) became more important in providing workers.

Question 8

The battle of Crecy initiated a military revolution through the English use of

A) noble horsemen.
B) artillery and longbows.
C) catapults and cavalry.
D) boiling oil.
E) the trebuchet.

Question 9

The focal point of everyday medieval life was the

A) guildhall, where craftspeople gathered to exchange news.
B) the university, from whence all new ideas sprang.
C) the family unit, because people lived in fairly isolated areas.
D) the manor house, where all decisions about the household and the serfs were made.
E) the church, which gave all people a sense of belonging.

Question 10

During the 14^th and 15^th centuries, European Christian art revealed a fascination with death, probably because

A) Islam and Christianity were at war in parts of Europe.
B) the Black Death had caused morbid fascination with the subject.
C) Christians, unlike Muslims, could create art that showed the human form.
D) they believed that many more might have to die to appease a vengeful God.
E) All of these are equally valid reasons.

Question 11

After the Hundred Years' War, the most important element in battles would become

A) the longbow, which kept combatants at a greater distance from each other.
B) the cavalry, which could maneuver better than other fighting units.
C) the element of surprise, which would lead to preemptive strikes.
D) hand to hand combat, resulting in more aftereffects among the survivors.
E) the infantry, due to the fact that individuals could forage off the land if necessary.

Question 12

Discuss the significant forces that generated change in Medieval society, and assess the implications of those changes.

Question 13

Pope Innocent III

A) has been called the greatest medieval Pope.
B) brought an end to the Great Schism.
C) held great sway over numerous European monarchs.
D) both a and b
E) both a and c

Question 14

Scholars long believed that the Black Death was brought into Europe by

A) returning pilgrims from Palestine.
B) refugees from Spain.
C) Muslim armies.
D) Italian trading ships.
E) Jews fleeing persecution in Russia.

Question 15

During what climatologists call the Little Ice Age,

A) people in much of northern Europe migrated southward.
B) the climate changed dramatically, with much of Europe experiencing colder, drier summers.
C) Europeans were forced to develop ways to use marginal lands such as marshes.
D) Europe experienced about five centuries of a colder, wetter climate.
E) the changed climate hit Europe especially hard during the 1400s.

Question 16

As a result of the Hundred Years' War,

A) the French parliament was weakened.
B) the English parliament became weaker.
C) the English crown became more powerful.
D) the French kings finally allowed the summoning of a national assembly.
E) Edward III was able to bend Parliament to his will.

Question 17

The Hundred Years' War took place

A) throughout Europe.
B) in both England and France.
C) only in France.
D) only in England.
E) in France, England, and in the English Channel.

Question 18

Explain how the great disasters of the 14^th century acted as catalysts for social change. Discuss specific events and their repercussions.

Question 19

Explain the disillusionment with the Medieval Church that arose in the 14^th and 15^th centuries. Describe specific points of controversy.

Question 20

In the aftermath of the plague,

A) the volume of trade increased somewhat.
B) controls were placed on wages and prices.
C) survivors became healthier and more prosperous.
D) tax revenues increased.
E) serfdom became more common.

Question 21

The Babylonian Captivity

A) was the period during which Popes resided in Avignon, France, rather than in Rome.
B) witnessed the removal of the Papacy to parts of Eastern Europe.
C) was so named because Europe was having to fight off incursions by the Muslims.
D) occurred during the Hundred Years' War, during which harsh fighting forced several Popes to flee Rome and hide in the countryside.
E) brought to an end the Great Schism.

Question 22

John Ball was actively involved in

A) hunting down heretics.
B) Defensor Pacis.
C) the Council of Constance.
D) the Lollard Rebellion.
E) the Avignon conspiracy.

Question 23

The focus of alchemy during the medieval era was an attempt to

A) discover the laws of chemistry.
B) develop the practice of hypnosis.
C) turn base metals into gold and silver.
D) figure out a way to manipulate unknown quantities in mathematics.
E) change the way surgery was performed.

Question 24

Clement V took up residence in France because

A) the climate there was better.
B) he became close friends with the French monarch.
C) he was French and was persuaded to remain in his home country.
D) the French monarch forced him to do so.
E) a power struggle was taking place in Rome, and he believed the Pope should remain above it.

Question 25

One consequence of the Hundred Years' War was

A) an increase in the importance of France's parliament.
B) an improvement in England's patterns of trade.
C) an increasing acceptance of chivalry as a way of life.
D) a more important role for the cavalry in battle.
E) the development of a stronger parliament in England.

Question 26

The Council of Constance achieved its goal of

A) settling the issue of who was the rightful Pope.
B) reforming the Catholic Church.
C) eliminating several specific heresies.
D) ridding the Church of corruption.
E) keep the Papacy in Avignon.

Question 27

During the Babylonian Captivity, Popes were under the control\influence of ____________________.

Question 28

Roger Bacon became well-known for

A) helping develop the "experimental method."
B) studying and describing nature.
C) founding the philosophy of metaphysics.
D) authoring the Summa Theologica .
E) translating the writings of Aristotle into English.

Question 29

France was rescued from collapse during the Hundred Years' War by ____________________.

Question 30

During the Great Schism, the English and the Germans mostly supported Urban because

A) they feared the reforms advocated by Clement.
B) he had little affinity for the French.
C) the Scots supported Clement.
D) they believed him to truly be God's choice.
E) he promised to break the hold of the French on the Church.

Question 31

Heretics in southern France espoused beliefs based on the religion of ____________________.

Question 32

During the Great Schism, John Wyclif called upon Christians to

A) take up arms for the man they considered to be the real Pope.
B) stop listening to the dictates of Rome, since both Popes were obviously invalid.
C) demand the right to read the scriptures for themselves to determine what God would have them do.
D) stop going to Mass until the matter was settled.
E) march on Rome to see that the matter was settled.

Question 33

The Council of Constance achieved

A) reform of lax, corrupt church practices.
B) the elimination of heresy.
C) the settlement of the Great Schism.
D) an improvement in university education.
E) a re-writing of the civil code.

Question 34

Throughout the 12^th and 13^th centuries, members of the clergy became increasingly

A) legalistic.
B) charitable.
C) corrupt.
D) devout.
E) literate.

Question 35

A positive outcome of the Black Death was

A) the development of the earliest mass factories.
B) the opening of the guilds to a wider segment of society.
C) the cities becoming less crowded.
D) the beginning of city planning.
E) the development of a greater free market economy in numerous cities.

Question 36

The Popes originally involved in the Great Schism were

A) Boniface and Innocent.
B) Frances and Dominic.
C) Urban and Clement.
D) Philip and Boniface.
E) Clement and Dominic.

Question 37

St. Francis of Assisi's crowning ideal for religious life was ____________________.

Question 38

Which of the following was not a consequence of the Black Death in European affairs?

A) A severe labor shortage
B) Preoccupation with death and guilt
C) Heightened sensitivity to the natural world
D) An increased readiness to rebel against the peasants' lords
E) Declining tax revenues

Question 39

The overall purpose of the trade guilds was

A) to raise wages for journeymen.
B) to stimulate trade.
C) to foster artistic expression.
D) to encourage competition.
E) to ensure economic success for its members.

Question 40

Control of the wool trade in ____________________ is said to have been an economic issue leading up to the Hundred Years' War.

Question 41

St. Thomas Aquinas used the writing of ____________________ as the basis for his Summa Theologica .

Question 42

The first Pope to reside in France rather than Rome was ____________________ ____________________.

Question 43

The Black Death, which is carried by ____________________, arrived in Europe via trading ships from ____________________.

Question 44

____________________ ____________________ were the most awe-inspiring examples of Medieval art.

Question 45

The use of the ____________________ and ____________________ at the Battle of Crecy revolutionized warfare.