Deck 16: Calculation of Dosages

Question 1

How many milliliters (mL) are found in a 1.5 L bag of an intravenous solution?

A) 15 mL
B) 150 mL
C) 1500 mL
D) 15,000 mL

Answer 1

1500 mL

Question 2

A patient is prescribed 15 units of 70/30 insulin to be given subcutaneously every morning. How many units of NPH insulin is the patient receiving per dose?

A) 3.2 units
B) 9.5 units
C) 10.5 units
D) 4.5 units

Answer 2

10.5 units

Question 3

Insulin is ordered and measured in which units?

A) milligrams
B) grams
C) USP units
D) mEq

Answer 3

USP units

Question 4

By federal law, all medications must be identified with the control number, which is also called the

A) serial number
B) lot number
C) batch number
D) identification number

Question 5

A potassium chloride supplement contains 10 mEq per tablet. There are 75 mg of potassium chloride per mEq. How many milligrams are in three 10 mEq tablets?

A) 1150 mg
B) 2000 mg
C) 750 mg
D) 2250 mg

Question 6

What instructions should be given to patients who are prescribed liquid potassium chloride supplements to be administered orally?

A) This medication may cause drowsiness.
B) Mix this medication with water before administration.
C) Take this medication on an empty stomach
D) Avoid dairy products when taking this medication.

Question 7

What is true regarding the dosage form for the product Diltiazem 60 mg ER capsule?

A) The dosage form can be crushed and mixed with food.
B) The dosage should never be split.
C) The capsules are scored.
D) The capsules can be opened for easier administration.

Question 8

The maximum volume that can be administered by intramuscular injection is

A) 0.5 mL
B) 3 mL
C) 6 mL
D) 10 mL

Question 9

Which of the following is true regarding generic drug names?

A) If there is a generic name, it is available generically.
B) It is often called the "trade name" of the drug.
C) All drugs have a generic name.
D) It refers to less superior drug formulations.

Question 10

Which intravenous route would NOT be appropriate for the administration of TPN solutions?

A) CVC
B) Hickman
C) peripheral
D) Broviac

Question 11

After reconstituting an injectable drug, the contents are generally measured in

A) milliliters
B) liters
C) grams
D) kilograms

Question 12

To what does the abbreviation "SR" in the drug name "Verapamil SR" refer?

A) a reconstituted suspension
B) a sustained-release formulation
C) for use in male patents only
D) a smaller, easier to swallow dosage form

Question 13

How many units of insulin are in 0.6 mL of regular U-100 insulin?

A) 6 units
B) 12 units
C) 60 units
D) 600 units

Question 14

What is the minimum distance that IV fluids should be hung above the patient's heart so that the fluid can be infused by gravity?

A) 6 inches
B) 12 inches
C) 36 inches
D) 48 inches

Question 15

Which concentration of heparin solution is appropriate for flushing a CVC catheter?

A) 1 unit per mL
B) 100 units per mL
C) 1000 units per mL
D) 10,000 units per mL

Question 16

Which method of intravenous fluid administration is more appropriate for replacement of electrolytes in a patient who is dehydrated?

A) intermittent
B) keep vein open (KVO)
C) intravenous push
D) continuous

Question 17

Which formula for calculating pediatric dosages is most accurate and is based on the weight of the child?

A) West's Rule
B) Clark's Rule
C) Young's Rule
D) Fried's Rule

Question 18

Unless instructed otherwise, capsules, tablets, and caplets are to be administered

A) rectally
B) orally
C) sublingually
D) parenterally

Question 19

By federal law, all prescription medications should have a unique identifying number that must appear on the label. This number is called the

A) UPC (Universal Product Code)
B) NDC (National Drug Code)
C) UDC (Universal Drug Code)
D) BN (Batch Number)

Question 20

What does the abbreviation D5W stand for?

A) 5 liters of distilled water
B) 5% dextrose in water
C) 1 part dextrose in 5 parts water
D) 5 grams of dextrose in 10 mL of water

Question 21

Gentamicin 60 mg IM was prescribed. The drug is available at a dosage of 80 mg/2 mL per vial. How many mL of gentamicin should be administered?

A) 0.5
B) 1
C) 1.5
D) 2.5

Question 22

The dose of a drug is 500 mcg/kg of body weight. How many milligrams should be given to a child weighing 55 lbs?

A) 3.6 mg
B) 7.5 mg
C) 12.5 mg
D) 18.6 mg

Question 23

The dip in fluid level when dispensing an oral liquid medication is called the ____________________.

Question 24

The ____________________ refers to the full quantity contained in a vial, bottle, or package.

Question 25

Injectable medications in powdered form should be reconstituted with an appropriate ____________________ diluent, such as water, 0.9% sodium chloride, or 5% dextrose.

Question 26

The administration ____________________ refers to the site on the body or the method of delivery that is intended.

Question 27

A quick reference for pediatric dosages is called a(n) ____________________.

Question 28

The dimensional analysis method of calculations is also called the ____________________ method.

Question 29

When administering intravenous fluids at a rate above 80 mL per hour, ____________________ tubing should be used.

Question 30

A 10-month-old child weighing 26.5 lbs is prescribed a medication for which the normal adult dose is 50 mg. Using Fried's Rule, how much should the child's dose be?

A) 3.3 mg
B) 8.8 mg
C) 3.25 mg
D) 5.6 mg

Question 31

Atropine 0.2 mg SC was ordered stat. The drug is available at a dosage of 0.4 mg/mL. For the correct required dosage, how many mL of atropine should be administered?

A) 0.25
B) 0.5
C) 0.75
D) 1.25

Question 32

Secondary IV tubing is used when supplemental medications are administered and is ____________________ into the primary line.

Question 33

The ____________________ of a drug identifies its structure and composition.

Question 34

Kanamycin 1 g PO qid x 3 days is ordered. The available drug is in 500 mg capsules. What is the correct number of capsules that should be given per dose?

A) 2 capsules
B) 3 capsules
C) 4 capsules
D) 6 capsules

Question 35

If a child weighs 15 kg and the adult dose is 75 mg, how many milligrams should be given?

A) 6.2 mg
B) 9.8 mg
C) 16.5 mg
D) 22.5 mg

Question 36

What is the correct dosage for a 25-lb child if the adult dose is 100 mg?

A) 9.6 mg
B) 13.2 mg
C) 17 mg
D) 38 mg

Question 37

The medication vial contains 1,000,000 units of penicillin G. The label directions state: "Add 2.3 mL of sterile water to the vial, 1.2 mL = 500,000 units." How many milliliters equal 200,000 units?

A) 0.24 mL
B) 0.48 mL
C) 0.64 mL
D) 0.88 mL

Question 38

The prescriber orders heparin 10,000 units SC; the dose on hand is 40,000 units/mL. What is the correct dosage, in mL, that should be given?

A) 0.15 mL
B) 0.25 mL
C) 0.45 mL
D) 0.75 mL

Question 39

How many 500 mg doses can be prepared from a 10 g vial of cefuroxine?

A) 10 doses
B) 15 doses
C) 20 doses
D) 35 doses

Question 40

The manufacturers' name for a medication is often called a trade, brand, or ____________________ name.

Question 41

A prescription order reads as follows: Thyroid 1 grain PO QD, Dispense: quantity for 30 days supply. The pharmacy has 30 mg tablets available to dispense. How many tablets would be required to fill this prescription?

Question 42

On every prescription medication, there is a series of letters followed by three specific groups of numbers. The series of letters and numbers are known as the drug's ____________________ number.

Question 43

The pharmacy has an order to mix heparin 25,000 units in 500 mL of D5W. What is the final concentration in units per mL?

Question 44

An intravenous IV fluid bag contains 1000 mL of 5% dextrose and 0.45% NaCl. How many grams of dextrose are in each bag?

Question 45

You are asked to mix a 1000 mL bag of 0.45% NaCl using a liter bag of sterile water and concentrated sodium chloride for injection. How many milligrams of sodium chloride will be needed to mix this IV?

Question 46

A prescription reads as follows: Prednisone 20 mg PO QD for 5 days, then 10 mg PO QD for 5 days, then 5 mg PO QD for 5 days. Dispense: quantity of 10 mg tablets sufficient for duration of prescribed therapy. Using 10 prednisone tablets, how many tablets will be required?

Question 47

A patient is ordered 12,000 units of heparin sodium to be given by continuous intravenous drip over 24 hours. Each 500 mL bag of heparin contains 25,000 units. How many milliliters should be administered per hour?

Question 48

Mrs. Green presents to the pharmacy with a prescription for her warfarin. The prescription reads as follows: Warfarin 5 mg tablet on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays. Warfarin 2.5 mg (one-half a 5 mg tablet) on Tuesdays, Thursdays, Saturdays, and Sunday. Dispense: quantity sufficient for 28 days of therapy. How many 5-mg tablets will be required for this prescription?

Question 49

What are the seven "rights" of drug administration?

Question 50

Young's rule is based on ____________________, but it applies to children older than ____________________ year of age.

Question 51

The fractional equation method is similar to the ____________________ and ____________________ method, except that the calculation is written as a fraction.

Question 52

The dip in fluid level when an oral liquid medication is dispensed is referred to as its ____________________.

Question 53

Ratio and ____________________ is the oldest method used for calculating dosage.

Question 54

West's nomogram uses a calculation of the body ____________________ of infants and young children to determine the pediatric dose.

Question 55

A patient presents to the pharmacy with a prescription for Omnicef ^Ò 125 mg/5 mL, Sig: 1 and 1/4 teaspoonful PO QD for 10 days, Dispense: quantity sufficient for 10 days. Omnicef ^Ò is available as an oral suspension containing 60 mL per bottle and 100 mL per bottle. How much Omnicef ^Ò suspension would be required to fill this prescription?

Question 56

The body surface area is important for determination of medication doses for burn victims and for patients undergoing open ____________________ surgery.

Question 57

Insulin is ordered and measured in ____________________ units.

Question 58

Fried's rule is a method of estimating the ____________________ of medication for infants younger than 1 year of age.

Question 59

How many milligrams of sodium chloride are contained in a 250 mL bag of 0.9% NaCl?

Question 60

Clark's rule is based on the ____________________ of the child.

Question 61

A 3% sodium chloride solution is often administered intravenously to patients with severe hyponatremia. How many grams of sodium chloride are in a 250 mL bag of 3% sodium chloride?

Question 62

The pharmacy mixes a TPN stock solution containing 500 mL of 50% dextrose and 500 mL of amino acids for a total volume of 1 liter. What is the final concentration of dextrose in each 1 liter bag?

Question 63

Using Clark's rule (weight of the child in pounds/150, then multiplied by the average adult dose), what should the dose of promethazine be for a 20-kg child if the average adult dose is 25 mg (round to the nearest whole number)?

Question 64

A 1-gram vial of ceftriaxone states that if 10 mL of sterile water is added for reconstitution, the final concentration will be 980 mg per mL. How many mL would be required for a 245 mg dosage?

Question 65

A patient is ordered 2 liters of hydration fluids to be infused intravenously over 4 hours. What rate in mL/hr should the infusion be infused?

Question 66

Intravenous dopamine is frequently ordered to be started at a rate of 5 mcg/kg/min. If the standard concentration of dopamine is 400 mg/250 mL of D5W, what would be the rate (in mL/hr) for a 176-pound patient?

Question 67

The normal dosage for amoxicillin is 45 mg/kg/24 hours administered in divided doses. What would the dosage be for a 44-pound child if the dose is ordered BID?

Question 68

A patient has an order for heparin 1000 units per hour by continuous infusion for a deep venous thrombosis. The pharmacy keeps a stock solution of 25,000 units of heparin in 250 mL of NS. How many mL would be required for 24 hours of therapy?

Question 69

The pharmacy has heparin 10,000 units per mL vials in stock. How many mLs of heparin would be required to mix a solution of heparin 25,000 units in 500 mL of D5W?

Question 70

An infusion of the antibiotic vancomycin is currently running at 70 gtts/min. What is the rate in mL/hr if the tubing being used is rated 20 gtts/mL?

Question 71

A nitroglycerin drip is ordered to be infused at 20 mcg/minute. The stock solution available has a concentration of 50 mg/250 mL. How many mL/hr should the IV be administered?

Question 72

A patient is administered 1750 mL of a TPN solution every 24 hours. The TPN solution contains 20% dextrose. If each gram of dextrose provides 3.4 calories, how many calories per 24 hours does the patient receive?

Question 73

A heparin drip is currently infusing at 25 mL/hr. If the concentration of heparin in the bag is 25,000 units per 500 mL NS, how many units/hr are being infused?

Question 74

An order reads to give hydration fluids of 0.9% sodium chloride at 120 mL per hour. What is the drip rate, in gtts/min, if the tubing is labeled as 10 gtts/mL?

Question 75

The hospital pharmacy keeps cefazolin 1 gram/50 mL D5W piggyback bags in stock for surgery. Bulk bottles of cefazolin are available as 10 gram powder per vial. The reconstitution instructions state that the final concentration of solution will be 1000 mg per 5 mL if 45 mL of sterile water is added to the vial. How many mLs of cefazolin solution would be required to make eight piggyback bags?