Deck 7: Most Common Diseases and Conditions

Question 1

A metastatic tumor commonly occurs via the

A) lymphatic system
B) respiratory system
C) digestive system
D) urinary system

Answer 1

lymphatic system

Question 2

The presence of plaque, consisting of lipids, cells, and debris, often with attached thrombi from the walls of large arteries, is called

A) dermatoma
B) aneurysm
C) atheroma
D) artifact

Answer 2

atheroma

Question 3

Vasospastic angina is also known as

A) classic
B) decubitus
C) unstable
D) silent

Answer 3

decubitus

Question 4

Osteomalacia is caused by a dietary deficiency of

A) calcium, potassium, and vitamin C
B) calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D
C) calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin E
D) calcium, sodium, and vitamin A

Question 5

Meniere's disease affects

A) balance and hearing
B) weight loss and ulceration
C) liver function
D) bone formation

Question 6

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is a deficiency of

A) white blood cells
B) red blood cells
C) platelets
D) mast cells

Question 7

A patient with high serum cholesterol and increased low-density lipoproteins is at risk of

A) prostatic cancer
B) atherosclerotic coronary disease
C) leukemia
D) polycythemia vera

Question 8

Hashimoto disease is a chronic disease of the immune system that attacks the

A) kidneys
B) pancreas
C) thyroid
D) brain

Question 9

Which of the following is the leading cause of death in the United States and Western Europe?

A) Brain cancer
B) Hypertension
C) Alzheimer's disease
D) Myocardial infarction

Question 10

Extremely high temperature, which is considered a medical emergency, is called

A) hypersomnia
B) hypervolemia
C) hyperplasia
D) hyperpyrexia

Question 11

Which of the following types of angina occur when a person is lying down?

A) Stable
B) Unstable
C) Nocturnal
D) Silent

Question 12

Social withdrawal, poor judgment, disorganized thought patterns, and hallucinations are characteristic of

A) bipolar disorder
B) eating disorders
C) depression
D) schizophrenia

Question 13

Which of the following types of angina is a medical emergency, requiring the patient to be treated in a hospital?

A) Unstable
B) Classic
C) Decubitus
D) Silent

Question 14

Macular degeneration is a medical condition that primarily affects

A) newborns
B) infants
C) teenagers
D) older adults

Question 15

Goiter results from a shortage of

A) zinc
B) iron
C) potassium
D) iodine

Question 16

A bone disease characterized by reduced bone mineral density is referred to as

A) osteomalacia
B) osteoporosis
C) osteoarthritis
D) osteopathy

Question 17

Chronic hypersecretion of cortisol from the adrenal cortex may result in

A) Parkinson's disease
B) Cushing's syndrome
C) Addison's disease
D) Meniere's disease

Question 18

Intrinsic factor is normally secreted by the inner layer of the stomach which is essential for absorption of which of the following vitamins in the small intestine?

A) Vitamin B1
B) Vitamin B6
C) Vitamin B9
D) Vitamin B12

Question 19

Raised intraocular pressure is a significant risk factor in the development of

A) cataracts
B) glaucoma
C) tinnitus
D) vertigo

Question 20

Accumulation of uric acid in the serum may cause

A) gout
B) rickets
C) osteoporosis
D) rheumatoid arthritis

Question 21

Melanoma is a malignant tumor of the skin which may also affect the

A) eyes
B) lungs
C) kidneys
D) ovaries

Question 22

Episodes of binge eating, during which the patient consumes large amounts of food and feels unable to stop eating, is referred to as

A) dementia
B) anorexia nervosa
C) bulimia nervosa
D) panic attack

Question 23

Hypertension is a major cause of cardiac disease, renal failure, and

A) pneumonia
B) aplastic anemia
C) stroke
D) thrombocytopenia

Question 24

The second most common disorder that occurs in the United States is

A) cardiovascular disease
B) sexually transmitted disease
C) gestational diabetes
D) cancer

Question 25

The most common type of hypertension is

A) primary
B) secondary
C) malignant
D) non-malignant

Question 26

The disease characterized by muscle tremor, muscle rigidity, and bradykinesia is referred to as

A) Parkinson's disease
B) Addison's disease
C) Alzheimer's disease
D) Meniere's disease

Question 27

The most common cause of injury in people 65 years and older are

A) vehicle accidents
B) falls
C) burns
D) cuts

Question 28

Which of the following terms is defined as a recurrent, persistent thought, impulse, or mental image that is unwanted and distressing?

A) Obsession
B) Compulsion
C) Anxiety
D) Insomnia

Question 29

When the heart beats between 200 and 350 times per minute, the condition is referred to as

A) premature ventricular contraction
B) tachycardia
C) atrial flutter
D) bradycardia

Question 30

Hypersecretion of human growth hormone after puberty is called

A) gigantism
B) dwarfism
C) melanoma
D) acromegaly

Question 31

Herpes zoster is also called

A) cellulitis
B) impetigo
C) atopic dermatitis
D) shingles

Question 32

Bipolar disorder is characterized by periods of extreme excitation and

A) bulimia nervosa
B) anorexia nervosa
C) deep depression
D) obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 33

Hepatitis E is more severe when contracted by

A) pregnant women
B) elderly people
C) infants
D) postmenopausal women

Question 34

Multiple, bilateral, grapelike clusters of fluid-filled sacs is an inherited disorder known as

A) benign prostatic hyperplasia
B) neurogenic bladder
C) pelvic inflammatory disease
D) polycystic kidney disease

Question 35

An acute, potentially life-threatening type 1 (immediate) hypersensitivity is called

A) allergic rhinitis
B) anaphylaxis
C) asthma attack
D) contact dermatitis

Question 36

Chlamydia is sometimes referred to as

A) genital herpes
B) chancre
C) psoriasis
D) the silent sexually transmitted disease

Question 37

Trichomoniasis is a protozoal infection of the

A) lower respiratory tract
B) lower genitourinary tract
C) upper gastrointestinal tract
D) upper respiratory tract

Question 38

A chronic or recurring skin lesion characteristic of an allergic reaction is called

A) psoriasis
B) eczema
C) acne vulgaris
D) seborrheic dermatitis

Question 39

Which of the following is highly contagious and spreads rapidly in schools, due to children having physical contact with each other?

A) Cellulitis
B) Impetigo
C) Shingles
D) Contact dermatitis

Question 40

Treatment of polycystic kidney is

A) chemotherapy
B) radiation therapy
C) surgery
D) none - there is no treatment

Question 41

A skin condition characterized by inflammation of the oil-producing glands and ducts is referred to as ____________________.

Question 42

Genital herpes is caused by herpes ____________________ virus type 2 and is recurrent.

Question 43

____________________ is a hypothyroidism developing in infancy or early childhood.

Question 44

Myxedema is caused by severe and prolonged ____________________.

Question 45

Pulmonary embolism can cause sudden ____________________.

Question 46

Skin cancers are the most common cancers in the United States. They include basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and ____________________.

Question 47

The second leading cause of blindness throughout the world is ____________________.

Question 48

An inflammation inside a vein along with the formation of a blood clot on the side of the vein occurs in a condition called ____________________.

Question 49

The risk of hypertension increases with ____________________, and is higher in ____________________ than in ____________________.

Question 50

Cholesterol and triglycerides are synthesized in the ____________________.

Question 51

Parkinson's disease causes a decreased number of neurons in the brain which secrete ____________________.

Question 52

The most common symptom of endometriosis is ____________________ pain.

Question 53

The most common disorders of vision are age-related macular degeneration, cataracts, and ____________________.

Question 54

Asthma is more common in ____________________ than in ____________________.

Question 55

An illness characterized by progressive memory failure, impaired thinking, and personality changes is known as ____________________.

Question 56

External otitis is an inflammation of the outer ear and ear canal, also called ____________________ ear.

Question 57

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease results from ____________________.

Question 58

Diabetes mellitus type 1 was formerly known as "____________________" diabetes.

Question 59

Pernicious anemia causes neurologic damage by impairing ____________________ formation.

Question 60

Myocardial infarction is also known as a (n) ____________________.

Question 62

Describe osteomalacia and rickets.

Question 63

Briefly describe pelvic inflammatory disease.

Question 64

Explain toxic shock syndrome and its complications.

Question 65

Explain the term orchitis and its causes.

Question 66

List five common types of anemia and the causes of each type.