Deck 9: Surgical Pharmacology and Anesthesia

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a drug administration route?

A) biodegradable
B) enteral
C) parenteral
D) topical

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which anatomical structure regulates temperature by monitoring processes of heat production and loss in the human body?

A) cerebellum
B) hypothalamus
C) pituitary gland
D) thyroid gland

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which anesthetic monitoring device registers the brain wave activity of the patient and enables anesthetic titration for optimal level of consciousness during surgical intervention?

A) bispectral index
B) Doppler device
C) electrocardiogram
D) pulse oximeter

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following pharmacological agents provides muscle relaxation by preventing acetylcholine from stimulating muscle contraction?

A) dissociative
B) induction
C) nondepolarizing
D) volatile

Question 5

Which type of anesthesia would be considered nontraditional in the United States?

A) acupuncture
B) Bier block
C) monitored
D) spinal block

Question 6

What is the pharmacological agent administered specifically to treat malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

A) curare
B) dantrolene
C) sevoflurane
D) succinylcholine

Question 7

The anesthesia provider would assign which physical status classification rating to a patient with severe systemic disease, massive obesity, poorly controlled hypertension, or status postmyocardial infarction?

A) ASA 1
B) ASA 2
C) ASA 3
D) ASA 4

Question 8

What would be the scrubbed surgical technologist's role in the general anesthesia induction phase?

A) applies cricoid pressure for intubation
B) initates the "time-out"
C) maintains absolute quiet
D) suctions oral secretions

Question 9

How are most drugs absorbed by the body?

A) active transport
B) passive transport
C) dissolution
D) vasoconstriction

Question 10

What side effects after the use of the dissociative agent ketamine HCl make it contraindicated for use on adults?

A) hangover feeling
B) morbid hallucinations
C) urinary incontinence
D) vomiting and nausea

Question 11

The practice of applying cricoid pressure during endotracheal intubation was named for a British anesthesiologist named:

A) Doppler
B) Heimlich
C) Korotkoff
D) Sellick

Question 12

Diminished cardiac and urinary output, hypotension, and tachycardia are signs of:

A) pseudocholinesterase deficiency syndrome
B) disseminated intravascular coagulopathy
C) malignant hyperthermia
D) shock

Question 13

Benzodiazepines are classified by the Controlled Substances Act as which class?

A) Class II
B) Class III
C) Class IV
D) Class V

Question 14

Why would a neurosurgeon order mannitol for a patient during a craniotomy for excision of tumor?

A) muscle relaxation
B) prevent surgical site infection
C) reduce vasospasm
D) decrease intracranial pressure

Question 15

What is the name of the device used to support or modify the curvature of an endotracheal tube during intubation?

A) balloon
B) circuit
C) stylet
D) tube

Question 16

During which type of assessment would Korotkoff's sounds be heard?

A) listening for breathing before initiating CPR
B) during coughing during the recovery phase
C) using a stethoscope for manual blood pressure
D) while using sterile Doppler probe to find blockage

Question 17

During which phase of general anesthesia would the risk of aspiration be the greatest?

A) induction
B) maintenance
C) emergence
D) recovery

Question 18

A bovine-derived enzyme used as a chemical method of hemostasis is:

A) heparin
B) collagen
C) thrombin
D) epinephrine

Question 19

Which type of drug is used to treat possible postoperative nausea and vomiting?

A) anti-arrhythmic
B) antiemetic
C) antihistamine
D) antimuscarinic

Question 20

Which drug is administered intravenously to treat life-threatening cardiac ventricular arrhythmias?

A) cimetidine
B) diazepam
C) naloxone HCl
D) lidocaine HCl

Question 21

Which type of ophthalmic medication constricts the pupil?

A) cycloplegic
B) miotic
C) mydriatic
D) viscoelastic

Question 22

Avitene is the brand name for which type of chemical hemostatic agent?

A) absorbable gelatin
B) microfibrillar collagen
C) oxidized cellulose
D) topical thrombin

Question 23

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) are also known as:

A) adrenergics
B) analgesics
C) antibiotics
D) antihypertensives

Question 24

Which type of drug preparation both is sweetened and contains alcohol?

A) elixir
B) emulsion
C) solution
D) syrup

Question 25

Which type of medication container would pose the highest risk of injury to the handler and contamination of the medication by glass particles?

A) ampule
B) preloaded syringe
C) tube
D) vial

Question 26

In which anatomical organ does biotransformation of drugs most often take place?

A) brain
B) colon
C) kidney
D) liver

Question 27

Which of the following naming categories for pharmaceutical drugs would NOT be used in a health care setting?

A) chemical
B) generic
C) street
D) trade

Question 28

Ancef, Kefzol, and Keflex are brand names for which category of antibiotic/anti-infective agents?

A) aminoglycosides
B) anti-amebicides
C) cephalosporins
D) penicillins

Question 29

Which drug is an anticoagulant antagonist used to reverse the effects of heparin?

A) naloxone HCl
B) dantrolene sodium
C) sodium bicarbonate
D) protamine sulfate

Question 30

Which vitamin is required for activation of the body's natural clotting mechanism?

A) B
B) C
C) D
D) K

Question 31

A widely accepted list of safety measures is entitled the Six ___________ of Medication Administration.

A) Laws
B) Points
C) Rights
D) Standards

Question 32

Drugs used for ophthalmological procedures are similar to those for systemic use but must be:

A) less concentrated
B) less viscoelastic
C) more diluted
D) more pure

Question 33

The apothecary system of measurement based weight measurement on a grain of:

A) bran
B) rice
C) sand
D) wheat

Question 34

What is the medical term for normal breathing?

A) apnea
B) bradypnea
C) dyspnea
D) eupnea

Question 35

Cough syrups containing codeine would be placed in which classification of controlled substances?

A) Class I
B) Class II
C) Class IV
D) Class V

Question 36

Which classification of drugs is used to induce uterine contractions and reduce bleeding after vaginal or cesarean section delivery?

A) adrenergic
B) immunoglobulin
C) oxytocic
D) steroid

Question 37

Minums, drams, and drops are volume measurements in which measurement system?

A) apothecary
B) common
C) household
D) metric

Question 38

What is the term for the portion of the endotracheal tube that is inflated to create a closed airway system?

A) cuff
B) jacket
C) neck
D) sleeve

Question 39

Which measurement method is used to determine end tidal volume of expired carbon dioxide?

A) capnography
B) oximetry
C) spirometry
D) tomography

Question 40

What is the topical agent used by peripheral vascular and neurosurgeons to dilate blood vessels intraoperatively?

A) papaverine HCl
B) lidocaine HCl
C) epinephrine
D) heparin

Question 41

Which type of pharmaceutical agent binds to another agent's receptor site, preventing the other agent from binding there and causing its desired effect?

A) additive
B) agonist
C) anaphylactic
D) antagonist

Question 42

What type of anesthesia nerve block involves injecting local anesthetics with Wydase around the optic nerves?

A) Bier
B) caudal
C) epidural
D) retrobulbar

Question 43

What is the term for a spinal anesthetic solution that has the same specific gravity as cerebrospinal fluid?

A) antibaric
B) hyperbaric
C) hypobaric
D) isobaric

Question 44

Which category of drug is used to outline hollow or tubular anatomical structures for radiographic visualization?

A) contrast media
B) dyes
C) stains
D) vasodilator

Question 45

Teratogenic results fall into which category of medication effects?

A) addiction
B) adverse
C) therapeutic
D) toxic

Question 46

When a patient undergoes induced hypothermia to a level of 68°F or below, it is termed to be:

A) light
B) moderate
C) deep
D) profound

Question 47

By what name is the International System of Units more commonly known?

A) apothecary system
B) household system
C) metric system
D) quantitative system

Question 48

A patient prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin for angina would:

A) instill drops in his eyes
B) place it under his tongue
C) rub it into his chest
D) spray it into his nostrils

Question 49

The ratio of a solution's solute to solvent is its:

A) chemical index
B) concentration
C) conversion rate
D) cumulative dose

Question 50

Which of the following topical anesthetics is used as a "freezing" method to block pain receptors in skin?

A) cocaine
B) ethyl chloride
C) lidocaine
D) tetracaine

Question 51

Fentanyl citrate is the generic name for which of the following analgesics?

A) Demerol
B) morphine
C) Sublimaze
D) Toradol

Question 52

Extreme caution should be exercised when using which of the following for localized anesthesia of fingers, toes, or the penis, or in neonates?

A) bupivacaine
B) epinephrine
C) hyaluronidase
D) mepivacaine

Question 53

What type of irrigating solution is used during placement of synthetic grafts in cardiovascular surgery to prevent clotting?

A) antibiotic NaCl
B) balanced salt solution
C) heparinized saline
D) sterile distilled water

Question 54

What is the chemical name for a chemical or drug that causes birth defects?

A) agonist
B) parenteral
C) synergist
D) teratogen

Question 55

Magnesium, calcium, and zinc come from which drug source?

A) animal
B) biotechnology
C) mineral
D) plant

Question 56

Which type of reaction occurs when a drug potentiates or enhances the effect of another substance?

A) additive
B) agonistic
C) anaphylactic
D) antagonistic

Question 57

Which governmental regulatory agency has oversight of pharmaceutical companies?

A) EPA
B) FDA
C) NIH
D) OSHA

Question 58

What is another term for spinal anesthesia?

A) Bier
B) intrathecal
C) local
D) retrobulbar

Question 59

Lidocaine, bupivacaine, and ropivicaine are examples of which type of nerve conduction blocking agents?

A) adrenergics
B) adjunctive
C) amino amides
D) amino esters

Question 60

What is done to an upper extremity with an Esmarch bandage prior to inflation of the double-cuffed tourniquet used in Bier block anesthesia?

A) embolization
B) evisceration
C) exsanguination
D) extravasation

Question 62

Antibiotics and the anticoagulant heparin are frequently diluted with normal saline to achieve a more powerful dosage than the original strength.

Question 63

To convert weight in pounds to kilograms for a near estimate in an emergency, divide the pounds in half and then subtract the first digit of the answer from the answer itself to get the conversion total. For example, 160/2 = 80, 80 - 8 = 72.

Question 64

Drugs used for prophylaxis relieve pain or other symptoms of a disease process.

Question 65

The surgical technologist (ST) and circulating RN verify a drug's name, strength, expiration, and amount together; then the ST labels any container holding it; and states the drug name and strength aloud to the surgeon as it is being passed.

Question 66

A patient taking a medication for a long period may experience tolerance, resulting in the need to increase the dosage to achieve the same benefit as before.