Deck 13: Allergic Reaction

Question 1

If a patient experiencing anaphylaxis shows a complete loss of blood pressure, CPR should be administered.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

If anaphylaxis is suspected, the dentist should immediately administer ____ to the patient.

A) a leukotriene receptor antagonist
B) an antihistamine
C) cortisol
D) epinephrine

Answer 2

D

Question 3

After placing an anaphylactic patient in the supine position, what is the next step for the dental auxiliary?

A) Open the patient's airway.
B) Prepare the appropriate medication for the dentist.
C) Administer oxygen to the patient.
D) Begin chest compressions.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

What is the most common cause of death due to an anaphylactic reaction?

A) myocardial infarction
B) laryngeal edema
C) cardiac arrhythmias
D) hypotension

Question 5

Which are the most common type of antibodies found in the body?

A) IgA
B) IgE
C) IgG
D) IgM

Question 6

If an allergic reaction occurs days after exposure to an allergen, then the allergic response is mediated by the ____ system.

A) hormonal
B) cell-mediated
C) autonomic
D) humoral

Question 7

Following initial exposure to an allergen, an incubation period takes place; when a subsequent exposure to that allergen produces an anaphylactic reaction, this is known as the ____ dose.

A) lethal
B) exciting
C) responsive
D) immunological

Question 8

Which type of antibody is found in the fluid of the eyes?

A) IgA
B) IgD
C) IgE
D) IgG

Question 9

As a precaution, the dentist should administer an antihistamine if patient shows any signs of a skin reaction.

Question 10

Ronia is prescribed penicillin to treat an infection. She last took penicillin two years earlier for the first time and suffered no allergic reaction. However, with this round of penicillin treatment, she is experiencing hives, rash and wheezing. What happened?

A) An initial "sensitizing dose" of penicillin lead to the production of IgM antibodies; causing future allergic reactions.
B) An initial "predisposing dose" of penicillin lead to the production of IgM antibodies; causing future allergic reactions.
C) An initial "sensitizing dose" of penicillin lead to the production of IgE antibodies; causing future allergic reactions.
D) An initial "predisposing dose" of penicillin lead to the production of IgE antibodies; causing future allergic reactions.

Question 11

During an anaphylactic reaction, what does the term "shock" refer to?

A) A decrease in perfusion of oxygenated blood
B) An increase in perfusion of deoxygenated blood
C) An increase in muscle tone
D) A decrease in muscle tone

Question 12

In most cases, what is the most immediate sign of anaphylaxis?

A) severe itching
B) feelings of faintness
C) nausea
D) wheezing

Question 13

An anaphylactic reaction is an allergic reaction localized to the respiratory system.

Question 14

An antibody is produced in response to a(n) ____.

A) antigen
B) immunoglobulin
C) cytokine
D) phagosome

Question 15

If a patient experiences an anaphylactic reaction resulting in a complete airway obstruction, what should the dental team prepare for?

A) a laryngotomy
B) a pharyngotomy
C) a cricothyrotomy
D) a thoracotomy

Question 16

"Hives" is the common name for ____.

A) angioedema
B) urticaria
C) rosacea
D) eczema

Question 17

A sign of contact dermatitis is ____.

A) clammy skin
B) wart formation
C) skin flaking
D) vesicle formation

Question 18

If a patient suddenly becomes unconscious during a dental treatment, the dental team should treat the patient for anaphylaxis.

Question 19

How does the body respond to histamine release?

A) The blood pressure increases.
B) The capillaries constrict.
C) There is increased secretion of gastric juices.
D) The smooth muscles relax.

Question 20

If a patient reports a history of allergies to dust, pollen and seafood, they are just as likely to suffer an allergic reaction in the dental office as a patient with no history of allergies.

Question 21

Which group of people are most likely to suffer from a latex allergy?

A) polymer factory workers
B) health care workers
C) construction workers
D) textile workers

Question 22

Which is NOT a typical sign or symptom of a latex allergy?

A) wheezing
B) rash
C) nausea
D) blisters

Question 23

What is true of allergic reactions triggered by dental anesthesia?

A) Although allergies to anesthesia are rare, if they do occur the result is almost always anaphylaxis.
B) Approximately 25% of reactions to dental anesthesia are considered true allergic reactions.
C) Patients who are allergic to one type of anesthesia are usually allergic to almost all anesthetics.
D) A common symptom of an allergic reaction to a dental anesthesia is pruritus.