Deck 11: Angina Pectoris and Myocardial Infarction

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a typical sensation associated with angina?

A) dull ache
B) sharp pain
C) extreme pressure on the chest
D) burning sensation

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which type of angina is least responsive to nitroglycerin?

A) stable angina
B) unstable angina
C) episodic angina
D) remitting angina

Answer 2

B

Question 3

When trying to determine if a patient is experiencing angina, the dentist should ask the patient, "What type of pain are you experiencing?"

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The ____ pumps blood to all parts of the body except the lungs.

A) semilunar valve
B) atrioventricular valve
C) pulmonary artery
D) aorta

Question 5

The pericardium is the wall, or sac, that encloses the heart.

Question 6

How should a patient experiencing an angina episode be positioned?

A) supine
B) feet elevated
C) fetal position
D) however they are most comfortable

Question 7

A patient experiencing angina will move around continuously to find a comfortable position; a patient experiencing a myocardial infarction will remain motionless.

Question 8

When treating angina, the goal is to ____.

A) increase the blood pressure
B) decrease the blood pressure
C) increase blood flow to the heart
D) reduce the heart's demand for oxygen

Question 9

Angina is characterized by episodes of ____ that occur when the heart experiences oxygen deficiency.

A) tingling
B) fluttering
C) pain
D) slow heart rate

Question 10

What is a myocardial infarction?

A) Death of myocardium tissue resulting from carbon dioxide starvation
B) Weakening of myocardium tissue resulting from carbon dioxide starvation
C) Death of myocardium tissue resulting from oxygen starvation
D) Weakening of myocardium tissue resulting from oxygen starvation

Question 11

What is a side effect of nitroglycerin?

A) syncope
B) severe headache
C) nausea
D) hypotension

Question 12

When administered sublingually, nitroglycerin should begin to relieve symptoms associated with angina within approximately ____.

A) ninety seconds
B) ten minutes
C) thirty minutes
D) ninety minutes

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a precipitating factor of angina episodes?

A) disturbing dreams
B) sexual activity
C) getting dressed
D) eating or drinking hot foods

Question 14

Dan, a 70 year old patient, tells his dentist that he has been experiencing intermittent pain in his jaw. After examination, Dan's dentist does not identify a cause for the pain and may suspect that Dan is experiencing ____.

A) angina
B) cardiac hypoplasia
C) a myocardial infarction
D) valvular heart disorder

Question 15

In some patients, what physiological change may alleviate the pain associated with an angina episode?

A) Collateral channels eventually take over and compensate for the blocked arteries.
B) The body releases endorphins in response to the episode.
C) The heart beats faster to circulate more oxygen through the body.
D) The body's metabolic requirements decrease to alleviate the stress of the heart.

Question 16

If a myocardial infarction is suspected, the patient should be treated with nitroglycerin.

Question 17

Amyl nitrite is often preferred over nitroglycerin because its side effects are better tolerated by patients.

Question 18

What is a sign that a patient may be experiencing angina?

A) pain radiates; intensity fluctuates
B) pain is localized; intensity fluctuates
C) pain radiates; intensity is steady
D) pain is localized; intensity is steady

Question 19

Atherosclerosis is characterized by ____ the coronary arteries.

A) thickening and hardening of
B) thinning and weakness of
C) contusions and hemorrhaging of
D) inflammation and overproduction of mucus within

Question 20

Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the lungs?

A) right atrium
B) left atrium
C) right ventricle
D) left ventricle

Question 21

Which is NOT a sign or symptom of a myocardial infarction?

A) nausea
B) squeezing pain
C) stridor
D) weakness

Question 22

Because a(n) ____ can lead to a(n) ____, it is important to minimize the stress of the patient during a dental appointment.

A) angina attack; myocardial infarction
B) myocardial infarction; an angina attack
C) angina attack; cardiac hypoplasia
D) cardiac hypoplasia; an angina attack

Question 23

What is true of a myocardial infarction?

A) Nitroglycerin is an effective treatment for a myocardial infarction.
B) The pain associated with a myocardial infarction often occurs when the patient is active.
C) An angina episode always precedes a myocardial infarction.
D) A common cause of a myocardial infarction is atherosclerosis.