Deck 22: South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Colonization, 1750-1914

Question 1

Why, in 1799, did the Netherlands abolish the Dutch East Indies Company?

A) Due to pressure from anticolonial reformers in the Netherlands
B) Due to the company's massive debt and corruption
C) Due to international pressure

Answer 1

Due to the company's massive debt and corruption

Question 2

How did Britain suppress Indian manufacturing?

A) By flooding the Indian market with British goods
B) By providing India the raw materials it needed
C) By assisting the creation of textiles in India itself

Answer 2

By flooding the Indian market with British goods

Question 3

What did Bengali Ram Mohan Roy hope westernizing would achieve for India?

A) A revolution against Britain
B) Reform and strengthen Hindu
C) The revitalization of India's manufacturing industry

Answer 3

Reform and strengthen Hindu

Question 4

Before the British conquest, in what state was the Mughal Empire's authority?

A) It was firmly in control of most South Asian territory.
B) It was weak and being challenged by Sikhs, Marathas, and others.
C) It was propped up by the French and Dutch.

Question 5

The 1857 uprising by some Indians against the British began in which institution?

A) Islamic schools in northern India
B) In the Legislative Council controlled by Indian nationalists
C) Among soldiers in the Indian army

Question 6

What region had Russia conquered by the end of the nineteenth century?

A) Southeast Asia
B) East Asia
C) Central Asia

Question 7

All of the following were British policies that contributed to massive Indian population growth EXCEPT which?

A) Expanded healthcare and public works
B) Outlawing of birth control and abortion
C) Economic incentives to have larger families

Question 8

Due to British influences, the Indian population increased from 100 million in 1700 to how many million in 1920?

A) 150
B) 250
C) 300

Question 9

Which of the few industries to be allowed to develop under British rule was started by Sir Dorabji Tata in India in 1907?

A) Cotton textiles
B) Steel
C) Rubber

Question 10

Which of the following groups generally supported the Indian National Congress?

A) Upper-class Hindus
B) The Muslim minority in India
C) India's peasants and workers

Question 11

Sayyid Ahmad Khan founded the college Aligarh to mix Islam with what?

A) Hindu scientific thought
B) Western learning
C) Buddhism

Question 12

Most Indians who emigrated to places like Trinidad, Malaya, and South Africa in the nineteenth century did so for what reason?

A) A labor shortage in those places, as well as poverty in India
B) British laws requiring skilled workers to emigrate elsewhere in the empire
C) Religious persecution and a desire to escape the caste system

Question 13

Which of the following became the focus of agriculture in British India?

A) Food crops
B) Cash crops
C) Cover crops

Question 14

Which of the following factors contributed to the rise of Indian nationalism?

A) British exclusion of Indians from government administration
B) The division of India under many separate governments
C) A lack of any Indian-produced newspapers

Question 15

What European nation attempted to conquer Vietnam during the mid-nineteenth century?

A) Britain
B) The Netherlands
C) France

Question 16

In order to increase profits, the British East India Company insisted that taxes be paid with what?

A) Labor
B) Crops
C) Money

Question 17

What form of Islam became popular in Bengal and northwest India in the nineteenth century?

A) Sufism
B) Wahhabism
C) Ahmadiyya

Question 18

Which school of thought mixed Hindu spiritual beliefs with what scientific ideas from the West?

A) Theosophy
B) Orientalism
C) Jainism

Question 19

The 1857-1858 Indian uprising motivated the British government to respond how?

A) It took over direct administration of India from the East India Company.
B) It led Britain to abandon most of its Indian empire.
C) It caused the Company to favor Muslims over Hindus, who were seen as disloyal.

Question 20

The 1857 uprising was sparked by which of the following policies enraging both Hindu and Muslim communities?

A) Issuing cartridges lubricated by beef and pork fat
B) Requiring all Indian sepoys to convert to Christianity
C) Granting equal rights to Indian men and women

Question 21

Among the cash crops Europeans forced Southeast Asians to grow, which were the most important to European industrial processes?

A) Rice and spices
B) Rubber and palm oil
C) Coffee and tea

Question 22

The main base from which Britain moved into Southeast Asia which of the following?

A) Penang
B) Mekala
C) Singapore

Question 23

The only Southeast Asian colony with a significant degree of self-government was which of the following?

A) British Malaya
B) French Indochina
C) American Philippines

Question 24

Siam's Mongkut, before becoming king, had spent years as which of the following?

A) British employee
B) Student in London
C) Buddhist monk

Question 25

How did Clive achieve victory in India?

Question 26

Which is the best description of the "the White Man's Burden"?

A) A belief that white men of European descent had a special responsibility to rule the world because of their advanced civilization
B) A belief that white European civilization places all of its main burdens on men and that women were largely free from such burdens unfairly
C) A belief that white Europeans were destroying other cultures and societies and would forever have to live with the burden of that guilt

Question 27

Describe Britain's early efforts to administer Bengal.

Question 28

The Marathas were followers of what religion?

A) Islam
B) Hinduism
C) Sikhism

Question 29

Who were the orientalists, and what were their opinions on India?

Question 30

The main crop that the British encouraged in Malaysia was which of the following?

A) Coffee
B) Opium
C) Rubber

Question 31

Many immigrants from what background prospered as merchants in colonial Southeast Asia?

A) Chinese
B) Europeans
C) Indians

Question 32

Who won the Battle of Plassey in 1757 and captured Calcutta?

A) Maratha forces
B) Mughal armies
C) British and allied Indian forces

Question 33

How was the EIC able to pursue such an aggressive policy of expansion and warmaking?

Question 34

In what context did U.S. forces occupy the Philippines in 1898?

A) During a war between the United States and Spain
B) During a major typhoon that destroyed Manila
C) During an insurgency against American rule

Question 35

The French formed Indochina by federating Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia for what reason?

A) To make administration and control easier
B) To suppress nationalist movement
C) To better reflect the true human geography of the region

Question 36

When the Dutch took over Bali, what was the response of the Balinese royal family?

A) They exiled themselves to Malay.
B) They led a revolt against the Dutch.
C) They committed collective suicide.

Question 37

Describe how the EIC governed India.

Question 38

The only country in Southeast Asia to resist European rule successfully was which of the following?

A) Vietnam
B) Siam (Thailand)
C) Australia

Question 39

The development of which of the following led to a collapse in one of Malaya's most important exports?

A) Oil-burning ships
B) Airplanes
C) Synthetic rubber

Question 40

How did the British government respond to Clive's actions?

Question 41

Why did the India population triple by 1920?

Question 42

Why did Filipinos revolt against Spanish rule?

Question 43

Why did the British Crown replace the EIC as the administrators in India after 1858?

Question 44

How did France come to control Vietnam in the 1800s?

Question 45

Why did the Raj insist on keeping Indians out of government?

Question 46

How was Siam able to avoid conflict with European powers?

Question 47

Why did many Indians migrate and where did they go?

Question 48

How did journalism help spread anti-colonialism in India?

Question 49

How did colonial rule bring Southeast Asia into the European-dominated global economy?

Question 50

Describe Dutch colonial administration in Indonesia in the 1800s.

Question 51

Why did Filipinos resist American occupation?

Question 52

What were the key principles of British East India Company administration of Bengal? What were the results of the policies based on them?

Question 53

Describe the relationship between the princely states and the Raj.

Question 54

In the eighteenth century, British India was administered by which of the following?

A) The British Colonial Office
B) The British India Office
C) The East India Company

Question 55

Why were Southeast Asian resources particularly valuable to European colonial powers in the late 1800s and early 1900s?

Question 56

Describe British imperial expansion in Southeast Asia in the 1800s.

Question 57

Did the British government intend to conquer India? Support your argument with examples.

Question 58

Describe the economic policies of the Raj.

Question 59

How did colonialism change society in Southeast Asia?

Question 60

What, in general, was the British approach to colonial education in India?

A) Emphasize European knowledge; Ignore Indian heritage.
B) Education should be reserved for white colonial civil servants.
C) Close down Indian schools altogether.

Question 61

How did the Raj's land and industrial policies create systemic Indian dependency upon the colonial government and European markets?

Question 62

To what extent did colonialism depend on collaboration by some part of the colonized population? Give examples to support your argument.

Question 63

What political, economic, and social reforms did the EIC make in India? Did these reforms strengthen or weaken EIC control over Indian society?

Question 64

What is the Indian diaspora? What conditions created it? How extensive was it? What are its legacies today?

Question 65

After defeating the counterinsurgency, what was the U.S. policy toward the Philippines? To what extent did U.S. colonial administration in the Philippines differ to other European colonial administrations?

Question 66

What importance did Southeast Asia have to European empires? Was European interest in the region primarily economic or strategic?

Question 67

To what extent was the Spanish and American experience of counterinsurgency in the Philippines similar? Why was the United States able to achieve victory?

Question 68

Why did the Raj encourage such a rapid growth in the Indian population? What effects did this have for the Raj and for India?

Question 69

How did Buddhist Sinhalese in Sri Lanka view the Tamils?

A) They were unwelcome and seen as in league with the British.
B) They were welcomed because they shared a religion.
C) They did not pay much attention to the Tamils.

Question 70

How did British expansion in Southeast Asia differ to Dutch expansion in Indonesia? How were they similar? Did they have similar results?

Question 71

What similarities were there between the French occupation of Vietnam and the British occupation of Burma? What differences were there?

Question 72

The British moved into Afghanistan for what reason?

A) They feared its Islamic revivalism.
B) They wanted to head off any Russian influence on the Indian border.
C) They wanted its oil.

Question 73

What were some of the main currents of Indian nationalism? Were Indian anti-colonialists necessarily demanding Indian independence?

Question 74

What role did sepoys play in British India before 1857?

A) They were important military advisors brought in by the company to instruct Indian soldiers.
B) They were Indian soldiers on whom the company relied for security and power.
C) They were important governors in the states not under Company administration.

Question 75

For what purposes did the Raj develop India's infrastructure? Who had access to this infrastructure and how did these regulations strengthen the Raj's control over India?

Question 76

Which of the following was a cause of the 1857 Revolt?

A) A call for Indian independence as a national state
B) Growing support for Christianity in India
C) Company suppression of Muslim and Hindu customs

Question 77

Describe Siamese policies toward Europe, China, and regional neighbors. Which of these policies was most important to Siam's retention of its independence in the 1800s?