Deck 10: The Rise, Power, and Connections of the Islamic World, 600-1500

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the Bedouins?

A) Nomadic pastoralists
B) Urban council of senior males
C) Landed aristocracy

Answer 1

Nomadic pastoralists

Question 2

During which Crusade did Saladin stem the Christian advance and spare those who surrendered in Jerusalem?

A) The First Crusade, 1095-1099
B) The Second Crusade, 1147-1149
C) The Third Crusade, 1189-1192

Answer 2

The Third Crusade, 1189-1192

Question 3

Islamic texts on what subject formed the basis of Europeans practice in this field for five centuries beginning in the twelfth century?

A) Medicine
B) Archaeology
C) Geology

Answer 3

Medicine

Question 4

The anti-Abbasid Shi'ites who established the Fatimid Caliphate named it after which figure?

A) The last Umayyad ruler
B) Muhammad's daughter
C) The first Muslim follower

Question 5

Which of the following best describes slavery in Islamic culture?

A) The Quran explicitly forbade the practice of slavery.
B) Slavery was common and slaves served in a variety of roles.
C) Only the sultan of a given society could own slaves.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the Umayyad?

A) Being direct descendants of Muhammad, they established the most pious of kingdoms.
B) Though they did little to expand the Islamic empire, their strict attention to Shari'a enabled them to reign for hundreds of years.
C) Though they did a great deal to expand the Islamic empire, they incurred a great deal of opposition because of their lax morals.

Question 7

The work of Ibn Khaldun explored themes connect to which of the following?

A) Mathematics and astronomy
B) Physics and geography
C) Social sciences and the humanities

Question 8

What was the capital of Moorish Spain established the Umayyads in the eighth century?

A) Barcelona
B) Madrid
C) Cordoba

Question 9

Which of the following replaced the Umayyad after their downfall?

A) Muhammad's son-in-law, Ali
B) The Abbasid Caliphate
C) Muhammad's widow, A'isha

Question 10

What is the core tenet of Sufism?

A) Devote one's life to theological study.
B) Devote one's life to personal spiritual experience.
C) Devote one's life to pure rational thought.

Question 11

Which of the following is true of Islam's attitude toward literacy?

A) It strictly forbade literacy among all but the ruling class.
B) It emphasized the importance of literacy and the acquisition of knowledge.
C) It neither celebrated literacy nor punished the literate.

Question 12

Which imperial dynasty made its capital in Baghdad?

A) The Abbasid
B) The Umayyad
C) The Sunni

Question 13

Which of the following best describes calligraphy?

A) A form of poetry written to be read aloud
B) A form of writing rendered in an artful style
C) A form of literature devoted to the worship of Allah

Question 14

Which of the following pondered the meaning of existence in his poem Rubaiyat ?

A) Ibn Battuta
B) Jalal al-Din Rumi
C) Omar Khayyam

Question 15

Where did Muhammad Ibn Abdullah establish the religion of Islam?

A) Northern India
B) Central Persia
C) The Arabian Peninsula

Question 16

Which of the following did Shari'a harshly punish yet its existence is well documented?

A) Quran readings in public
B) The writing and recitation of poetry
C) Homosexual relationships

Question 17

Which of the following do Muslim women not enjoy as a protection afforded by the Quran?

A) Equal standing in courts
B) A limit on the number of wives a man can have
C) Prevention of female infanticide

Question 18

During what years did the Umayyad dynasty hold power?

A) 600-661
B) 661-750
C) 750-1258

Question 19

Which of the following best describes Muslims' views on government and religion?

A) There should be strict separation between "church and state."
B) There is no difference between government and religion.
C) There is no place for religion in political decision making.

Question 20

Which of the following sacked Baghdad effectively bringing the Abbasid dynasty to an end?

A) The Mongols
B) The Berbers
C) The Kurds

Question 21

Describe Muhammad.

Question 22

What similarities and differences did Islam have to other local religions arising in the 600s and 700s?

Question 23

What was the Rashidun?

Question 24

Like Judaism and Christianity, the central texts of Islam were compiled when?

A) As the events described within occurred
B) In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries
C) Decades or centuries after the events described within

Question 25

How did Islam spread?

Question 26

An imperial state headed by an Islamic ruler is known as what?

A) An umma
B) A caliphate
C) A hijra

Question 27

Why did Muhammad flee Mecca for Medina?

Question 28

Which of the following groups conquered much of the Byzantine Empire by the fourteenth century?

A) The Mamluks
B) The Mongols
C) The Ottoman Turks

Question 29

Which of the following produced world histories that give us much information about the Mongol Empire?

A) Genghis Khan
B) The Il-Khanids
C) Ibn Khaldun

Question 30

Why did Islam spread as quickly as it did?

Question 31

What are the Quran's central teachings?

Question 32

Which of the following continents did the Muslim maritime trading system not incorporate?

A) Asia
B) Africa
C) Australia

Question 33

Who were Muhammad's early supporters and opponents?

Question 34

What was Muhammad's message?

Question 35

Which of the following caused the phenomenon known as the Black Death in the fourteenth century?

A) Bubonic plague
B) Christian Crusaders
C) Chemical warfare

Question 36

Until what year did the Ottoman Empire exist?

A) 1453
B) 1699
C) 1923

Question 37

Genghis Khan led which group of pastoral nomads?

A) The Mamluks
B) The Mongols
C) The Timurids

Question 38

Which of the following served as the primary goal of the Crusades?

A) To wrest control of Central Asia from the Sufis
B) To wrest control of what Christians considered the Holy Land from Muslims
C) To wrest control of Greece from Greek Orthodox Christians

Question 39

What was the relationship between Islamic expansion and trade?

Question 40

Who were the Seljuks?

A) Muslim Turks
B) Greek-speaking Orthodox Christians
C) Semitic peoples from Samarkand

Question 41

How did Islam mix, or not, with local beliefs and customs in Africa?

Question 42

What was the fate of Islamic rule in Spain?

Question 43

How did the Abbasids rule their empire?

Question 44

How did Islamic rulers in Spain govern?

Question 45

What problems existed in the Abbasid Empire?

Question 46

How did the Abbasids come to power?

Question 47

How were the Byzantines part of the Crusades?

Question 48

Describe the Mongol advance across Asia.

Question 49

What reactions were there to Umayyad takeover and rule?

Question 50

How did the Umayyads come to power?

Question 51

Describe the outcomes of the Crusades.

Question 52

Describe Sufism and its supporters.

Question 53

Describe the participants of the Crusades.

Question 54

What is the significance of the city of Medina to Islam?

A) It is where Muhammad built his first mosque.
B) It is where Muhammad experienced his first visions.
C) It is where Muhammad met and married his wife.

Question 55

How did the Umayyads maintain their power?

Question 56

What are the followers of Islam called?

A) Meccans
B) Muslims
C) Medinans

Question 57

Describe the Pope's role in the Crusades.

Question 58

How did Islam mix, or not, with local benefits and customs in Eurasia?

Question 59

How did trade affect the spread of Islam?

Question 60

How did the end of the Abbasid caliph affect the Islamic world?

Question 61

Describe the origins of Samarkand.

Question 62

What is the difference between the Quran and the Hadith, and where do they overlap?

Question 63

What conflicts did Islamic expansion create?

Question 64

How did relations between the Umayyads and Byzantines influence Umayyad rule?

Question 65

How did Abbasids differ from the Umayyads and what similarities existed between them?

Question 66

What conflicts arose on Muhammad's death?

Question 67

Describe the key principles and results of Avicenna's work.

Question 68

What was more significant to Abbasid decline, internal or external challenges?

Question 69

How did Islamic rulers treat non-Muslim subjects and why?

Question 70

What were the short-term and long-term consequences of the Crusades?

Question 71

Describe the conflict between Mongols and Abbasids.

Question 72

Describe how the Sunni/Shia split came about and what consequences there were.

Question 73

In Islam, a spiritual, moral, and intellectual struggle to enhance personal faith and follow the Quran is known as what?

A) Hijra
B) Caliph
C) Jihad

Question 74

How did historical context shape early Islamic teachings?

Question 75

How did Mongols rule their territory in the Islamic world?

Question 76

Describe the Islamic world after the fall of the Abbasids.

Question 77

How did the Black Death affect Mongol rule?

Question 78

What motivated people to join the Crusades and were their goals met?

Question 79

Compiled during the ninth and tenth centuries, what does the Hadith contain?

A) A collection of the remembered visions and revelations of Muhammad
B) A collection of essays written by Muhammad before he passed away
C) A collection of the remembered words and deeds of Muhammad

Question 80

How did the Mamluks come to power?