Deck 5: Emotionalbehavioral Problems and Counseling

Question 1

According to the American Psychiatric Association, which of the following is classified as a paraphilic disorder?

A) ​Catatonic disorder
B) ​Delusional disorder
C) ​Transvestic disorder
D) Dissociative amnesia

Answer 1

C

Question 2

According to the American Psychiatric Association, which of the following is considered an anxiety disorder?

A) ​Encopresis
B) Delusional disorder
C) ​Agoraphobia
D) ​Anorexia nervosa

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following is a medical treatment that is based on the notion that mental disorders are physiological?

A) ​​Institutionalization
B) ​Use of psychotropics
C) Prefrontal lobotomy
D) Counseling

Answer 3

C

Question 4

_____ is a psychotic condition characterized by disturbances of language and communication, thought, perception, affect, and behavior and lasting longer than six months.

A) ​Schizophrenia
B) Down syndrome
C) ​Hydrocephalus
D) Huntington's disease

Question 5

In the past 50 years, one of the major developments in the treatment of the severely disturbed was the discovery and use of psychoactive drugs. The other was:

A) ​deinstitutionalization.
B) psychoanalysis.
C) ​almshouses.
D) lobotomies.

Question 6

According to the American Psychiatric Association, which of the following is classified as obsessive-compulsive and related disorders?

A) ​Anorexia nervosa
B) ​Agoraphobia
C) ​Catatonic disorder
D) Trichotillomania

Question 7

The major developments in the treatment of the severely disturbed include all of the following, except:

A) ​discovery and use of psychotropic drugs.
B) long-term hospitalization.
C) ​deinstitutionalization.

Question 8

According to the classification of emotional/behavioral disorders by Thomas Szasz, depression falls under the category of _____.

A) personality changes
B) ​brain deterioration
C) ​personal disabilities
D) antisocial acts

Question 9

Albert Ellis asserts that one can gain an understanding of what would have prevented offenders from committing unusual offenses, if:

A) one trains the offenders and works together with them to improve their self-awareness.
B) one looks at what the offenders were thinking when they committed the crime.
C) one can manage to convince the offenders to take psychotropic drugs.
D) one briefs the offenders about the seriousness of the punishments of crimes.

Question 10

Health maintenance organizations (HMOs) serve the purpose of containing costs in the plans of managed mental health care, which is mainly done by restricting client benefits. An example of such restrictions is:

A) ​decreasing the use of psychotropic medication as the primary treatment approach.
B) ​limiting the number of visits for outpatient psychotherapy.
C) ​decreasing deductibles and copayments.
D) ​increasing the number of days covered for inpatient care.

Question 11

Which of the following is true of managed mental health care?

A) It follows the person-in-environment approach.
B) It ignores the medical model approach.
C) It gives rise to complex issues surrounding confidentiality.
D) It prescribes expensive medication and psychotherapy to treat chronic mental disorders.

Question 12

The _____ Act, passed in 1963, provided for transferring the care and treatment of the majority of mentally ill people from state hospitals to their home communities.

A) ​Community Mental Health Centers
B) ​Community Residential Care
C) ​National Deinstitutionalization
D) ​Locality Development

Question 13

All of the following are steps to becoming labeled mentally ill except:

A) a person displaying strange, deviant behaviors.
B) a family or community no longer tolerating a person's behavior.
C) the mental health professionals believing in the medical model and assigning a mental illness label to a person.
D) ​a person self-administering psychotropic drugs.

Question 14

​_____ means that a patient accepts treatment after receiving a full and understandable explanation of the treatment being offered and making a decision based on his or her own judgment of the risks and benefits of the treatment.

A) ​Confidentiality
B) ​Informed consent
C) ​Consensus
D) ​Self-containment

Question 15

​According to _____, emotional problems were mental illnesses that resulted from early traumatic experiences, internal psychological conflicts, fixations at various stages of development, and unconscious psychological processes.

A) ​Sigmund Freud
B) ​Albert Ellis
C) ​Thomas Szasz
D) ​Maxie Maultsby

Question 16

Thomas Szasz categorizes all of the so-called mental illnesses into three types of emotional/behavioral disorders. In which of the following types does homicide fall?

A) ​Personal disabilities
B) Antisocial acts
C) Deterioration of the brain with associated personality changes.

Question 17

Prior to the 19th century, the severely disturbed in the United States were confined in _____.

A) ​poorhouses
B) ​almshouses
C) ​penitentiaries
D) ​mental asylums

Question 18

In 1982, _____ was found innocent by reason of insanity for the attempted assassination of President Reagan.

A) ​Kenneth Bianchi
B) ​Dan White
C) ​John Hinckley, Jr.
D) ​Harvey Milk

Question 19

​Thomas Scheff asserted Szasz's hypothesis of mental illness by:

A) affirming that the major determinants are not outside a person but within a person.
B) stating that the symptoms of mental illness can be viewed as violations of social norms and that he uses the term mental illness only to refer to those assigned such a label by professionals.
C) stating that labeling is not a significant enough factor to be considered a determinant of mental illness.

Question 20

Thomas Szasz categorizes all of the so-called mental illnesses into three categories of emotional/behavioral disorders. Which of the following used to be in the category of antisocial acts but was removed from the American Psychiatric Association's list of mental illnesses in 1974?

A) Alzheimer's disease
B) Chronic alcoholism
C) ​Suicide
D) ​Homicide

Question 21

A person suffering from anorexia nervosa (AN) experiences weight loss through dietary restraint, abstention from food, or excessive exercise.

Question 22

Rational self-analysis (RSA), which is very useful in alleviating undesirable emotions, was developed by _____.

A) Maxie Maultsby
B) Thomas Scheff
C) Sigmund Freud
D) ​Thomas Szasz

Question 23

​According to Thomas Szasz, the notion that people who have emotional problems are mentally ill is as absurd as the belief that the emotionally disturbed are possessed by demons.

Question 24

Mental-illness labels have a boundary effect, as they identify what behaviors a society defines as "sick," with pressures being put on citizens to avoid such behaviors.

Question 25

​The major evidence for the validity of the medical model approach to viewing and diagnosing people with emotional disturbances and abnormal behavior comes from studies suggesting that some mental disorders, such as schizophrenia, may be influenced by genetics (heredity).

Question 26

Changes with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5) for bulimia nervosa include three diagnostic elements that focus on persistent food or energy intake restriction; an intense fear of weight gain, becoming "fat" and exhibiting behavior which demonstrates a fear of weight gain; and a disturbance in perceptions of one's body that results in a lack of recognition and denial of being underweight.

Question 27

According to Thomas Scheff, labeling is the most important determinant of people's displaying a chronic mental illness.

Question 28

In order to build a relation with a client, a counselor must:

A) ​convey sympathy to the client.
B) view the client as an equal.
C) be moralistic.
D) suggest solutions as soon as a problem is identified.

Question 29

Caplan points out that there is not much variation among different cultures regarding what is defined as a mental illness.

Question 30

Requirements for membership in the Register of Clinical Social Workers, established by the National Association of Social Workers (NASW), include all of the following except:

A) ​active membership in the Academy of Certified Social Workers or a state license that requires an examination.
B) five years of postgraduate clinical social work experience, supervised by a clinical social worker with at least five years of experience.
C) a master's or doctoral degree in social work from a graduate school accredited by the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE).

Question 31

​By asserting that mental illness is a myth, Szasz is saying that people do not have emotional problems.

Question 32

Deinstitutionalization of state mental hospitals is one of the reasons for the large increase in the number of homeless population.

Question 33

When a counselor believes that a client has touched on an important area of concern, he or she can encourage further communication by any of the following ways except:

A) ​avoiding pauses and saying something to continue conversation.
B) ​summarizing what the client is saying.
C) reflecting feelings.
D) using neutral probes.

Question 34

Because there is no known "cure," the emotionally disturbed individuals unwantedly have to assume responsibility for their own behavior, examine the reasons for their problems, and make efforts to improve.

Question 35

​Social workers were first employed in the mental health field in 1906 to take social histories of newly admitted patients to:

A) ​Hull House in Chicago.
B) ​Bellevue Hospital in Boston.
C) ​Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore.
D) ​Manhattan State Hospital in New York City.

Question 36

An adverse effect of being labeled mentally ill is that the people may believe they have a disease for which unfortunately there is no known cure and start using this as an excuse for not taking responsibility for their actions.

Question 37

​Albert Ellis asserts that the primary determinant of all of our actions is our thoughts.

Question 38

​The risk factors for developing an eating disorder include biological, social, familial, and cultural aspects.

Question 39

While exploring alternative solutions to a counselee's problems, in which of the following circumstances should the counselee's right to self-determination be taken away?

A) ​When the counselee becomes overly dependent on the counselor, seeking his or her advice for nearly every decision in the future
B) ​If the counselee refuses to take responsibility for those tasks that she or he has the capacity to carry out
C) ​When the counselee attempts to break a contract with a counselor
D) If the selected course of action has a high probability of seriously hurting others or the counselee

Question 40

Which of the following is a destructive way to deal with an unwanted emotion?

A) ​Altering irrational thinking
B) ​Indulging in food
C) ​Changing the distressing event
D) ​Participating in a meaningful activity

Question 41

Health maintenance organization (HMO), an example of a managed-care system, functions to serve the purpose of containing costs in the plans of managed mental health care, which is mainly done by restricting client benefits.

Question 42

Briefly summarize the guidelines to guide counselors for building a relationship with a client during counselling.

Question 43

One of the major functions of health maintenance organizations (HMOs) includes establishing policies and procedures that regulate benefits, payments, and providers in mental health-care systems.

Question 44

Rational therapy asserts that people often cannot control events that happen to them, but they have the power to think rationally and thereby change all of their unwanted emotions and ineffective actions by self-talk.

Question 45

Write a short note on the role of social workers in the mental health field.

Question 46

The concept of evidence-based practice evolved in the field of medicine in response to the realization that mental hospitals, instead of "curing" the disturbed, were frequently perpetuating disturbed behavior via long-term hospitalization.

Question 47

There are three mutually exclusive, collectively exhaustive phases to the counseling process: building a relationship between counselor and counselee, exploring counselee's problems in depth, and exploring alternative solutions for those problems.

Question 48

Deinstitutionalization is a concept encouraging the treatment of those who are emotionally disturbed by long-term or permanent hospitalization.

Question 49

In some societies, people with deviant behavior have been valued highly and have even been treated as prophets possessing supernatural powers.

Question 50

An argument for eliminating the insanity plea in criminal-court proceedings is that people are using the plea to seek refuge from being held responsible for their felonies.

Question 51

Write a short note on nature and extent of emotional and behavioral problems.

Question 52

Rational therapy asserts that emotions are primarily determined by people's experiences.

Question 53

Briefly discuss the reasons for increase in the number of homeless and the possible solutions.

Question 54

Thomas Scheff hypothesized that labeling is the most important determinant of people's displaying a chronic mental illness. Summarize Scheff's theory and discuss the implications of this theory. Present your opinion of the merits and shortcomings of this theory.

Question 55

Briefly describe and distinguish between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.

Question 56

​The primary therapy approach used to treat people with emotional or behavioral problems is psychotherapy or counseling.

Question 57

​Summarize the arguments on both sides regarding whether the plea of innocent by reason of insanity should be used in criminal cases. Present your opinion on this issue.

Question 58

​Which approach (the medical approach or the interactional approach) do you believe is more accurate in identifying why someone has an emotional or behavioral problem? Why?

Question 59

​Psychotropic drugs have been found to be very effective in curing emotional problems.

Question 60

​Research studies have shown that the rate of improvement for those undergoing psychoanalysis is greater than that of those receiving no treatment.

Question 61

​Briefly describe the three constructive ways to change an unwanted emotion.

Question 62

Briefly discuss the destructive ways of dealing with unwanted emotions.

Question 63

Briefly describe the suggestions to guide counselors in helping clients explore problems in depth.

Question 64

Define the terms counseling, therapy, and psychotherapy.