Deck 9: Muscular System

Question 1

Which group of muscles is located on the posterior thigh?

A) Rotator cuff muscles
B) Quadriceps femoris
C) Hamstrings
D) Muscles of mastication

Answer 1

Hamstrings

Question 2

The levator palpebrae superioris

A) purses the lips.
B) allows one to whistle.
C) raises the eyelids.
D) wiggles the nose.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The quadriceps femoris group and the hamstrings

A) lie along the anterior part of the leg.
B) flex the foot.
C) lie along the thigh.
D) shrug the shoulders.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which group of muscles moves the arm at the shoulder?

A) Quadriceps femoris group
B) Hamstrings
C) Rotator cuff muscles
D) Muscles of mastication

Question 5

The biceps femoris,semitendinosus,and semimembranosus

A) flex the foot.
B) attach to the patella.
C) are the hamstrings.
D) are located on the anterior thigh.

Question 6

Which muscle attaches to the cranial aponeurosis and wrinkles the forehead?

A) Frontalis
B) Buccinator
C) Orbicularis oculi
D) Platysma

Question 7

The rectus femoris,vastus lateralis,vastus medialis,and vastus intermedius

A) insert on the calcaneus.
B) flex the leg at the knee.
C) are antagonistic to the quadriceps femoris.
D) are the muscles of the quadriceps femoris.

Question 8

Which large muscle extends the thigh at the hip?

A) Sartorius
B) Hamstring
C) Rotator cuff
D) Latissimus dorsi

Question 9

Which of the following forms cross-bridges with actin?

A) Sarcoplasmic reticulum
B) T tubules
C) Myosin
D) Sarcolemma

Question 10

Which muscle is located in the lower extremities?

A) Peroneus longus
B) Latissimus dorsi
C) Serratus anterior
D) Pectoralis major

Question 11

Actin is

A) located within the neuromuscular junction.
B) a contractile protein that is part of the thin filament.
C) called the thick filament.
D) stored within the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Question 12

Which flat muscle covers the forehead and raises the eyebrows (for a "surprised" look)?

A) Frontalis
B) Zygomaticus
C) Masseter
D) Buccinator

Question 13

The smiling muscle is the

A) buccinator.
B) zygomaticus.
C) frontalis.
D) orbicularis oris.

Question 14

"Pumping iron" is most likely to cause

A) atrophy.
B) contracture formation.
C) hypertrophy.
D) muscular dystrophy.

Question 15

The orbicularis oris muscle

A) surrounds the mouth.
B) flexes the head.
C) is the smiling muscle.
D) closes the eye.

Question 16

The brachialis and brachioradialis

A) flex the forearm at the elbow.
B) extend the hand.
C) are antagonistic to the biceps brachii.
D) shrug the shoulders.

Question 17

Which of the following muscles is described as striated and involuntary?

A) Aponeurosis
B) Smooth
C) Skeletal
D) Cardiac

Question 18

Which muscles are located between the ribs and help move the rib cage during breathing?

A) Diaphragm
B) Sternocleidomastoid
C) Serratus anterior
D) Intercostal muscles

Question 19

Which muscle is located on the posterior area of the body?

A) Latissimus dorsi
B) Pectoralis major
C) Quadriceps femoris
D) Sternocleidomastoid

Question 20

Which of the following is not a facial muscle?

A) Orbicularis oculi
B) Zygomaticus
C) Sternocleidomastoid
D) Frontalis

Question 21

Which of the following "muscle words" refers to the chest?

A) Rectus
B) Latissimus
C) Vastus
D) Pectoralis

Question 22

Which muscle are you using as you turn your head down and to the left and then to the right?

A) Sternocleidomastoid
B) Frontalis
C) Pectoralis major
D) Diaphragm

Question 23

Joey has had his leg in a non-weight-bearing cast for 8 weeks.When the cast is removed,the diameter of the leg appears smaller than the uninjured leg.Which term best describes this observation?

A) Contracture
B) Hypertrophy
C) Muscle dystrophy
D) Disuse atrophy

Question 24

Which muscle covers the shoulder like a shoulder pad?

A) Deltoid
B) Trapezius
C) Biceps brachii
D) Sternocleidomastoid

Question 25

What is the name of the cord of connective tissue that connects muscle to bone?

A) Ligament
B) Tendon
C) Linea alba
D) Aponeurosis

Question 26

Which muscles are located on the inner (medial)surface of the thigh and move the thigh toward the midline of the body?

A) Gastrocnemius
B) Quadriceps femoris
C) Adductors
D) Sartorius

Question 27

Where is the vastus lateralis located?

A) Arm
B) Thigh
C) Chest
D) Back

Question 28

Which of the following is responsible for muscle relaxation?

A) The sarcomere runs out of ATP.
B) Calcium floods the area of the sarcomere, allowing for the interaction of actin and myosin.
C) Calcium is pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
D) Acetylcholinesterase in the neuromuscular junction is depleted.

Question 29

Which muscle lies along the anterior surface of the humerus and acts synergistically with the brachialis and brachioradialis to flex the forearm at the elbow?

A) Deltoid
B) Triceps brachii
C) Biceps brachii
D) Latissimus dorsi

Question 30

Which of the following is a series of contractile units that make up each myofibril (each unit extends from Z line to Z line)?

A) Sarcomeres
B) Synapses
C) Fascicles
D) Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 31

What is the function of the masseter muscle?

A) Adducts the thigh
B) Chews food
C) Lifts the eyelid
D) Flexes the forearm at the elbow

Question 32

The sarcoplasmic reticulum

A) stores ACh.
B) is located within the neuromuscular junction.
C) envelops the sarcomere-containing myofibrils.
D) is a contractile protein.

Question 33

"Make like a scarecrow" by contracting which muscle?

A) Frontalis
B) Trapezius
C) Latissimus dorsi
D) Deltoid

Question 34

Which structure is an extension of the sarcolemma or cell membrane,which penetrates the interior of the muscle and carries the electrical signal to the deepest part of the muscle?

A) Sarcoplasmic reticulum
B) T tubule
C) Z line
D) Tendon

Question 35

The gastrocnemius and the soleus are commonly called the

A) swimmer's muscles.
B) toe dancer's muscles.
C) rotator cuff muscles.
D) trumpeter's muscles.

Question 36

Which muscle is located in the upper back and posterior neck region (contraction of this muscle causes you to look up at the sky)?

A) Pectoralis major
B) Sternocleidomastoid
C) Trapezius
D) Diaphragm

Question 37

Which of the following describes a muscle that remains in a contracted state?

A) Twitch
B) Tetany
C) Atrophy
D) Hypertrophy

Question 38

Acetylcholine is released from the prejunctional membrane in response to the

A) nerve impulse.
B) binding of the myosin heads to actin.
C) release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
D) inactivation of acetylcholinesterase.

Question 39

What is the site of calcium storage in a relaxed skeletal muscle?

A) T tubule
B) Neuromuscular junction
C) Fascicle
D) Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 40

Which muscle separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities and is also the chief breathing muscle?

A) Serratus anterior
B) Intercostal muscle
C) Sternocleidomastoid
D) Diaphragm

Question 41

Which muscle lies along the posterior surface of the arm and extends the forearm and is used to bear weight in crutch walking?

A) Biceps brachii
B) Biceps femoris
C) Deltoid
D) Triceps brachii

Question 42

Muscle relaxation

A) is a response to the binding of ACh to the receptor.
B) occurs when calcium is pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
C) is a response to the inactivation of acetylcholinesterase by ACh.
D) occurs when the tendons lengthen.

Question 43

Which of the following is an event that occurs within the neuromuscular junction?

A) Sliding of actin and myosin
B) Pumping of calcium back into the SR
C) Binding of the acetylcholine to the nicotinic receptor on the muscle membrane
D) Release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 44

Which of the following increases the force of contraction of a whole muscle?

A) Twitch
B) Contracture
C) Ossification
D) Recruitment

Question 45

Which group is incorrect?

A) Muscles in the lower extremities: hamstrings, quadriceps, gastrocnemius
B) Muscles involved in breathing: diaphragm, intercostals, hamstrings
C) Terms that describe the muscle activity of a whole muscle: twitch, tetany
D) Muscles in the upper extremities: triceps brachii, biceps brachii, pronators

Question 46

Which type of muscle requires stimulation by a somatic motor neuron?

A) Visceral
B) Smooth
C) Cardiac
D) Skeletal

Question 47

With regard to skeletal muscle contraction,which event comes first?

A) Cross-bridge formation between actin and myosin
B) Release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
C) Activation of the NM receptor within the neuromuscular junction
D) Release of neurotransmitter (ACh) from the somatic motor neuron

Question 48

On which large muscle do you sit?

A) Latissimus dorsi
B) Gastrocnemius
C) Gluteus maximus
D) Rectus femoris

Question 49

The rectus,transversus,internal oblique,and external oblique refer to

A) smooth muscles.
B) abdominal muscles.
C) breathing muscles.
D) muscles that are located on the back and work synergistically with the latissimus dorsi.

Question 50

With regard to skeletal muscle contraction,which event comes last?

A) Shortening of the sarcomere
B) Release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
C) Activation of the NM receptors by ACh
D) Release of neurotransmitter (ACh) from the somatic motor neuron

Question 51

Recruitment increases the

A) force of muscle contraction.
B) amount of cholinesterase in the neuromuscular junction.
C) number of motor units that are activated.
D) Two of the above are true.

Question 52

The force of muscle contraction is most related to the

A) amount of calcium that is stored within the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
B) amount of neurotransmitter released from the prejunctional vesicles.
C) numbers of cross-bridges formed between actin and myosin.
D) size of the somatic motor neuron.

Question 53

Which of the following describes actin and myosin?

A) Considered contractile proteins
B) Form force-generating cross-bridges
C) Sliding filaments
D) All of the above

Question 54

The somatic motor nerve that supplies the muscles of the thigh has been severed; therefore,the person

A) will be able to walk only if he or she receives IV calcium.
B) cannot walk.
C) can walk but has no feeling in the lower extremities.
D) can stand but cannot walk.

Question 55

Which of the following generates the force that causes the filaments to slide past each other?

A) Binding of the acetylcholine to the NM receptor in the neuromuscular junction
B) The interaction of acetylcholine and cholinesterase
C) The rotation of the myosin head on the actin
D) The pumping of calcium into the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 56

Which of the following "slide" in the sliding filament hypothesis?

A) Calcium and ATP
B) Sarcoplasm and T tubules
C) Actin and myosin
D) Epimysium and perimysium

Question 57

The Achilles tendon attaches the soleus and which muscle to the calcaneus?

A) Sartorius
B) Quadriceps femoris
C) Gastrocnemius
D) Vastus lateralis

Question 58

Which group is incorrect?

A) Types of striated muscle: skeletal, cardiac, smooth
B) Movements: extension, pronation, adduction
C) Movements: flexion, supination, abduction
D) Muscles of the face: frontalis, buccinator, masseter

Question 59

As the electrical signal travels through the T tubules,it causes the

A) release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
B) release of the neurotransmitter ACh from the axon terminal in the neuromuscular junction.
C) inactivation of the ACh within the neuromuscular junction.
D) myosin heads to detach from the actin.

Question 60

Which group is incorrect?

A) Dysfunction at the neuromuscular junction: botulism, myasthenia gravis
B) Contractile proteins: thin filaments, myosin, aponeurosis
C) Terms that describe the muscle activity of a whole muscle: twitch, tetany
D) Movements: flexion, supination, abduction

Question 61

The biceps brachii,brachioradialis,and brachialis muscles

A) have their origin on the scapula.
B) act synergistically with the triceps brachii.
C) extend the forearm.
D) flex the forearm at the elbow.

Question 62

Which of the following activates the NM receptors within the neuromuscular junction?

A) Acetylcholinesterase
B) Calcium
C) Troponin
D) ACh

Question 63

Clinically,an elevated blood level of creatine phosphate is indicative of

A) calcium deficiency.
B) muscle damage.
C) flaccid paralysis.
D) hypertrophy.

Question 64

Creatine phosphate provides the skeletal muscle with

A) energy used to synthesize ATP.
B) lactic acid.
C) oxygen.
D) myoglobin.

Question 65

A stronger force of muscle contraction develops when additional motor units are stimulated.This is called

A) recruitment.
B) atrophy.
C) hypertrophy.
D) myasthenia.

Question 66

Which of the following is composed of a series of sarcomeres?

A) Myofibrils
B) Aponeuroses
C) Tendons
D) Ligaments

Question 67

Contraction of the right sternocleidomastoid muscle

A) acts antagonistically to the pectoralis major.
B) acts synergistically with the trapezius.
C) hyperextends the head.
D) rotates the head down and to the left.

Question 68

To which contractile protein does calcium bind?

A) Troponin
B) Tropomyosin
C) Actin
D) Thick filament

Question 69

The purpose of myoglobin is to

A) store oxygen.
B) sequester calcium.
C) convert lactic acid to glucose.
D) make the muscle red.

Question 70

How does curare paralyze a muscle?

A) Depletes the sarcomere of calcium
B) Blocks the prejunctional release of ACh
C) Blocks the postjunctional NM receptors
D) Degrades the cholinesterase within the NMJ

Question 71

A tendon

A) is a series of sarcomeres.
B) attaches muscle to bone.
C) forms the Z line between each sarcomere.
D) is also called an aponeurosis.

Question 72

What is the stimulus for the release of ACh from the prejunctional membrane?

A) Acetylcholinesterase
B) Nerve action potential
C) Release of calcium by the SR
D) Muscle membrane electrical signal

Question 73

Which of the following is true of the chewing muscles?

A) Must be attached to the mandible
B) Are smooth muscle
C) Are called the muscles of deglutition
D) Cannot tetanize

Question 74

Which of the following normally terminates muscle contraction?

A) Depletion of ACh in the neuromuscular junction
B) Binding of ACh to the NM receptors
C) Pumping of calcium back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum
D) Depletion of ATP within the sarcomere

Question 75

Which of the following muscles is (are)located on the posterior body?

A) Pectoralis major
B) Latissimus dorsi
C) Quadriceps femoris
D) Rectus abdominis, transversus abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique

Question 76

Which of the following does not refer to the thin filament?

A) Myosin binding site
B) Troponin
C) Tropomyosin
D) Myosin

Question 77

Where are the pronators and supinators located?

A) Thigh
B) Abdomen
C) Lower back
D) Upper extremities

Question 78

The somatic motor neuron

A) causes release of ACh into the NMJ.
B) stimulates the SR to release calcium into the sarcomeres.
C) moves the tropomyosin away from the myosin binding sites on actin.
D) stimulates the axon terminal to release calcium into the NMJ.

Question 79

An aponeurosis

A) is flat, sheetlike fascia.
B) is composed of connective tissue.
C) forms a site of attachment for skeletal muscle.
D) All of the above are true.

Question 80

Curare-induced muscle blockade at the NM receptors within the neuromuscular junction

A) causes paralysis.
B) induces tetanus.
C) stimulates recruitment.
D) causes loss of sensation with no effect on motor activity (muscle contraction).