Deck 13: Sensory System

Question 1

The sclera

A) is the outer layer of the eyeball.
B) contains the rods and cones.
C) secretes aqueous humor.
D) is the attachment site for the suspensory ligaments.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The colored part of the eye that contains the intrinsic eye muscles,including the circular muscle and the radial muscles,is known as (the)

A) suspensory ligaments.
B) iris.
C) retina.
D) macula lutea.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which layer of the eyeball supplies blood to the retina?

A) Rods and cones
B) Sclera
C) Choroid
D) Iris

Answer 3

Choroid

Question 4

The superior rectus muscle

A) causes miosis.
B) causes mydriasis.
C) moves the eyeball.
D) regulates accommodation.

Question 5

Which of the following structures secretes tears?

A) Lacrimal gland
B) Optic disc
C) Canal of Schlemm
D) Ciliary body

Question 6

Which of the following is least related to the retina?

A) Rods and cones
B) Fovea centralis
C) Cornea
D) Macula lutea

Question 7

An increase of intraocular pressure is most likely to cause

A) cataracts.
B) damage to the retina, leading to blindness.
C) macular degeneration.
D) night blindness.

Question 8

Olfaction refers to the sense of

A) vision.
B) taste.
C) smell.
D) equilibrium.

Question 9

Which of the following structures is located outside the eye?

A) Conjunctiva
B) Ciliary body
C) Lens
D) Vitreous humor

Question 10

A cataract is a

A) retinal detachment.
B) bulging optic disc.
C) cloudy lens.
D) scarred cornea.

Question 11

Photoreceptors detect

A) heat.
B) acid.
C) light.
D) tissue distortion.

Question 12

What is the location of the semicircular canals and the cochlea?

A) Inner ear
B) Middle ear
C) Outer ear
D) Pharynx

Question 13

Which structure is attached to the lens,causing its shape to be changed?

A) Retina
B) Iris
C) Cornea
D) Suspensory ligaments

Question 14

A nociceptor detects

A) pain.
B) light.
C) radiation.
D) [H+].

Question 15

Which of the following is located in the posterior cavity of the eyeball?

A) Vitreous humor
B) Cornea
C) Lens
D) Ciliary muscle

Question 16

Which of the following is least related to the optic nerve?

A) Cranial nerve II
B) Sensory nerve
C) Conveys information from the retina to the occipital lobe
D) Innervates the extrinsic eye muscles

Question 17

What is the name of the specialized area of a sensory neuron that detects a specific stimulus?

A) Tract
B) Receptor
C) Dorsal root
D) Node of Ranvier

Question 18

The gustatory sensation is most related to the

A) eighth cranial nerve.
B) rods and cones.
C) organ of Corti.
D) taste buds.

Question 19

Rods

A) are concentrated in the macula lutea.
B) detect red, yellow, and blue colors.
C) are concerned with night vision.
D) are located in the occipital lobe.

Question 20

Which cerebral lobe is concerned primarily with vision?

A) Precentral gyrus
B) Postcentral gyrus
C) Occipital
D) Corpus callosum

Question 21

Which cerebral lobe is concerned primarily with hearing?

A) Occipital
B) Cerebellum
C) Corpus callosum
D) Temporal

Question 22

Bone conduction occurs in the

A) outer ear.
B) middle ear.
C) inner ear.
D) semicircular canals.

Question 23

What is the function of the vestibule and the semicircular canals?

A) Hearing
B) Smell
C) Balance
D) Touch and pressure

Question 24

Which of the following is one of the special senses?

A) Touch
B) Pain
C) Balance
D) Proprioception

Question 25

Which ossicle sits in the oval window?

A) Malleus
B) Hammer
C) Stapes
D) Incus

Question 26

Which of the following is least related to the vestibulocochlear nerve?

A) Cranial nerve VIII
B) Cochlear branch sends information to the temporal lobe
C) Concerned with both hearing and balance
D) Classified as a motor nerve

Question 27

The semicircular canals are concerned with

A) the secretion of cerumen.
B) equalizing pressure across the tympanic membrane.
C) balance.
D) smell.

Question 28

These hairlike receptors are located in the cochlea.

A) Ossicles
B) Rods and cones
C) Organ of Corti
D) Adenoids

Question 29

What does a "choked disc," or papilledema,indicate?

A) Increased intraocular pressure
B) Glaucoma
C) Increased intracranial pressure
D) Strabismus

Question 30

Rods and cones are

A) glial cells.
B) refracting structures.
C) visual reflexes.
D) visual receptors.

Question 31

Cerumen collects in the

A) middle ear.
B) inner ear.
C) outer ear.
D) eustachian tube.

Question 32

The malleus,incus,and stapes are called (the)

A) organ of Corti.
B) hearing receptors.
C) ossicles.
D) cartilage.

Question 33

What is the effect of contraction and relaxation of the ciliary muscle?

A) Dilated pupil
B) Change in the shape of the lens
C) Raised eyelid
D) Blinking

Question 34

Which structure separates the outer ear from the middle ear?

A) Tympanic membrane
B) Pinna
C) Round window
D) Oval window

Question 35

The gel-like substance that gently pushes the retina against the choroid and maintains the shape of the eyeball is

A) aqueous humor.
B) vitreous humor.
C) lacrimal secretions.
D) perilymph.

Question 36

What is the condition caused by unequal tension exerted by the extrinsic eye muscles?

A) Pink eye
B) Strabismus
C) Glaucoma
D) Cataracts

Question 37

Which of the following is concerned with the sense of smell?

A) Vestibulocochlear nerve
B) Eighth cranial nerve
C) Organ of Corti
D) Olfaction

Question 38

Which of the following is most related to refraction?

A) Rods and cones
B) Retina
C) Lens
D) Light

Question 39

What is the condition caused by impaired drainage of aqueous humor through the canal of Schlemm that increases intraocular pressure?

A) Cataracts
B) Glaucoma
C) Strabismus
D) Conjunctivitis

Question 40

What is the name of the tube that connects the pharynx and middle ear?

A) Vestibule
B) Oval window
C) Eustachian
D) Cochlea

Question 41

Which of the following is considered the blind spot?

A) Macula lutea
B) Optic chiasm
C) Fovea centralis
D) Optic disc

Question 42

The occipital lobe

A) receives information from cranial nerve III.
B) sends motor information to the iris, thereby controlling pupillary size.
C) receives sensory information from cranial nerve II.
D) contains the primary auditory cortex.

Question 43

There is a heavy concentration of cones in this area of the retina.

A) Fovea centralis
B) Iris
C) Optic disc
D) Cornea

Question 44

Tactile receptors are

A) located behind the lens in the vitreous humor.
B) located within the semicircular canals.
C) activated by touch and pressure.
D) nociceptors.

Question 45

Which of the following is most related to the sense of hearing?

A) Semicircular canals
B) First cranial nerve
C) Organ of Corti
D) Vestibular nerve

Question 46

The medial canthus and lateral canthus are

A) corners of the eye where the upper and lower eyelids meet.
B) lacrimal glands.
C) ducts through which tears drain into the nose.
D) sites of attachment for the medial and lateral rectus muscles.

Question 47

Lysozyme,an enzyme with antimicrobial activity,is found in

A) tears.
B) vitreous humor.
C) aqueous humor.
D) endolymph.

Question 48

The conjunctiva

A) covers the cornea.
B) is a mucous membrane.
C) contains blood vessels that nourish the retina.
D) secretes aqueous humor.

Question 49

What is the name of the venous sinuses that drain the aqueous humor?

A) Lateral canthus
B) Macula lutea
C) Canal of Schlemm
D) Pupil

Question 50

Myopia,farsightedness,and astigmatism are

A) errors of refraction.
B) infections of the eye.
C) types of strabismus.
D) conditions of elevated intraocular pressure.

Question 51

Contraction of the orbicularis oculi

A) raises the eyelid.
B) is innervated by the optic nerve.
C) closes the eye.
D) flattens the lens during refraction.

Question 52

The eustachian tube connects the pharynx (throat)with which structure?

A) Cochlea
B) Semicircular canals
C) Middle ear
D) External auditory meatus

Question 53

Cerumen is

A) earwax.
B) inner ear fluid.
C) fluid that bends the organ of Corti.
D) inner ear fluid that stimulates the balance receptors in the semicircular canals.

Question 54

Which structure is affected by the contraction and relaxation of the ciliary muscles?

A) Cornea
B) Lens
C) Macula lutea
D) Optic chiasm

Question 55

The optic nerve

A) receives sensory information from mechanoreceptors.
B) transmits sensory information to the temporal lobe.
C) is cranial nerve III.
D) receives sensory information from the retina.

Question 56

What is another name for the tympanic membrane?

A) Stirrup
B) Oval window
C) Eardrum
D) Organ of Corti

Question 57

In which condition is the eyelid not completely raised,thereby making the person appear sleepy?

A) Glaucoma
B) Cataracts
C) Ptosis of the lid
D) Lid lag

Question 58

The choroid

A) contains the blood vessels that nourish the retina.
B) secretes aqueous humor.
C) is the window of the eye.
D) is avascular.

Question 59

Which ossicle picks up vibrations from the tympanic membrane?

A) Stapes
B) Malleus
C) Stirrup
D) Incus

Question 60

Which of the following is most related to the stapes?

A) Cerumen
B) Semicircular canal
C) Organ of Corti
D) Middle ear ossicle

Question 61

With which word is a drug-induced metallic taste and umami most associated?

A) Proprioception
B) Ataxia
C) Adaptation
D) Gustatory sensation

Question 62

Which of the following words best explains phantom limb pain?

A) Adaptation
B) Cerebral lateralization
C) Projection
D) Convergence

Question 63

Which of the following is most related to the conjunctiva?

A) Is the mucous membrane that forms the inner lining of the eyelids
B) Is the vascular layer of the eyeball; it supplies the retina with blood
C) Is composed of circular and radial muscles
D) Forms the cornea, the window of the eye

Question 64

Pain,proprioception,touch,and pressure are

A) general senses.
B) experienced only in the frontal lobe.
C) experienced largely in the brain stem.
D) dependent on intact pyramidal and extrapyramidal tracts.

Question 65

Which of the following is the best example of referred pain?

A) A person has an abscessed tooth and is complaining of severe pain in the same jaw.
B) A person with a history of gallbladder disease eats a high-fat meal. She complains of midepigastric pain and pain beneath her right scapula.
C) A person stubs his right great toe and is observed hopping along on his left leg.
D) A football wide receiver pulls a hamstring and must be supported while walking off the field obviously favoring the affected leg.

Question 66

Which of the following best describes pupillary dilation?

A) Miosis
B) Refraction
C) Amblyopia
D) Mydriasis

Question 67

An anticholinergic drug such as atropine

A) causes miosis.
B) causes the circular muscles to contract.
C) causes ptosis of the eyelid.
D) dilates the pupil.

Question 68

Mydriasis

A) refers to pupillary dilation.
B) is a response to muscarinic activation.
C) occurs when the circular muscle of the iris constricts.
D) reduces the amount of light that enters the eye.

Question 69

Which of the following groups is incorrect?

A) Photoreceptors: rods, cones
B) Mechanoreceptors: blood concentrations of glucose and H⁺
C) Light: photoreceptors
D) Mechanoreceptors: bending, distortion

Question 70

With which of the following is the spinothalamic tract associated?

A) Sensation of touch, pressure, temperature, and pain
B) Photopupillary reflex
C) Movement of the eyeballs
D) Primary motor cortex

Question 71

The levator palpebrae superioris

A) moves the eyeball.
B) closes the eye.
C) raises the eyebrows as in the "surprised" look.
D) lifts the eyelids when contracted.

Question 72

Contraction of the radial muscles of the iris causes

A) mydriasis.
B) pinpoint pupils.
C) both eyeballs to gaze skyward.
D) both eyeballs to deviate medially.

Question 73

Which group is incorrect?

A) Tunics of the eyeball: sclera, choroid, retina
B) General senses: pain, temperature, touch, pressure, proprioception
C) Special senses: hearing, sight, smell, taste, balance
D) Errors of refraction: myopia, farsightedness, astigmatism, glaucoma

Question 74

Which of the following equipment is used to elicit the photopupillary reflex?

A) Hammer
B) Penlight
C) Bell
D) Snellen chart

Question 75

On its way to the retina light does not pass through this structure.

A) Pupil
B) Vitreous humor
C) Choroid
D) Cornea

Question 76

Which of the following is true regarding the corneal reflex?

A) The trigeminal nerve is its motor arm, carrying pain information.
B) CN VII is the motor arm of the reflex causing tearing and blinking.
C) The facial nerve is the sensory arm of the reflex.
D) CN VII carries pain signals from the cornea to the brain.

Question 77

Eyelids are described by which of the following?

A) Palpebrae and canthi (medial and lateral)
B) Circular and radial muscles
C) Cornea and sclera
D) Accommodation and convergence

Question 78

Which of the following "pupil events" is a true statement?

A) Muscarinic activation causes mydriasis.
B) Muscarinic blockade induces miosis.
C) Alpha1 activation causes the radial muscle to contract, causing mydriasis.
D) Pupil diameter is determined by the rectus and oblique extrinsic eye muscles.

Question 79

Pinpoint pupils

A) describe the size of the pupils in a darkened room.
B) are caused by the contraction of the circular muscles of the iris.
C) are caused by mydriatic drugs.
D) are caused by the contraction of the radial muscles of the iris.

Question 80

Which group is incorrect?

A) Special senses: hearing, sight, smell, taste, balance, pain, pressure
B) Errors of refraction: myopia, farsightedness, astigmatism, presbyopia
C) Structures of the inner ear: semicircular canals, vestibule, cochlea
D) Ossicles: malleus, incus, stapes