Deck 18: Anatomy of the Blood Vessels

Question 1

Which of the following is a short artery that further divides into the gastric,splenic,and hepatic arteries?

A) Portal vein
B) Circle of Willis
C) Renal artery
D) Celiac trunk

Answer 1

Celiac trunk

Question 2

Which blood vessel supplies oxygenated blood to the small intestine and parts of the large intestine?

A) Common iliac artery
B) Dorsalis pedis artery
C) Superior mesenteric artery
D) Subclavian artery

Answer 2

Superior mesenteric artery

Question 3

Which of the following blood vessels brings unoxygenated blood to the liver?

A) Celiac trunk
B) Jugular vein
C) Portal vein
D) Hepatic veins

Answer 3

Portal vein

Question 4

The correct flow of blood is: ascending aorta $\rightarrow$ arch of the aorta $\rightarrow$ descending aorta $\rightarrow$ _____ artery.

A) carotid
B) axillary
C) brachial
D) common iliac

Question 5

Which blood vessel carries unoxygenated blood?

A) Pulmonary artery
B) Aorta
C) Carotid
D) Circle of Willis

Question 6

Which is the longest vein in the body that is located in the lower extremity?

A) Vena cava
B) Subclavian
C) Jugular
D) Saphenous

Question 7

Which of the following emerges from the descending aorta?

A) Coronary arteries
B) Carotid artery
C) Brachiocephalic artery
D) Common iliac arteries

Question 8

The correct flow of blood is: placenta $\rightarrow$ umbilical vein $\rightarrow$ ductus venosus $\rightarrow$

A) foramen ovale.
B) umbilical artery.
C) inferior vena cava.
D) ductus arteriosus.

Question 9

All arteries directly or indirectly emerge from which large artery?

A) Pulmonary
B) Aorta
C) Vena cava
D) Subclavian

Question 10

Which of the following is least true of the common iliac arteries?

A) Located in the pelvic cavity
B) Branch into arteries that descend into the lower extremities
C) Are formed from the distal abdominal aorta
D) Contain large valves that direct blood into the femoral arteries

Question 11

The correct flow of blood is: thoracic aorta $\rightarrow$ abdominal aorta $\rightarrow$ common iliac artery $\rightarrow$

A) external iliac artery.
B) carotid artery.
C) portal vein.
D) celiac axis.

Question 12

Blood pressure is lowest in the

A) inferior vena cava.
B) aorta.
C) pulmonary capillaries.
D) femoral artery.

Question 13

What is the "main vein that drains the brain"?

A) Carotid
B) Brachial
C) Jugular
D) Saphenous

Question 14

The radial,median cubital,and basilic veins

A) are part of the hepatic portal circulation.
B) drain venous blood into the inferior vena cava.
C) are found in the arms.
D) drain the brain.

Question 15

The correct flow of blood is: axillary vein $\rightarrow$ subclavian vein à brachiocephalic vein $\rightarrow$ superior vena cava $\rightarrow$

A) inferior vena cava.
B) hepatic vein.
C) right atrium.
D) pulmonary veins.

Question 16

The carotid and vertebral arteries supply the

A) heart.
B) liver.
C) lungs.
D) brain.

Question 17

The common iliac veins drain unoxygenated blood into the

A) great saphenous vein.
B) inferior vena cava.
C) portal vein.
D) jugular vein.

Question 18

The brachial,radial,and ulnar arteries

A) are part of the hepatic portal circulation.
B) form the circle of Willis.
C) are present only in the fetal circulation.
D) supply the arm.

Question 19

Which vein begins in the foot,ascends along the medial side,and merges with the femoral vein to become the external iliac vein?

A) Dorsalis pedis
B) Popliteal
C) Saphenous
D) Portal

Question 20

The tibial,peroneal,and popliteal veins

A) are part of the hepatic portal circulation.
B) form the circle of Willis.
C) are found in the lower extremities.
D) empty venous blood into the superior vena cava.

Question 21

The subclavian artery is

A) a branch of the abdominal aorta.
B) part of the hepatic-portal circulation.
C) part of the circle of Willis.
D) a branch of the aorta that supplies the upper extremity.

Question 22

Which of the following blood vessels are called capacitance vessels?

A) Arterioles
B) Large arteries
C) Capillaries
D) Veins

Question 23

Which of the following vessels carries unoxygenated blood from the liver to the inferior vena cava?

A) Portal vein
B) Celiac axis
C) Hepatic artery
D) Hepatic veins

Question 24

In which condition is the pedal pulse absent?

A) Occlusion of the arteries of the leg
B) Cirrhosis of the liver
C) Portal vein hypertension
D) Occlusion of the carotid artery

Question 25

The characteristic of the arteriole that allows it to function as a resistance vessel is its

A) thin membrane.
B) porous membrane.
C) valves.
D) smooth muscle.

Question 26

If the ductus arteriosus fails to close after birth,blood shunts from the aorta to the

A) pulmonary artery.
B) pulmonary veins.
C) coronary artery.
D) vena cava.

Question 27

What is the fetal structure that connects the umbilical vein with the inferior vena cava?

A) Foramen ovale
B) Ductus venosus
C) Ductus arteriosus
D) Placenta

Question 28

The ductus arteriosus

A) is a branch of the basilar artery that helps form the circle of Willis.
B) shunts blood from the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava, thereby bypassing the fetal liver.
C) shunts blood from the descending aorta to the pulmonary artery.
D) diverts blood away from the fetal lungs.

Question 29

Which of the following is most likely to cause portal vein hypertension?

A) Carotid artery occlusion
B) Defective valves in the deep veins of the legs
C) Cirrhosis of the liver
D) Ruptured aortic aneurysm

Question 30

The splanchnic circulation

A) refers to the blood vessels that supply the stomach, spleen, pancreas, and intestines.
B) is the special circulation that brings oxygenated blood to the base of the brain.
C) occurs only in the fetal circulation.
D) refers to the blood vessels in the lower extremities.

Question 31

If this fetal heart structure failed to close after birth,blood would shunt from the left atrium into the right atrium.

A) Ductus arteriosus
B) Ductus venosus
C) Foramen ovale
D) Circle of Willis

Question 32

The subclavian veins

A) receive blood from the inferior vena cava.
B) pump blood into the jugular veins.
C) are part of the hepatic portal circulation.
D) deliver blood to the brachiocephalic veins.

Question 33

The renal arteries

A) are part of the splanchnic circulation.
B) are part of the hepatic portal circulation.
C) exit from the celiac axis.
D) deliver oxygenated blood to the kidneys.

Question 34

The adventitia,media,and intima are

A) semilunar valves.
B) arterioles.
C) layers of the blood vessels.
D) valves that are found within veins.

Question 35

What is the artery that supplies the head and neck region?

A) Jugular
B) Axillary
C) Portal
D) Carotid

Question 36

Which condition is caused by defective valves in the lower leg veins?

A) Portal hypertension
B) Varicose veins
C) Absent pedal pulse
D) Ascites

Question 37

Which artery is most often used to evaluate the pulse?

A) Carotid
B) Brachial
C) Femoral
D) Radial

Question 38

In which fetal blood vessel is oxygen concentration greatest?

A) Aorta
B) Umbilical vein
C) Umbilical arteries
D) Left ventricle

Question 39

What are the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart?

A) Veins
B) Arteries
C) Capillaries
D) Venules

Question 40

Which blood vessels have very thin walls and are called the exchange vessels?

A) Arterioles
B) Veins
C) Capillaries
D) Arteries

Question 41

Which of the following blood vessels is not located in the head or neck region?

A) Jugular veins
B) Vertebral arteries
C) Common iliac arteries
D) Circle of Willis

Question 42

Arterioles spend most of their time

A) contracting and relaxing.
B) filtering water and solute at one end and reabsorbing water and waste at the other end.
C) absorbing lymph from the interstitium.
D) filtering clots out of the blood entering the capillaries.

Question 43

Which of the following best describes an artery?

A) Blood vessel that always carries oxygenated blood
B) Blood vessel that is always color-coded red
C) Blood vessel that contains valves ensuring the flow of blood from the arterial to the venous circulation
D) Blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart

Question 44

Which artery contains receptors (baroreceptors)for blood pressure regulation?

A) Vertebral
B) Carotid
C) Jugular
D) Pulmonary

Question 45

Which of the following is descriptive of the celiac trunk?

A) A branch of the ascending aorta
B) Gives rise to the gastric, splenic, and hepatic arteries
C) Is part of the hepatic portal system
D) A branch of the thoracic aorta

Question 46

Which blood vessel name means "slumber"? If pressure is exerted over this vessel,the patient may lose consciousness.

A) Carotid artery
B) Portal vein
C) Subclavian vein
D) Dorsalis pedis

Question 47

Which of the following should be colored blue?

A) Umbilical vein
B) Jugulars
C) Celiac trunk
D) Pulmonary veins

Question 48

Which of the following is true of the tunica media?

A) It is found only within veins.
B) It contains vascular smooth muscle.
C) It is the only blood vessel layer that is found in the capillaries.
D) It is the thinnest of the three blood vessel layers.

Question 49

These blood vessels are the smallest and most numerous and are composed of a single layer of endothelium.

A) Capillaries
B) Venules
C) Veins
D) Arteries

Question 50

The saphenous vein

A) is the shortest vein in the body.
B) is part of the hepatic-portal system.
C) extends from the foot to the thigh.
D) joins with the mesenteric vein to form the portal vein.

Question 51

Which of the following is caused by cirrhosis of the liver?

A) Bleeding episodes
B) Portal hypertension
C) Poor skin turgor
D) Myocardial infarction

Question 52

Which structure(s)is (are)supplied by the femoral,popliteal,and tibial arteries?

A) Head
B) Arms
C) Thighs and legs
D) Abdomen

Question 53

Which of the following does not describe the aorta?

A) Arch
B) Thoracic
C) Portal
D) Descending

Question 54

What commonly happens diagnostically at the radial artery?

A) A blood sample indicates the hematocrit.
B) Blood pressure is determined.
C) The pulse is determined.
D) The ECG is recorded.

Question 55

Which of the following is true?

A) The jugular vein drains blood from the liver.
B) Both the vertebral arteries and the internal carotid arteries carry oxygenated blood to the brain.
C) The portal vein delivers oxygenated blood to the liver.
D) Both the superior and inferior vena cavae empty blood into the jugular veins.

Question 56

Which of the following is caused by the vibrations of the blood vessel walls and reflects heart rate?

A) Blood pressure
B) Pulse pressure
C) Pulse
D) Skin turgor

Question 57

The capillaries are color-coded red to purple to blue,thereby reflecting

A) the movement of carbon dioxide from the tissues to the blood.
B) the change in the amount of vascular smooth muscle in the endothelium.
C) the diffusion of oxygen from the blood into the tissues.
D) the accumulation of metabolic waste in the capillaries.

Question 58

Which of the following structures serves as the "lungs" for the fetus?

A) Ductus venosus
B) Ductus arteriosus
C) Placenta
D) Foramen ovale

Question 59

What is the largest vein in the body?

A) Circle of Willis
B) Vena cava
C) Portal vein
D) Jugular vein

Question 60

Which part of the aorta is located in the abdominal cavity?

A) Ascending aorta
B) Arch of the aorta
C) Thoracic aorta
D) Descending aorta

Question 61

The merger of these two arteries forms the basilar artery.

A) Internal carotid arteries
B) Subclavian arteries
C) Vertebral arteries
D) Brachiocephalic arteries

Question 62

What type of blood vessel is described as follows: carries blood toward the heart; called capacitance or storage vessels; valve containing?

A) Large artery
B) Venule
C) Vein
D) Capillary

Question 63

The _______________ artery extends as the axillary artery.

A) subclavian
B) brachiocephalic
C) brachial
D) vertebral

Question 64

Which of the following is true of the renal arteries?

A) They drain urine from the kidneys.
B) They emerge from the abdominal aorta.
C) They drain into the superior vena cava.
D) They branch directly off the common iliac arteries.

Question 65

The single layer of epithelium of this (these)blood vessel(s)allow(s)for the transport of water and dissolved solute between the blood and interstitium.

A) Arterioles
B) Aorta
C) Veins
D) Capillaries

Question 66

Which of the following represents a correct direction of blood flow?

A) Capillaries to arterioles to venules
B) Arteries to arterioles to venules to capillaries
C) Capillaries to venules to veins
D) Arteries to veins to venules to capillaries

Question 67

Which of the following is true of the celiac trunk?

A) It branches off the thoracic aorta.
B) It branches off the descending aorta.
C) It is part of the hepatic portal circulation.
D) It carries venous blood and drains into the portal vein.

Question 68

Which of the following is true of both the vertebral and common carotid arteries? Both

A) drain their contents into the jugulars.
B) arise from the subclavian arteries.
C) are branches of the ascending aorta.
D) supply oxygenated blood to the circle of Willis.

Question 69

An occlusion of this blood vessel is most apt to cause difficulties in cognition.

A) Common carotid artery
B) Portal vein
C) Subclavian artery
D) Median cubital vein

Question 70

Circulation in the foot is assessed by palpating this artery.

A) Radial pulse
B) Carotid
C) Popliteal
D) Dorsalis pedis

Question 71

Which of the following is not true of the portal vein?

A) It carries unoxygenated blood.
B) It carries digestive end products to the liver.
C) It drains blood from the liver and empties it into the inferior vena cava.
D) It is formed by the merger of the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein.

Question 72

The femoral vein enters the pelvic cavity as the external iliac vein and drains into the

A) popliteal vein.
B) saphenous vein.
C) common iliac vein.
D) portal vein.

Question 73

The arterioles act as resistance vessels because of the

A) thick layer of connective tissue that is the main component of the arteriolar wall.
B) large pores in the arteriolar walls that allow for the diffusion of large amounts of water and dissolved solute.
C) contractile activity of the vascular smooth muscle.
D) ability of the arterioles to stretch and store blood.

Question 74

Which of the following is true of the aorta?

A) It is the blood vessel into which all veins drain.
B) It is usually color-coded blue.
C) It is the largest artery from which most other arteries originate.
D) It extends from the upper thorax to the diaphragm, at which point it bifurcates into the common iliac arteries.

Question 75

What vein is formed by the merger of the two common iliac veins?

A) Inferior vena cava
B) Femoral vein
C) Saphenous vein
D) Internal iliac vein

Question 76

Which of the following is true of both the aortic arch and the right brachiocephalic arteries? Both

A) arise from the coronary arteries.
B) deliver their contents to the jugulars.
C) receive oxygenated blood from the circle of Willis.
D) give rise to the left and right common carotid arteries.

Question 77

The patient is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization.A catheter is inserted into the femoral artery and threaded in a retrograde direction into the coronary arteries.Regarding the pathway of the catheter,it will be threaded through all the blood vessels except the

A) descending aorta.
B) ascending aorta.
C) abdominal aorta.
D) inferior vena cava.

Question 78

Which of the following are branches of the ascending aorta?

A) Renal arteries
B) Left common carotid artery
C) Coronary arteries
D) Vertebral arteries

Question 79

Which of the following blood vessels can withstand the highest blood pressure?

A) Artery
B) Venule
C) Capillary
D) Arteriole

Question 80

The function of the arterioles is directly related to the

A) amount of oxygen in the blood.
B) amount of vascular smooth muscle in the arteriolar walls.
C) amount of metabolic waste in the arteriolar blood.
D) number of valves within the arterioles.