Deck 14: Pediatric Psychology and Health Psychology for Children and Adolescents

Question 1

Pediatric psychology is:

A) Relatively new to the field of psychology
B) One of the older areas of interest in psychology
C) Not very well-respected within the field of psychology, because it does not use experimental research methodology
D) A relatively unknown part of psychology

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Amenorrhea is evident in:

A) Both girls and boys who experience anorexia nervosa
B) Both girls and boys who experience bulimia nervosa
C) Many girls who experience anorexia nervosa
D) Many boys who experience anorexia nervosa

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Extreme restriction of food intake is most often associated with ___________ , whereas binging and purging is most often associated with___________.

A) Anorexia nervosa; bulimia nervosa
B) Bulimia nervosa; anorexia nervosa
C) Enuresis; encopresis
D) Somatoform disorders; somatization disorders

Answer 3

A

Question 4

When comparing and contrasting anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa:

A) Both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa show approximately the same prevalence rates
B) Bulimia nervosa is much less prevalent than anorexia nervosa
C) Anorexia nervosa is much less prevalent than bulimia nervosa
D) Significantly more males experience anorexia nervosa than bulimia nervosa

Question 5

Regarding socioeconomic status (SES) and eating disorders:

A) Anorexia nervosa is more prevalent in middle and higher SES groups, whereas bulimia nervosa is more prevalent in lower SES groups
B) Anorexia nervosa is more prevalent in lower SES groups, whereas bulimia nervosa is more prevalent in middle and higher SES groups
C) Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are both more prevalent in lower SES groups
D) Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are both more prevalent in middle and higher SES groups

Question 6

With regard to race/ethnicity and eating disorders:

A) Anorexia nervosa is more prevalent in Caucasian Americans, whereas bulimia nervosa is more prevalent in African Americans
B) Anorexia nervosa is more prevalent in African Americans, whereas bulimia nervosa is more prevalent in Caucasian Americans
C) Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are both more prevalent in Caucasian Americans
D) Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are both more prevalent in non-Caucasians

Question 7

Bulimia nervosa is highly comorbid with:

A) Major depression
B) Anxiety disorders
C) Substance use disorder
D) All of the above

Question 8

The most effective treatments for eating disorders have centered around:

A) Medication
B) Cognitive behavioral therapy
C) 12-step programs (like Overeaters Anonymous)
D) Nutritional counseling

Question 9

The overwhelming majority of girls and women feel dissatisfied with their body.This pattern is known as:

A) Overwhelming accuracy
B) Pathological patterns
C) Normative discontent
D) Shared belief systems

Question 10

Obesity is most often associated with:

A) Anorexia nervosa
B) Binge-eating disorder
C) Schizophrenia
D) Pica

Question 11

Lack of urinary control is called___________ and lack of bowel control is called______________ .

A) Encopresis; enuresis
B) Enuresis; encopresis
C) Somatoform disorders; somatization disorders
D) Turner's syndrome; Klinefelter's syndrome

Question 12

Which of the following disorders are highly comorbid with enuresis?

A) Major depression and anxiety disorders
B) Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder
C) All of the above
D) None of the above

Question 13

The most effective treatment for nocturnal enuresis all center around:

A) Cognitive therapy
B) Behavioral therapy
C) Punishment
D) Family therapy

Question 14

The majority of children with encopresis show what type of encopresis?

A) They soil themselves in a manipulative and intentional manner
B) They experience diarrhea and loose stools due to excessive stress
C) They unintentionally retain their feces and become constipated
D) They have physiological abnormalities that do not allow control over bowel movements

Question 15

When comparing the family connections in enuresis and encopresis (i.e., where parents showed the same problem in their own childhood):

A) There are strong links between parents and children in both enuresis and encopresis
B) There are strong links between parents and children for enuresis but not encopresis
C) There are strong links between parents and children for encopresis but not enuresis
D) There are no strong links between parents and children for either enuresis and encopresis

Question 16

Areas in impoverished communities that are more than 1 mile from a supermarket and where the only food available is sold at convenience stores or gas stations are called:

A) Food deserts
B) Wastelands
C) Abstentions
D) Food puddles

Question 17

Based on research across the globe, which statement is true about childhood obesity?

A) It is highly prevalent in nearly every country studied, including impoverished Countries like Africa
B) Patterns are unknown because most of the research is done in the U.S.
C) The more impoverished a country, the higher the rate of childhood obesity
D) It is most highly prevalent in the Americas, Eastern Mediterranean, and
Europe

Question 18

More attempts at dieting, greater use of radical weight loss methods, and more weight-related concerns are considered:

A) Treatments for childhood obesity
B) Protective factors for childhood obesity
C) Risk factors for childhood obesity
D) Answers a and b are correct

Question 19

When children experience a chronic illness, which illness-related factors are associated with poorer psychological outcome?

A) Unpredictable or recurrent physical problems
B) Physical problems that are obvious to others
C) Severe and chronic symptoms
D) All of the above

Question 20

Sickle cell disease in childhood is associated with:

A) Better academic functioning
B) Higher rates of emotional/behavioral problems
C) Family members bonding together
D) All of the above

Question 21

Better emotional/behavioral functioning in children with cancer is associated with:

A) A strong and nonconflicted parental relationship
B) A strong and nonconflicted parent-child relationship
C) Families who functioned well before the illness
D) All of the above

Question 22

Worldwide, what percent of the total numbers of individuals who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus or who are living with AIDS are children under the age of 15?

A) 90.4%
B) 66.7%
C) 30.3%
D) 9.7%

Question 23

Transmission of HIV infection from mother to infant (usually in utero) is known as:

A) Blood transfusion transfer
B) Genetic predisposition
C) Vertical transmission
D) Vertical transfiguration

Question 24

The Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model was developed for the:

A) Prevention of HIV-transmission and prevention of AIDS
B) Prevention of childhood cancer
C) Prevention of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa
D) Prevention of enuresis and encopresis

Question 25

The group of children who show the highest levels of emotional/behavioral problems in relation to parental cancer are:

A) Adolescent boys dealing with maternal cancer
B) Adolescent boys dealing with paternal cancer
C) Younger girls dealing with maternal cancer
D) Adolescent girls dealing with maternal cancer

Question 26

More than probably any other area within psychology, the field of pediatric psychology has focused on:

A) Psychodynamic treatment of psychological symptoms
B) Prevention
C) Assessment of symptoms
D) Research

Question 27

If you had developed a family-oriented prevention program that targets children who were just diagnosed with cancer, with a goal of reducing the onset of psychological distress in these families, you would have created a:

A) Indicated prevention program
B) Selective prevention program
C) Universal prevention program
D) Treatment program

Question 28

Define pediatric psychology and discuss its history within the field of psychology.What are the areas that are emphasized by pediatric psychologists?

Question 29

Define anorexia nervosa and discuss the various aspects of prevalence (e.g., gender, age, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status).

Question 30

Define bulimia nervosa and discuss the various aspects of prevalence (e.g., gender, age, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status).

Question 31

How can eating disorders and body image problems be conceptualized in a dimensional manner? What are the strengths and weaknesses of this conceptualization?

Question 32

Discuss the patterns of childhood obesity nationally and internationally, with a discussion of etiology, treatment, and prevention

Question 33

Define enuresis and encopresis and discuss the various aspects of prevalence (e.g., gender, age, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status).

Question 34

Discuss how HIV/AIDs can impact youth-both from their own diagnosis and from their parent's diagnosis.

Question 35

What are the risk factors for children's maladjustment in the context of chronic illness?

Question 36

What are the protective factors that seem to decrease the likelihood that children whose parents' have a chronic illness will develop emotional/behavioral problems?

Question 37

Discuss the types of prevention programs that are common in pediatric psychology.