Deck 8: Womens and Childrens Health

Question 1

Current Indigenous women's well-being and health issues are informed by

A) legal discrimination.
B) childhood experiences.
C) their place in Indigenous culture and society.
D) all of the above.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Overcrowding affects which segments of the Indigenous population?

A) Inuit
B) On reserve/ Off reserve First Nations
C) Métis
D) All of the above

Answer 2

D

Question 3

When compared with the general Canadian population, the proportion of Indigenous women living with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is

A) smaller both as a population and as a gender.
B) the same both as a population and as a gender.
C) increasing both as a population and as a gender.
D) higher both as a population and as a gender.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What has changed in both Indigenous and Canadian society that has had implications for Indigenous women's roles historically?

A) Their public role as leaders has become more prominent
B) The collapse of fur trade
C) Displacing men from their position as material providers
D) All of the above

Question 5

Why should nurses care about Indigenous women's health?

A) This is an important and rapidly increasing component of the population.
B) Most nurses will be responsible for female Indigenous patients at some point in their careers.
C) Nurses and the nursing profession bear a responsibility for health promotion in the population.
D) All of the above

Question 6

Indigenous women are at higher risk for becoming victims of violence at the hands of their partners for all the following reasons except

A) low self-esteem.
B) lack of support from judicial system and community leaders.
C) availability of community safe houses.
D) diluted sentences given to perpetrators.

Question 7

What were the implications of professionalisation of healthcare in Canada by the 19th century?

A) There were no implications.
B) Everyone was treated for illness when they become ill.
C) Tertiary care services became very important.
D) Midwifery was legally discouraged and delivery of babies became a male specialty.

Question 8

An example of assimilation as it applies to Indigenous people is

A) forced attendance of children at residential schools.
B) evolution of the Métis culture.
C) participation of Indigenous people in the fur trade.
D) use of traditional medicine in the biomedical system.

Question 9

When compared with the non-Indigenous population Indigenous children participation in post-secondary trades education is

A) much lower.
B) about the same.
C) much higher.
D) not calculated.

Question 10

The Indigenous unemployment rate is

A) lower than the Canadian average.
B) roughly the same as the Canadian average.
C) a little higher than the Canadian average.
D) much higher than the Canadian average.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about diabetes and Indigenous women is false?

A) The rates are three to five times higher.
B) The rates are highest among Indigenous women.
C) The disease is often detected later.
D) There are fewer health complications.

Question 12

Women in traditional Indigenous society

A) held spiritual and religious roles.
B) were healers and family caregivers.
C) were midwives.
D) all of the above.

Question 13

Depression and low self-esteem

A) are a product of racism, marginal socioeconomic status and a lack of healthcare.
B) lead to higher suicide rates, abusive relationships and substance abuse.
C) are found to have a strong correlation to sexual activity.
D) a and b

Question 14

Children in Indigenous society

A) were traditionally educated through example and experience.
B) were disciplined regularly.
C) were educated by recognized tutors.
D) all of the above.

Question 15

Which of the following are causal factors for poor mental health?

A) Dependence on government
B) Racism
C) Residential schools
D) All of the above

Question 16

Violence has a generational impact. Children who are exposed to violence in an abusive family

A) absorb the message that this is "normal" behaviour.
B) are susceptible to entering into abusive relationships in turn.
C) are susceptible to becoming perpetrators in turn.
D) all of the above.

Question 17

The major issues specific to Indigenous children have all their origins in the determinants of health and their effects are played out on Indigenous society. They include all of the following except

A) poverty.
B) violence.
C) otitis media.
D) traditional diet.

Question 18

Complete the following statement. In the 2016 Census, the First Nations birth rate was

A) less than the Canadian rate for non-Indigenous people.
B) more than the Canadian rate for non-Indigenous people, but dropping.
C) in steep decline.
D) less than half of what it was 10 years ago.

Question 19

When compared with Canadians, the life expectancy of Indigenous women living with AIDS is

A) shorter.
B) the same.
C) increasing.
D) Longer.

Question 20

First Nations women have higher hospitalisation rates due to

A) respiratory diseases.
B) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS.
C) cardiovascular diseases.
D) all of the above.

Question 21

What risk factor is associated with sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among Indigenous women?

A) Endometriosis
B) Low parity
C) Poor self-esteem
D) Obesity

Question 22

According to Statistics Canada, chronic conditions are much more prevalent among

A) non-Indigenous women.
B) First Nations off-reserve women.
C) Métis women.
D) b and c

Question 23

Individuals and communities reporting high levels of health have a greater sense of

A) control.
B) financial resources.
C) spirituality.
D) self-preservation.

Question 24

Risk factors contributing towards the development of diabetes among Indigenous women include all of the following except

A) obesity.
B) smoking.
C) sedentary lifestyle.
D) environmental contaminants.

Question 25

Which statement is not true about issues relating to the health of women and children in Indigenous communities?

A) Health of women and children are insubstantially linked
B) Poor health indicators for women lead directly to poor health indicators for children
C) Approximately 50% of Indigenous children are girls
D) Childhood experiences predict their role as mothers and partners

Question 26

When compared with the general Canadian population, the incidence of cancer mortality among First Nations women is

A) less of a problem.
B) more of a problem.
C) decreasing.
D) the same.

Question 27

Indigenous women are at risk for contracting hepatitis C for all the following reasons except

A) low self-esteem.
B) sharing needles.
C) tattooing.
D) poor nutrition.

Question 28

All of the following are factors that affect the mental health of Indigenous women except

A) racism.
B) poverty.
C) past experiences.
D) genetics.

Question 29

The determinant of health that has the greatest impact on the health of Indigenous women and children is

A) education.
B) income.
C) drugs and alcohol.
D) healthcare.

Question 30

Poverty generally leaves children to suffer from conditions harmful to their health, and it may lead to

A) nutritional deficiency.
B) poorer health.
C) domestic violence.
D) all of the above.

Question 31

Traditional educational methods focused on learning through

A) experience and example.
B) memorization.
C) repetitions of the same activity.
D) all of the above.

Question 32

Residential school had a major negative impact on the health and well-being of many Indigenous children. An example of a health issue specific to children is all of the following except

A) poverty.
B) violence.
C) diabetes.
D) alcohol misuse.

Question 33

Violence has a generational impact. Children exposed to violence in an abusive family

A) absorb the message that this is "normal" behaviour.
B) are susceptible to entering into abusive relationships in turn.
C) are susceptible to becoming perpetrators in turn.
D) all of the above.

Question 34

Traditionally, given personal experience with pregnancy and childbirth, the vast majority of childbirths were attended by

A) shamans.
B) one or more midwives.
C) relatives of the father.
D) older children of the mother.

Question 35

By the 19th century, the medical profession was growing largely as a result of

A) discouraging competitors everywhere.
B) attacking traditional medicine practitioners (mostly women) in Europe and North America.
C) large budgets being invested in healthcare.
D) all of the above.

Question 36

Shamans

A) had no gender identity.
B) were always men.
C) were always women.
D) were usually male, but sometimes female.

Question 37

In Indigenous society, children are expected to be borne and raised by the

A) mother.
B) father.
C) grandmother.
D) clan leader.

Question 38

What was the title given to children who were descendants of marriages between Indigenous women and European men?

A) Métis
B) Indian
C) Status Indian
D) First Nations

Question 39

Indigenous children suffered poor health from both disease and misguided attempts at forced assimilation through

A) the residential schools.
B) the 60's scoop.
C) social disruption as family and community safeguards have been eroded.
D) all of the above.

Question 40

Indigenous women suffer greater rates of renal complications as a result of all of the following except

A) higher rates of diabetes.
B) higher rates of cardiovascular disease.
C) lower referral rates to specialists.
D) higher rates of misuse of medications.

Question 41

Diabetes is still an increasing problem among Indigenous women, and susceptibility to it is passed on to children as it is driven by

A) respiratory conditions and dietary changes.
B) increasing obesity and labour-intensive harvesting.
C) lifestyle changes and continued traditional diets.
D) lifestyle changes and dietary changes.

Question 42

Which of the following is one of the fastest growing populations in Canada?

A) Non-Indigenous people under 30 years
B) First Nations under 30 years
C) First Nations elders
D) Non-Indigenous people over 30 years

Question 43

The leading cause of death of children ages 1 month to 1 year is

A) Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).
B) drowning.
C) gastroenteritis.
D) diabetes.

Question 44

Residential schools were created to

A) preserve Indigenous traditions and language.
B) force Indigenous children to learn to assimilate into the non-Indigenous population.
C) provide a place for homeless orphans to go to school.
D) make jobs for unemployed school teachers.

Question 45

The effects of residential schools on generations of Indigenous children were

A) decimation of Indigenous culture.
B) the colonisation of Indigenous peoples.
C) removal of Indigenous children from their families during the 1960s to 1980s by provincial child welfare system.
D) a and b

Question 46

The Canadian residential school system left a legacy of

A) successfully preparing graduates for the workforce.
B) systematic abuse and neglect of Indigenous children.
C) excellent conditions widely imitated in other school systems in Canada.
D) high quality education, but primitive facilities and inedible food.

Question 47

It is important to remember that the learning path for children in a pre-modern society was much the same as that of modern educational systems.

Question 48

A higher proportion of Indigenous children live in conditions of poverty.

Question 49

Midwifery usually included physical assistance with the birth, but also included advice and assistance with pregnancy and postnatal care, especially for young mothers.

Question 50

Outwardly, women in Indigenous society appeared to play an insignificant role as they were consigned to bearing and transmitting cultural values.

Question 51

Indigenous peoples experience health problems that are linked with their historical position in the Canadian social system.

Question 52

Traditionally, First Nations women participated in government and spiritual ceremonies.

Question 53

Indigenous traditional midwifery was outlawed in the late 19th century on the recommendations made primarily by European settlers.

Question 54

More than legal changes, disease, economic change and settlement brought immense social disruption to Indigenous women.

Question 55

The rate of smoking is lower among Indigenous women compared with that of the general Canadian population.

Question 56

Very high levels of under education and unemployment among the on-reserve First Nations youth are over five times than the non-Indigenous population.

Question 57

The role of Indigenous women in contemporary Western society has changed since Contact.
a. How has the role of women changed in Indigenous society? List two factors that have contributed to the overall change of roles from the pre-Contact to post-Contact period.
b. How has this change been positive or negative for Indigenous women?