Deck 2: Descriptive Research

Question 1

A number of things must be considered if a questionnaire is going to be used in a research study. Which of the following is not one of the things to be considered?

A) How can the data be handled economically once they are obtained?
B) What statistical techniques can be applied to questionnaire data?
C) Is the use of a questionnaire going to appear to be good research?
D) What is the most economical way to conduct the study?
E) How can a high rate of returns be obtained?

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Select the false statement below concerning survey research.

A) A mailed questionnaire is the most common survey research method in kinesiology.
B) Survey research is the most common type of descriptive research in kinesiology.
C) One advantage of structured interviews and closed-ended questionnaire items is that the same information is obtained from each participant, and it is obtained in an organized manner.
D) Survey research can be conducted by using several different methods.
E) Survey research has few limitations in terms of applications and information obtained.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Which statement is not true concerning descriptive research?

A) Researchers tend to mail questionnaires as often as they administer questionnaires to a group.
B) The research is conducted to obtain information concerning the present situation.
C) Survey research is the most common type of descriptive research in kinesiology, and a questionnaire is the most common way of collecting survey research data.
D) The research is important because information is needed about practices and beliefs that now exist.
E) The research studies may or may not involve hypothesis testing, and the data analysis may vary from simple to complex.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which situation below is least representative of descriptive-type research?

A) Fitness scores were collected on the fifth-grade students in 1970 and every year thereafter until 1978.
B) Ten thousand college students were administered a first aid test, and performance standards were developed.
C) Difference in the performance of participants in a room at 70F and 100F was described.
D) The correlation between SAT scores and college GPA was determined for n = 500 students.
E) Thirty-five teachers were randomly selected and then interviewed.

Question 5

The following are potential questionnaire items. Which item has no format flaws?

A) What is your income?
B) What is the highest level of formal education you have obtained? a. high school graduate
B) college graduate
C) graduate school graduate
C) What is the reason you are taking this course? 1. Required
2) Recommended
3) Personal interest
4) Fits schedule
5) Need course information
D) Do you drink alcoholic beverages each day? 1. almost always
2) often
3) usually
4) sometimes
5) occasionally
E) This course is great. (Choose from the responses below.) a. Strongly disagree
B) Disagree
C) Somewhat disagree
D) Somewhat agree
E) Agree
F) Strongly agree

Question 6

Which questionnaire item below does not have a flaw?
A) What is your gender?
B) Do you exercise at least one hour on three days each week?
1) yes
2) no
C) I enjoy participating in exercise programs.
A) agree
B) neutral
C) disagree
D) What is your age to the last year?
E) How often must a person exercise each week to maintain fitness?

A) daily
B) often
C) occasionally
D) seldom
E) never

Question 7

Which statement is false concerning questionnaires?

A) Good questionnaire items are developed easily and quickly following definite construction rules.
B) Questionnaire items (questions) used in research are usually closed-ended.
C) Evidence for validity of a questionnaire is often obtained by using a jury of experts.
D) Reliability for a questionnaire can be estimated by using several sets of paired items.
E) Analysis of questionnaire data could be just frequencies of responses to each item.

Question 8

There are many things a researcher must consider when using a questionnaire in a research study. Which of the following things is of least importance to consider in questionnaire research?

A) Print the questionnaire on one side of each page.
B) Questionnaire reliability and validity evidence.
C) Questionnaire items are easy to read and correctly interpreted.
D) Efficient procedures for distributing and returning the questionnaire.
E) Planned follow-up procedures after the initial mailing.

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct definition of "focus group"?

A) An interview with a focused topic
B) An interview of one individual with a focused topic
C) An interview of a small group of participants
D) An interview with a group of topics

Question 10

Percentile rank is a measure used in:

A) criterion-referenced standards.
B) norm-referenced standards.
C) cross-sectional studies.
D) longitudinal studies.