Deck 1: The Nature, Purpose, and Overall Process of Research

Question 1

The primary means through which a profession advances its knowledge base is through which of the following?

A) Professional conferences
B) Networking with other professionals
C) Research process
D) Well-established tradition

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following does not represent one of the stages inherent to the scientific method of inquiry?

A) Formulating a hypothesis
B) Identifying the question
C) Collecting and analyzing the data
D) Designing effective curricular materials

Answer 2

D

Question 3

A type of reasoning that is considered a fundamental principle of scientific inquiry in which thinking proceeds from the specific to the general is called what?

A) Deduction
B) Induction
C) Syllogism
D) Hypothesizing

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following best illustrates a possible research scenario that is best suited for an experimental study?

A) A study to determine the attitudes of parents regarding schools' use of body mass index (BMI) as an indicator of overweight in children
B) A study to ascertain the prevalence of hazing among interscholastic sports teams
C) A study to determine the effects of massage on reducing muscle soreness associated with bicycling
D) A study to investigate the relationship between aerobic capacity and visual acuity among secondary school students

Question 5

Throughout history, humans have relied on several means for discovering knowledge and truth. Which of the following does not represent a source of knowledge?

A) Deductive reasoning
B) Personal experience
C) Scientific inquiry
D) Forming a hypothesis

Question 6

Research that is typically conducted in natural settings without controlling the research conditions is known as:

A) historical research.
B) qualitative research.
C) experimental research.
D) quantitative research.

Question 7

Research that combines qualitative and quantitative methods to yield additional insight is known as:

A) basic research.
B) experimental research.
C) quantitative research.
D) mixed-methods research.

Question 8

A study to determine the association among dietary behaviors, self-esteem, and body weight best exemplifies which type of research?

A) Experimental
B) Correlational
C) Causal-comparative
D) Action

Question 9

The statement "establishes a cause-and-effect relationship between variables with the purpose of explaining and predicting phenomena" is called what?

A) Hypothesis
B) Theory
C) Law
D) Conclusion

Question 10

Which of the following types of research does not belong with the others?

A) causal-comparative.
B) descriptive.
C) experimental.
D) correlational.

Question 11

Research that collects information from groups of participants to describe conditions or characteristics of interest is called what?

A) Experimental
B) Descriptive
C) Correlational
D) Transdisciplinary

Question 12

Research that aims to determine the relationship between two or more variables is called what?

A) Descriptive
B) Experimental
C) Causal-comparative
D) Correlational

Question 13

When researchers seek to record and understand what happened in the past in order to better understand the present and to suggest directions for the future, they use _______ research.

A) experimental
B) historical
C) action
D) causal-comparative

Question 14

Which of the following statements does not describe research?

A) Research is based on anecdotal evidence.
B) Research is a way of addressing problems in the field.
C) Research in kinesiology has a short historical footprint compared to other disciplines.
D) Research provides evidence to help solve problems.