Deck 38: Health Care Maintenance for Adults With Developmental Disabilities

Question 1

A major cause of health disparities in people with developmental disabilities (DDs) is:

A) Congenital heart disease
B) Lack of access to health-related, long-term care services and supports
C) Intellectual disability
D) The use of adaptive equipment such as wheelchairs and communication devices

Answer 1

B

Question 2

According to the Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Civil Rights Act of 2000, a person who is blind from birth has a developmental disability.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Matt is a 20-year-old, nonverbal, autistic man. Presuming competence means:

A) Recommending a well-run residential care facility
B) Assuming he can do college-level academics
C) Asking his caregiver to provide his medical history
D) Referring Matt to a speech therapist for an augmentative communication evaluation
E) Recommending Sesame Street videos to improve his reading skills

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Cerebral palsy is a condition affecting body movement and muscle coordination caused by differences in the:

A) Peripheral nerves
B) Brain
C) Muscles
D) Spinal cord
E) Brain stem

Question 5

Common secondary conditions in people with cerebral palsy include:

A) Aspiration
B) Constipation
C) Gastroesophageal reflux
D) Dysarthria
E) All of the above

Question 6

Medical problems associated with Down syndrome include:

A) Hearing impairment, hypothyroidism, and early Alzheimer disease
B) Café au lait spots, kidney disease, diabetes
C) Megacolon, arthritis, liver disease
D) Asthma, gallstones, adrenal insufficiency

Question 7

Adults with disabilities have an increased risk for abuse and neglect. They should be screened yearly with a complete history and physical exam. Some signs and symptoms of abuse/neglect include:

A) Weight gain, depression, skin rashes
B) Unexplained bruising, behavior changes, depression
C) Falls, decreased vision or hearing
D) Trauma, depression, hernias

Question 8

Colorectal cancer screening in adults with developmental disabilities is:

A) Too difficult and should be avoided
B) Best done under general anesthesia
C) The prep may be challenging for patients with spasticity and mobility disorders
D) Required only once in a person's lifetime

Question 9

A good oral exam is important to perform at least annually in adults with disabilities due to the increased incidence of dental disease in this population. The USPSTF recommends:

A) Regular dental care every 3-6 months
B) Hydrogen peroxide mouthwashes
C) Periodic saliva testing for acidity
D) Fluoride varnish for high caries risk patients

Question 10

Individuals with developmental disabilities are at high risk for osteoporosis at ages younger than in the general population. The following statements are all true except:

A) Dexa scans of the spine and hip may be difficult to obtain in patients with mobility impairments and those with severe spasticity.
B) The age to begin screening is unclear .
C) Once screening has begun, dexa scans should be done on an annual basis.
D) Serum vitamin D 25OH levels should be checked on a regular basis.