Deck 11: Epidemiology and Cycle of Microbial Disease

Question 1

Which one of the following is NOT an insect?

A) lice
B) copepods
C) fleas
D) flies

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which one of the following is a mechanical vector?

A) doorknobs
B) mosquitoes
C) fleas
D) flies

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A propagated epidemic is characterized by

A) rapid rise.
B) vertical transmission.
C) prolonged duration.
D) ingestion of contaminated food.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

In considering the cycle of microbial disease, which is the best answer regarding the relationship between "reservoir" and "source"?

A) always the same
B) never the same
C) may or may not be the same
D) the terms are unrelated

Question 5

Factors considered by epidemiologists when investigating an outbreak are

A) gender.
B) personal habits.
C) geographic location.
D) all of the above

Question 6

What is NOT considered to be an endemic infectious disease.

A) Cold
B) Influenza
C) Ebola
D) Hepatitis

Question 7

What is the morbidity rate?

A) Number of healthy people
B) Number of people who have died from disease
C) Number of people who are sick from disease
D) Number of people who have a sick sense of humor

Question 8

Epidemiologist use the term "epicenter" to describe the

A) greatest concentration of the sick.
B) the area with the most fatalities from the disease.
C) starting location for the disease.
D) the likely location of the greatest number of victims.

Question 9

Diseases that are constantly present in the environment at a low level are called

A) epidemic.
B) sporadic.
C) endemic.
D) pandemic.

Question 10

Which is an example of a pandemic?

A) cholera
B) influenza
C) plague
D) all of the above

Question 11

What does herd immunity refer to?

A) group immunity
B) immunity towards animals
C) immunity towards sheep
D) none of the above

Question 12

Typhoid Mary is an example of a(n)

A) healthy carrier.
B) inactive carrier.
C) active carrier.
D) mail carrier.

Question 13

Humans are the only reservoirs for

A) measles.
B) diphtheria.
C) cowpox.
D) malaria.

Question 14

Diseases whose reservoirs are in animals are called

A) zoonoses.
B) propagated diseases.
C) herd diseases.
D) none of the above.

Question 15

What percent of emergent infections affecting humans have animals as their reservoirs?

A) 25%
B) 100%
C) 50%
D) 75%

Question 16

What is NOT an animal reservoir of ringworm for humans?

A) Monkeys
B) Cats
C) Dogs
D) Cattle

Question 17

What kinds of potential hazards can be found in soil?

A) spores
B) bacteria
C) worm eggs
D) all of the above

Question 18

The most common type of direct transmission is

A) animal to person.
B) person to person.
C) animal to animal.
D) reservoir to animal.

Question 19

Fomites are

A) a type of insect.
B) bacteria.
C) bacteriophages.
D) inanimate objects.

Question 20

Mechanical vectors are

A) required for the spread of infectious disease.
B) associated with machinery.
C) those in which the parasite enters the body.
D) able to transmit microbes passively with body parts.

Question 21

Chicken pox in the United States is best described as

A) pandemic.
B) epidemic.
C) zoonotic.
D) endemic.

Question 22

An example of direct transmission would be

A) contact.
B) sneezing.
C) bites.
D) all of the above.

Question 23

Common-source epidemics arise from

A) multiple contaminated sources.
B) person-to-person transmission.
C) a single contaminated source.
D) soil-borne diseases.

Question 24

All insects are arthropods, but not all arthropods are insects.

Question 25

Portals of entry and portals of exit are always the same in the cycle of
disease.

Question 26

A worldwide outbreak of a disease is called a(n) ___________.

Question 27

Malaria is a protozoan disease transmitted by a mosquito vector. This is an example of a
___________ vector.

Question 28

Give three examples of fomites.

Question 29

The investigative methodology that determines the source and the cause of diseases is
called ___________.

Question 30

___________ is the illness rate, while ___________ is the death rate.

Question 31

Give an example of a propagated disease.

Question 32

For typhoid fever, the reservoir is ___________ and the source is ___________.

Question 33

Suspensions of tiny water particles or fine dust in the air are called ___________.

Question 34

Infections acquired by patients while in the hospital are called ___________.

Question 35

A fly contaminating food by walking across it is acting as a ___________ vector.

Question 36

Diseases that occur occasionally and at irregular intervals are described as ___________.

Question 37

___________ was a cook responsible for the illness and death of many individuals.

Question 38

Pathogenic microbes that are harbored by animals that can be spread to humans are
known as ___________.

Question 39

___________ are inanimate objects that harbor bacterial disease.

Question 40

Transplacental transmission is an example of ___________ transmission.

Question 41

___________ are examples of mechanical vectors.

Question 42

The largest recorded pandemic in history was (name the disease) ___________.

Question 43

Name the site in the body that is most prone to nosocomial infection.

Question 44

Name four examples of pandemic infectious disease.

Question 45

What is meant by zoonoses? Give three examples of zoonotic diseases.

Question 46

Distinguish between vertical and horizontal transmission. Give an example of each.

Question 47

Define portal of entry and portal of exit. Give three examples of each.

Question 48

Name and define the four classifications of diseases according to their frequency and distribution. Give at least one example for each classification.