Deck 27: The Reproductive System

Question 1

The cells of the testes that produce testosterone are the ________.

A) nurse cells
B) basal cells
C) interstitial endocrine cells
D) spermatogonial cells
E) None of the answers are correct.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

A major function of the testis is to ________.

A) provide nutrients that spermatozoa need for motility
B) propel spermatozoa and fluids along the reproductive tract
C) produce spermatozoa
D) activate spermatozoa
E) None of the answers are correct.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The ________ of a sperm contains the enzymes essential for fertilization.

A) acrosome
B) neck
C) middle piece
D) flagellum
E) None of the answers are correct.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The outer covering of the testis and inner lining of the scrotum is the ________.

A) tunica albuginea
B) perineal raphe
C) tunica vaginalis
D) scrotal mediastinum
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 5

Each testis is covered by a dense layer of fibrous connective tissue called the ________.

A) tunica albuginea
B) pampiniform plexus
C) tunica vaginalis
D) mediastinum
E) corpus spongiosum

Question 6

Each ampulla of the ductus deferens joins with an excretory duct of the seminal gland, marking the start of the ________.

A) ureter
B) ejaculatory duct
C) urethra
D) epididymis
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 7

The spermatic cords enter the abdominopelvic cavity through ________.

A) straight tubules
B) ductus deferens
C) the tunica vaginalis
D) inguinal canals
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 8

The seminiferous tubules ________.

A) average 200 inches in length
B) are the sites of the production of androgens for the testis
C) occur in the testicular septa
D) are the site of production of spermatozoa
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 9

The tunica albuginea is covered by a serous membrane called the ________.

A) interstitial cells
B) tunica vaginalis
C) raphe of scrotum
D) mediastinum
E) gubernaculum testis

Question 10

The importance of the pampiniform plexus in the scrotum is to ________.

A) allow the testis to raise and lower without pinching surrounding blood vessels
B) support the testis
C) help cool the blood to permit spermatogenesis at a temperature cooler than in the abdominal cavity
D) innervate the testis
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 11

The function of the dartos and cremaster muscles is to ________.

A) attach the penis to the body wall
B) produce erections
C) regulate the temperature of the testes
D) help the testes descend into the scrotum prior to birth
E) move sperm along the ductus deferens

Question 12

Contraction of the cremaster muscle ________.

A) moves the testis closer to the body cavity
B) produces an erection
C) propels sperm through the urethra
D) moves sperm through the ductus deferens
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 13

The interstitial endocrine cells in the testes ________.

A) undergo mitosis to produce primary spermatocytes
B) protect the developing sperm cells
C) secrete testosterone
D) convert fructose to glucose to nourish the sperm
E) form the lining of the seminiferous tubules

Question 14

The contents of the spermatic cord include the ________.

A) ductus deferens
B) testicular artery
C) pampiniform plexus of the testicular vein
D) ilioinguinal and genitofemoral nerves
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 15

In correct order, from external to internal, the layers of the testis include:
(1)dartos muscle
(2)cremaster muscle
(3)tunica vaginalis
(4)scrotal cavity
(5)tunica albuginea
(6)septa

A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
B) 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
C) 2, 4, 6, 3, 5, 1
D) 5, 3, 4, 2
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 16

What happens to sperm when exposed to conditions inside the female reproductive tract?

A) The gametes are replicated.
B) The gametes are stored to optimize at a later time for fertilization.
C) The gametes are nourished.
D) The gametes are destroyed after a few hours, as they are no longer capable of fertilization.
E) They undergo capacitation.

Question 17

The division of each primary spermatocyte produces ________.

A) one or two polar cells
B) a pair of haploids
C) a pair of secondary spermatocytes
D) nurse cells
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 18

The external marking of the boundary between the two chambers of the scrotum is the ________.

A) spermatic cord
B) raphe of the scrotum
C) tunica albuginea
D) acrosome
E) dartos muscle

Question 19

Reproductive cells in either females or males are called ________.

A) somatic cells
B) zygotes
C) gametes
D) spermatids
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 20

The fold of skin that covers the glans penis is the ________.

A) ejaculatory duct
B) prepuce
C) corpus cavernosum
D) corpus spongiosum
E) penile urethra

Question 21

The stages that occur during spermatogenesis are
A: Spermatid
B: Primary spermatocyte
C: Spermatogonium
D: Sperm
E: Secondary spermatocyteWhat is the correct order of occurrence of these stages?

A) b, e, c, d, a
B) c, e, d, a, b
C) c, b, e, a, d
D) a, c, b, e, d
E) d, b, c, e, a

Question 22

The principal hormone of the secretory phase is ________.

A) estrogen
B) progesterone
C) FSH
D) LH
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 23

Which of the following is a function of spermatogonia?

A) support of spermiogenesis
B) sperm production
C) support of spermatogenesis
D) secretion of inhibin
E) secretion of androgen binding protein (ABP)

Question 24

The grouping of cells surrounding the ovulated oocyte is called the ________.

A) antrum
B) corpus luteum
C) zona pellucida
D) corona radiata
E) corpus albicans

Question 25

Which of the following is a function of the seminal fluid?

A) produce testosterone
B) provide the nutrients needed for sperm motility
C) buffer the urethra and vagina
D) produce sperm
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 26

Spermatogenesis ends with the production of ________ spermatids.

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8
E) 16

Question 27

The muscular layer of the uterus is (the)________.

A) endometrium
B) perimetrium
C) myometrium
D) mesovarium
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 28

The female gonads are the ________.

A) epididymis
B) ovaries
C) testis
D) uterus
E) straight tubules

Question 29

Which of the following is a function of the ductus deferens?

A) Monitor the composition of the fluid contained in it.
B) Adjust the composition of the fluid contained in it.
C) Recycle damaged spermatozoa.
D) Store spermatozoa and facilitate their functional maturation.
E) Transport sperm to the prostatic urethra.

Question 30

Ovulation occurs when an oocyte is released from a ruptured ________ follicle.

A) secondary
B) primary
C) tertiary
D) primordial
E) polar

Question 31

The thickened, cord-like connection of the uterus to the anterior pelvic wall is the ________.

A) round ligament
B) broad ligament
C) suspensory ligament
D) uterosacral ligament
E) cardinal ligament

Question 32

The enlarged distal end of the ductus deferens is called the ________.

A) body
B) ampulla
C) seminal gland
D) prostate
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 33

The phase of the uterine cycle from ovulation until the corpus luteum breaks down is the ________.

A) proliferative phase
B) secretory phase
C) follicular phase

Question 34

Which is NOT part of the spermatic cord?

A) testicular artery
B) pampiniform plexus
C) genitofemoral nerve
D) ductus deferens
E) dartos muscle

Question 35

The lateral surface of the ovary is connected to the pelvic wall by (the)________.

A) mesovarium
B) mesentery
C) cardinal ligament
D) suspensory ligament
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 36

Which of the following provides an antibiotic called seminalplasmin?

A) prostate gland
B) seminal glands
C) bulbo-urethral glands
D) seminiferous tubules
E) epididymis

Question 37

The epithelium of the ________ has both ciliated and non-ciliated simple columnar cells.

A) vagina
B) uterine tube
C) ovary
D) cervix
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 38

Gametes are called haploid because ________.

A) there are half as many of them produced at each division in comparison with diploid cells
B) they are produced by the process of mitosis
C) they are either sperm or ova
D) they contain only one member of each pair of chromosomes
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 39

Stem cells in the testes are the ________.

A) primary spermatocytes
B) spermatozoa
C) spermatogonia
D) spermatids
E) haploids

Question 40

Which is correct regarding chromosome numbers during oogenesis?

A) Primary oocytes are haploid, secondary oocytes are diploid.
B) Both primary oocytes and secondary oocytes are haploid.
C) Both primary oocytes and secondary oocytes are diploid.
D) Primary oocytes are diploid, secondary oocytes are haploid.
E) Primary oocytes are haploid, secondary oocytes may be haploid or diploid depending on their meiotic stage.

Question 41

Circulating testosterone levels in men can begin to decline as early as age ________ years.

A) 28
B) 30
C) 40
D) 50
E) 60

Question 42

The secondary spermatocytes are haploid cells.

Question 43

Premature menopause ________.

A) does not always occur in females
B) occurs any time menstruation ceases
C) usually occurs before the age of 35 years
D) occurs because of a shortage of primordial follicles
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 44

The main organs of the female reproductive system include all of the following except the ________.

A) vagina
B) urinary bladder
C) uterus
D) ovary
E) mammary glands

Question 45

The vagina is lined by ________.

A) transitional epithelium
B) simple cuboidal epithelium
C) stratified squamous epithelium
D) simple ciliated columnar epithelium
E) None of the answers are correct

Question 46

The change in function of the male reproductive system that is comparable to menopause in women is ________.

A) called manopause
B) called the male climacteric
C) not comparable between the aging male and female reproductive systems
D) nothing; the male reproductive system does not change with age
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 47

The ovaries are supported by (the)________.

A) roof of the pelvic cavity
B) ovarian blood vessels and the ovarian hilum
C) mesovarium
D) uterus
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 48

In the correct order, the steps involved in oogenesis are:
(1)formation of a tertiary follicle
(2)ovulation
(3)formation and degeneration of the corpus luteum
(4)formation of primary follicles
(5)formation of secondary follicles

A) 4, 5, 1, 2, 3
B) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
C) 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
D) 2, 5, 4, 1, 3
E) 3, 5, 1, 4, 2

Question 49

A ________ is formed by the combination of a primary oocyte and several surrounding layers of follicular cells and the presence of small amounts of follicular fluid.

A) granulosa cell
B) thecal cells
C) secondary ovarian follicle
D) polar cell
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 50

The corpus luteum secretes ________.

A) FSH
B) estrogen
C) progestins
D) LH
E) relaxin

Question 51

Each primary oocyte within an egg nest in the ovary is surrounded by a simple squamous layer of follicular cells. The oocyte and its follicle cells are called a ________.

A) corona radiata
B) primordial ovarian follicle
C) secondary follicle
D) primary follicle
E) corpus luteum

Question 52

The average length of the uterine cycle is ________.

A) 14 days
B) 20 days
C) 28 days
D) 35 days
E) 40 days

Question 53

During the ovarian cycle, ________.

A) all secondary follicles form tertiary follicles
B) usually only one mature ovarian follicle forms
C) primary oocytes are suspended in metaphase until maturation occurs
D) each of the primary oocytes develops into two secondary oocytes
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 54

The changes that occur in a woman's body at menopause are due to ________.

A) reduced frequency of sexual activity
B) reduced levels of estrogen and progesterone
C) increased production of androgens by the adrenal gland
D) depletion of oocyte supply
E) fluid retention that disrupts the osmotic balance of the body

Question 55

In the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle, the ovary is ________.

A) undergoing atresia
B) developing a mature follicle
C) forming the corpus luteum
D) secreting progesterone
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 56

The ovarian ligament attaches the uterus to the anterior abdominal wall.

Question 57

The secondary oocyte is released from the ovary at ________.

A) the onset of menstruation
B) ovulation
C) the end of the secretory phase

Question 58

Milk production in the mammary glands ________.

A) is stimulated by a combination of hormones including prolactin, growth hormone, and human placental lactogen
B) is initiated during the birth process
C) occurs by the process of meiosis
D) begins to occur at the start of each monthly cycle, but only continues if pregnancy occurs
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 59

For an ovum to be fertilized, it must encounter a spermatozoon in the ampulla of the uterine tube within ________ of the oocyte's passage.

A) 3-5 hours
B) 8-12 hours
C) 12-24 hours
D) 7 days
E) 9 days

Question 60

The large fluid-filled cavity within a mature ovarian follicle is called the ________.

A) zona pellucida
B) antrum
C) corpus
D) liquor folliculi
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 61

What processes are involved in the maturation of the ova?

Question 62

Figure 27.1

Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label H.

A) Seminal gland
B) Ductus deferens
C) Prostate gland
D) Epididymis
E) Bulbo-urethral gland

Question 63

A mature ovum is ovulated once per month.

Question 64

Figure 27.1

Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label M.

A) Pubic symphysis
B) Raphe
C) Seminal gland
D) Bulbo-urethral gland
E) Prostate gland

Question 65

What are the most important events that occur in the uterine cycle?

Question 66

Figure 27.1

Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label I.

A) Scrotum
B) Testis
C) Penis
D) Epididymis
E) Prostate gland

Question 67

Describe the mechanism that permits the penis to become erect.

Question 68

Movement of the oocyte along the uterine tube is due to peristalsis and ciliary action.

Question 69

Progesterone and estrogen are produced by the corpus albicans.

Question 70

Figure 27.1

Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label O.

A) Bulbo-urethral gland
B) Vestibular gland
C) Ductus deferens
D) Seminal gland
E) Prostate gland

Question 71

Production of new primary oocytes by mitosis continues throughout a woman's life.

Question 72

Briefly explain the process of spermiogenesis.

Question 73

What is the function of the scrotum?

Question 74

Figure 27.1

Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label F.

A) Prostatic urethra
B) Ductus deferens
C) Spermatic cord
D) Ureter
E) Ejaculatory duct

Question 75

Figure 27.1

Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label K.

A) Epididymis
B) Penis
C) Scrotum
D) Testicle
E) Testis

Question 76

The outer area of the ovary where gametes are produced is the cortex.

Question 77

Figure 27.1

Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label N.

A) Ejaculatory duct
B) Testis
C) Prostatic urethra
D) Ureter
E) Seminal gland

Question 78

Figure 27.1

Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label Q.

A) Bulbo-urethral gland
B) Vestibular gland
C) Ductus deferens
D) Seminal gland
E) Prostate gland

Question 79

Figure 27.1

Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
Identify the structure indicated by Label D.

A) Testicle
B) Scrotum
C) Membranous urethra
D) Corpus cavernosum
E) Corpus spongiosum

Question 80

Briefly explain the process of spermatogenesis.