Deck 12: Social Work With Aging Populations

Question 1

In 2016, Canadians 65 and older represented ________ of the population.

A) 6.4 per cent
B) 8.4 per cent
C) 10.4 per cent
D) 12.4 per cent
E) 16.9 per cent

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Aging is often discussed in terms of ________.

A) activity and optimism
B) gains and opportunities
C) vitality and potential
D) wisdom and experience
E) decline and loss

Answer 2

E

Question 3

The "old-old" are older adults aged ________.

A) 55 and up
B) 85 and up
C) 65 and up
D) 75 and up
E) 80 and up

Answer 3

B

Question 4

________ is an example of an activity of daily living for older adults.

A) Bathing
B) Shopping
C) Driving
D) Managing finances
E) All of the above

Question 5

In 2016, ________ had the lowest percentage of the population aged 85 years and older.

A) Yukon
B) Alberta
C) Quebec
D) Nova Scotia
E) Nunavut

Question 6

________ institutes a means test and fees for some home care services based on income.

A) British Columbia
B) Ontario
C) Quebec
D) Manitoba
E) Yukon

Question 7

Congregate living arrangements for semi-autonomous older adults are only offered privately in ________.

A) Ontario
B) Alberta
C) British Columbia
D) Quebec
E) none of the above

Question 8

Most home care programs across Canada provide ________.

A) personal care
B) medical care
C) assistance with meal preparation
D) both A and B
E) all of the above

Question 9

Just over ________ of older adults in Canada are members of a visible minority group.

A) 9 per cent
B) 11 per cent
C) 13 per cent
D) 15 per cent
E) 17 per cent

Question 10

The largest population of older French-speaking Canadians living outside of Quebec resides in ________.

A) Nova Scotia
B) Alberta
C) Ontario
D) Saskatchewan
E) Newfoundland

Question 11

According to the General Social Survey (2012), approximately________ of older adults between 65 and 74 years of age were dependent on others for assistance with activities of daily living.

A) 4 per cent
B) 10 per cent
C) 15 per cent
D) 1 per cent
E) 21 per cent

Question 12

________ is NOT an assumption of the successful aging paradigm.

A) Individuals can prevent disease
B) Individuals can minimize functional decline
C) Societies can interfere with aging successfully
D) Keeping engaged in later life can prevent decline
E) Keeping active, healthy, and positive can support mental health

Question 13

The selective optimization with compensation model presumes that when facing decline, individuals should ________.

A) push themselves harder
B) continue to engage with life
C) exercise more frequently
D) accept assistance
E) focus on doing fewer activities well

Question 14

Mood disorders in later life are ________.

A) treatable
B) common
C) a normal part of aging
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 15

Cohort refers to ________.

A) persons born at the same historical time
B) persons who cope with life events in the same way
C) persons who share a racial identity
D) persons who share common values
E) persons who share a similar economic status

Question 16

The selective optimization with compensation model of aging advocates for ________.

A) compensation
B) selection
C) optimization
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 17

According to Erikson's traditional model of developmental psychology, elderhood is characterized by ________.

A) accepting immortality
B) introspection
C) achieving integrity
D) despair
E) all of the above

Question 18

Canada's pension system has ________ tiers.

A) five
B) four
C) three
D) two
E) six

Question 19

Eligibility for Old Age Security benefits in Canada is based on ________.

A) age
B) contributions
C) workforce exit
D) marital status
E) life expectancy

Question 20

To be eligible for full Old Age Security benefits, older adults must have resided in Canada as adults for at least ________ years.

A) 10
B) 20
C) 30
D) 40
E) 50

Question 21

________ would be affected least if the Canadian government decided to increase the age of eligibility for Old Age Security and Guaranteed Income Supplement benefits.

A) Older adults with low income
B) Single older women
C) Older adults with high income
D) Persons with disabilities
E) Indigenous people

Question 22

The spousal benefit attached to the Canada Pension Plan extended benefits to same-sex couples in ________.

A) 1995
B) 2000
C) 1990
D) 2005
E) 2010

Question 23

Older adults who are new to homelessness in later life differ from those who have grown old homeless in terms of ________.

A) demographics
B) access to specialized homelessness services
C) access to health services
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 24

Approximately ________ of Canadians have private retirement savings or a private workplace pension plan.

A) 10 per cent
B) 15 per cent
C) 20 per cent
D) 25 per cent
E) 38 per cent

Question 25

Mandatory retirement was recognized as a violation of the Canadian Human Rights Act for federal employees in ________.

A) 2000
B) 2005
C) 2007
D) 2012
E) 2010

Question 26

Approximately ________ of all jobs held by Canadians 55 and older are non-standard.

A) 50 per cent
B) 10 per cent
C) 25 per cent
D) 15 per cent
E) 75 per cent

Question 27

________ of recipients of home care are over the age of 65.

A) 50 per cent
B) 55 per cent
C) 60 per cent
D) 70 per cent
E) 75 per cent

Question 28

________ is NOT a key service of Canadian long-term care services for older adults.

A) Community support services
B) Facility-based long-term care
C) Supportive/assisted living arrangements
D) Home care
E) Family care

Question 29

Community support services for older adults are financially sustained by ________.

A) provincial/territorial base funding
B) user fees
C) volunteerism
D) fundraising
E) all of the above

Question 30

For older adults, relocation to facility-based long-term care encompasses ________ phases.

A) two
B) three
C) four
D) five
E) six

Question 31

________ is NOT a component of the World Health Organization's definition of elder abuse.

A) a single act of harm or distress
B) a lack of action that causes harm or distress
C) a violation by someone in a position of trust
D) a violation by a stranger
E) a repeated act of harm or distress

Question 32

________ of Canadian seniors experience some type of abuse.

A) 4-10 per cent
B) 2-6 per cent
C) 10-15 per cent
D) 15-20 per cent
E) More than 20 per cent

Question 33

If an older adult is showing signs of dependency, depression, and poor personal hygiene, he or she may be a victim of ________.

A) physical abuse
B) sexual abuse
C) financial abuse
D) psychological abuse
E) organizational abuse

Question 34

World Elder Abuse Awareness Day is held annually on ________.

A) June 15
B) July 15
C) September 15
D) October 15
E) November 15

Question 35

________ has been considered a cause of elder abuse.

A) Caregiver stress
B) Conjugal violence grown old
C) Reverse abuse from a child who was him/herself abused
D) both B and C
E) all of the above

Question 36

Adult protection legislation has been critiqued for ________.

A) failing to provide options for abused or neglected older adults to voluntarily accept services
B) dealing only with abusive situations involving physical harm
C) infantilizing older adults
D) perpetuating abusive situations
E) failing to protect older adults deemed incapable of making decisions

Question 37

Approximately ________ of the older adults living in Nunavut are Indigenous.

A) 60 per cent
B) 70 per cent
C) 50 per cent
D) 90 per cent
E) 80 per cent

Question 38

Many non-standard jobs that older adults accept offer ________.

A) job security
B) high wages
C) more opportunity for training and career progression
D) more exposure to health and safety risks in the workplace
E) greater control over workplace conditions

Question 39

________ is a macro theory of aging that helps to inform how social structures shape individual experiences of aging.

A) The life-course perspective
B) The successful aging paradigm
C) Activity theory
D) Developmental psychology
E) The selective optimization with compensation model

Question 40

The political economy of aging theory emphasizes that ________.

A) human agency is important to the experience of aging
B) the aging of society will be economically burdensome
C) policies can create age inequalities
D) politics and old age are mutually exclusive
E) all of the above

Question 41

Macro theories of aging are useful to social workers because ________.

A) they highlight how intersectional identities shape aging experiences
B) they provide a lens through which to examine issues of equity and access for different groups of older adults
C) they help social workers work toward more socially just policies, programs, and services
D) both A and B
E) all of the above

Question 42

Signs of late life onset depression include ________.

A) frequent visits to family doctors with no resolution
B) functional decline with no explained cause
C) frequent health worries
D) both A and B
E) all of the above

Question 43

A timeline is a clinical tool informed by ________.

A) developmental psychology
B) the life-course perspective
C) activity theory
D) the selective optimization with compensation model
E) the successful aging paradigm

Question 44

To receive partial benefits from Old Age Security, older adults must have resided in Canada for ________.

A) 10 years
B) 15 years
C) 20 years
D) 40 years
E) 30 years

Question 45

The Canadian government has plans to increase the age of eligibility for Old Age Security and the Guaranteed Income Supplement to ________.

A) 66 years
B) 67 years
C) 68 years
D) 69 years
E) There are no plans to increase the age of eligibility.

Question 46

Older adults who have lived in Canada for less than 20 years are ________.

A) at heightened risk of living in poverty
B) eligible for specialized services
C) highly dependent on health and social services
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 47

Homeless adults are considered "old" at approximately ________.

A) 45 years
B) 55 years
C) 60 years
D) 50 years
E) 40 years

Question 48

Current reforms to the CPP/QPP serve to ________.

A) incentivize continued engagement in the workforce
B) encourage older adults to retire early
C) equalize payments to persons in more economically disadvantaged positions
D) both B and C
E) both A and C

Question 49

________ are congregate living facilities for older adults who require minimal personal assistance and can direct their own care.

A) Nursing homes
B) Supportive/assisted living arrangements
C) Residential-care facilities
D) Community support services
E) Long-term care homes

Question 50

________ is NOT a way to support older adults' adjustment to long-term care.

A) Providing opportunities to process feelings about long-term care
B) Visiting available facilities
C) Spending time orienting new residents
D) Setting new routines and rituals for residents
E) Treating family members as partners in care

Question 51

Issues of aging and older adults are linked with child welfare, corrections, community development and activism, substance use, mental health, health care, homelessness, and interpersonal violence.

Question 52

The lower percentage of older adults over 65 years of age in Nunavut, Yukon, and the Northwest Territories compared to other Canadian provinces is due to a higher birth rate.

Question 53

The percentage of the population aged 85 and up in Canada is declining.

Question 54

All members of the baby boom generation are now over 65.

Question 55

Older French-speaking Canadians living outside of Quebec are more vulnerable to poverty and poor health than their English-speaking counterparts.

Question 56

The life-course perspective is an example of a critical theory of aging.

Question 57

Assumptions from the successful aging paradigm are prevalent in the media.

Question 58

The majority of Canadian workers have a workplace pension plan or private retirement savings through RRSPs.

Question 59

Recent amendments to the Canada Pension Plan encourage people to stay in the workforce longer.

Question 60

Home care is not a long-term care service.

Question 61

Access to home-care services across Canada is needs-based, with no user fees attached.

Question 62

Ageism contributes to the prevalence of elder abuse.

Question 63

Canada's rural population is older than its urban population.

Question 64

An older adult who resided in Canada for 5 years in youth and 5 years in adulthood will not be eligible to receive Old Age Security at 65.

Question 65

In 2012, federally regulated employers set a mandatory retirement age, which forces older workers to exit the workforce.

Question 66

Canada recently adopted a national home-care policy.

Question 67

The incidence of late-life homelessness is on the rise in Canada.

Question 68

In Quebec, access to home-care programs is based on a means test and fees for some services based on income.

Question 69

Government funding to home care in recent years has targeted long-term home care.

Question 70

Retirement homes have been integrated into the public system in all provinces.

Question 71

Older Canadians with a higher level of formal education appear to be more aware of the community services available to them as they age.

Question 72

The majority of Canadians 85 and older relocate to a nursing home at some point in old age.

Question 73

To be eligible for full Old Age Security and Guaranteed Income Supplement benefits, older adults must have resided in Canada as adults for 40+ years.

Question 74

The existing stigma attached to facility-based long-term care for older adults makes relocation difficult for residents and families.

Question 75

Adults 65 and over tend to report improved mood as they age.

Question 76

Older Canadians who have immigrated to Canada from non-French or -English speaking countries tend to refuse to relocate to long-term care primarily because they believe their families should look after them.

Question 77

Older adults who enter homelessness in late life typically become homeless rapidly.

Question 78

Each province/territory has its own strategy to address elder abuse.

Question 79

Placing surveillance cameras in long-term care homes so that families can monitor for elder abuse is illegal in Canada.

Question 80

Prohibiting mandatory retirement in Canada has prevented all instances of forced retirement.