Deck 8: Indigenous Peoples and Social Work by Cyndy Baskin and Alyssa Mcleod

Question 1

According to the Canadian Constitution, Canada's Indigenous Peoples are ________.

A) First Nations only
B) Indians, Métis, and Inuit
C) Indians and Inuit only
D) ethnic Canadians
E) Indians, Maori, and Inuit

Answer 1

B

Question 2

________ refers to the invasion or taking over sovereignty of another nation.

A) Migration
B) Relocation
C) Colonization
D) Dissipation
E) Transference

Answer 2

C

Question 3

________ describes processes that destroy the traditions, values, languages, and other elements unique to a group of people.

A) Cultural globalization
B) Ethnic cleansing
C) Tradition elimination
D) Ethnocentrism
E) Cultural genocide

Answer 3

E

Question 4

The Haudenosaunee are ________.

A) the people whose traditional territory is now southern Quebec and Ontario
B) the original inhabitants of Yukon and Alaska
C) the language groups of Indigenous Peoples in Canada
D) Indigenous beliefs focused on holistic healing
E) people of mixed ancestry of First Nations and European descent

Question 5

A(n) ________ is the lens through which a group of people sees the world, their values, and their relationships.

A) directive
B) requirement
C) worldview
D) legacy
E) edict

Question 6

In the 2016 Census, approximately ________ of the total population of Canada reported some Indigenous heritage.

A) 12 per cent
B) 4.9 per cent
C) 1.4 per cent
D) 17.5 per cent
E) 20.8 per cent

Question 7

Included in a holistic approach to life is a belief that ________.

A) focused medical treatment should be used to treat illness
B) only spiritual processes can address addictions
C) a person is composed of spiritual, physical, emotional, and psychological elements
D) each aspect of a person's life should be addressed on its own
E) what one person does to another does not have an impact on someone else

Question 8

Métis Peoples are descendants of ________.

A) First Nations and Inuit
B) First Nations and European settlers
C) Inuit and European settlers
D) European and South Asian settlers
E) Non-status First Nations

Question 9

________ is a belief that all people should share equal social, political, and economic rights and opportunities.

A) Individualism
B) Spiritualism
C) Holism
D) Conformity
E) Egalitarianism

Question 10

Approximately ________ per cent of Indigenous Peoples live in urban centres.

A) 10
B) 25
C) 60
D) 22
E) 35

Question 11

According to the 2016 Census, Indigenous youth under the age of 25 compose ________ of the Indigenous population of Canada.

A) approximately one third
B) one quarter
C) nearly one half
D) two thirds
E) less than one fifth

Question 12

________ is NOT considered a general value within Indigenous worldviews.

A) Non-interference
B) Respect for Elders
C) Independence
D) Harmony with nature
E) Humility

Question 13

The Indian Act was created by Parliament in ________.

A) 1904
B) 1866
C) 1843
D) 1876
E) 1902

Question 14

A ________ system is one where social and political inheritance is transferred through female lineage.

A) patriarchal
B) status
C) constitutional
D) self-determining
E) matriarchal

Question 15

Under the Indian Act, if Indigenous Peoples became Canadian citizens, they would lose their status. This process was called ________.

A) enfranchisement
B) registration
C) unenfranchisement
D) codification
E) de-listing

Question 16

Individuals who are Indigenous but are not registered under the Indian Act are referred to as ________.

A) statutory
B) self-determining
C) enfranchised
D) non-status
E) land-delimited

Question 17

A ________ refers to groups of families that have the same inherited social and political roles.

A) kin group
B) band
C) reserve
D) clan
E) cluster

Question 18

The people who are the original inhabitants of the area in which they live are referred to as ________. This umbrella term is used by the United Nations to describe these groups globally.

A) Aboriginal
B) Indigenous
C) Native Canadians
D) Native
E) First Peoples

Question 19

Until well into the 1940s, an Indian agent ________.

A) had the power to enforce the Indian Act
B) was elected by Indigenous peoples to represent their interests
C) was responsible for administering health programs in Indigenous communities
D) was the Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada representative to Parliament
E) was a member of an Indigenous community assigned to peacekeeping

Question 20

Assimilation refers to ________.

A) the process whereby a person participates in a society's social, economic, cultural, and political spheres while maintaining a relationship with the culture of origin
B) the process by which a person's identity of origin is lost and replaced by the identity of another, typically more dominant, group
C) the process by which a person becomes isolated from both the broader society as well as the cultural and ethnic group of origin
D) the extent to which one's identity is maintained or transformed by the experience of coming into contact with another culture
E) the process by which a person participates in social organizing for their community of origin

Question 21

Children as young as ________ were removed from their homes and communities and forced to attend residential schools.

A) three
B) five
C) six
D) ten
E) eleven

Question 22

The last residential school for Indigenous children in Canada closed in ________.

A) 1912
B) 1955
C) 1976
D) 1986
E) 1996

Question 23

The "Sixties Scoop" refers to the period when ________.

A) large numbers of Indigenous children were removed from their families by child welfare workers and placed in non-Indigenous homes
B) residential schools increased enrollment by removing children from Indigenous families and forcing school attendance
C) 60 Indigenous leaders marched on Ottawa to protest child welfare practices in Indigenous communities
D) thousands of Indigenous children were removed from their families and placed in Indigenous communities far away from their homes
E) settlers appropriated land lived on by Indigenous Peoples in order to develop urban areas

Question 24

The last residential school to close was in ________.

A) Saskatchewan
B) Ontario
C) Manitoba
D) Alberta
E) Nova Scotia

Question 25

In 2008, Dr. Cindy Blackstock estimated that there were ________ Indigenous children placed in the care of the child welfare system than were placed in residential schools at the height of their operation.

A) nearly as many
B) half as many
C) three times as many
D) two times as many
E) ten per cent fewer

Question 26

Indigenous children are placed in the care of child welfare at a rate ________ times higher than non-Indigenous children.

A) two
B) three
C) six
D) seven
E) twelve

Question 27

The ________ was established in 2008 to uncover the histories of Canada's residential school system.

A) Indian and Northern Affairs Commission
B) Aboriginal and Inuit Healing Commission
C) Truth and Reconciliation Commission
D) Residential School Legacy Commission
E) Aboriginal Truth Commission

Question 28

Many Indigenous social work programs use ________ to address individual, family, and community healing, positive change, and social justice.

A) a holistic approach
B) the Medicine Wheel
C) restorative therapy
D) cognitive-behavioural therapy
E) self-care

Question 29

________ refers to the people who originally lived in what is now central and northern Ontario and Manitoba.

A) Anishinaabe
B) Iroquois
C) Métis
D) Haudenosaunee
E) Inuit

Question 30

In Indigenous social work, family group conferencing, a form of restorative justice, started with ________.

A) the Cree in Canada
B) the Maori in New Zealand
C) the Nunga in Australia
D) the Sioux in the USA
E) the Haida in Canada

Question 31

With regard to Indigenous communities, an ally is a person who is focused on ________.

A) working solely with non-Indigenous officials to create change in Indigenous communities
B) educating Indigenous communities about colonization
C) exploring his or her own role in past and present social problems facing Indigenous communities
D) overseeing social welfare services in Indigenous communities
E) overseeing certification for psychotherapists who want to practice in Indigenous communities

Question 32

________ refers to a time when Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples will come together to develop new relationships.

A) The eighth fire
B) Decolonization
C) Reconciliation
D) Appeasement
E) Creation

Question 33

Inuvialuit is one of the Inuit regions that composes ________.

A) Inuit Nunangat
B) the Northwest Territories
C) Yukon Territory
D) the Queen Elizabeth Islands
E) Nunatsiavut

Question 34

For Indigenous Peoples, historical trauma implies that ________.

A) all Indigenous Peoples have been victims
B) victims have been to a residential school
C) victims have been taken away from their families by child welfare authorities
D) victims live in poverty
E) none of the above

Question 35

The ________, in operation from 1998 to 2014, was an initiative to support the development of sustainable healing programming for the survivors of residential schools and their descendants.

A) Truth and Reconciliation Foundation
B) Aboriginal Healing Foundation
C) Aboriginal Wellness Strategy
D) Residential School Healing Commission
E) Healing and Wellness Commission

Question 36

A challenge facing Indigenous Peoples living in urban settings is ________.

A) a lack of access to traditional foods
B) a disconnect from land-based resources
C) a lack of access to traditional medicines
D) structural barriers and stereotypes
E) all of the above

Question 37

Typically referring to Jewish or African peoples and their forced migration and dispersion from their homelands, the term ________ could also be applied to the mobility of Indigenous Peoples in Canada.

A) refugee
B) migrant
C) resettlement
D) diaspora
E) relocation

Question 38

________ refers to trauma experienced by someone who may not have been exposed to past atrocities or personally experienced any form of individual trauma but who still carries a collective memory of victimhood as a key identity marker without being aware of this.

A) Co-occurring disorder
B) Collective trauma
C) Intergenerational trauma
D) Trauma bonding
E) Strategic trauma

Question 39

According to teachings of the Medicine Wheel, ________ is/are depicted in the centre of the Wheel.

A) the family
B) the community
C) ancestors
D) the self
E) harmony

Question 40

________ describes a continual process of establishing and maintaining respectful relationships, and, where necessary, repairing damaged ones through concrete actions.

A) Reparations
B) Reconciliation
C) Settlement
D) Arbitration
E) Restoration

Question 41

________ is NOT considered a gift included in the Medicine Wheel.

A) Insight
B) Action
C) Purpose
D) Vision
E) Relationships

Question 42

The Medical Services Branch of Health Canada delivers programs and services to ________.

A) all Indigenous Peoples in Canada
B) status First Nations and Inuit only
C) status and non-status First Nations only
D) First Nations and Métis only
E) Métis and Inuit only

Question 43

________ theory debunks the notion of European superiority.

A) Constructivist
B) Colonial
C) Postcolonial
D) Settlement
E) Migration

Question 44

________ are beliefs presented as being accepted by the entire world.

A) Common themes
B) Common sense ideas
C) Global logic strategies
D) Universal realities
E) Universal truths

Question 45

________ refers to the idea that an inevitable series of events for the future is predetermined. This idea was used to justify the expansion and appropriation of land by European settlers and the colonization of Indigenous Peoples in North America.

A) New World Order
B) Manifest destiny
C) Expansionism
D) Ethnocentrism
E) Protestant work ethic

Question 46

The Idle No More movement began in order to ________.

A) create physical education programs in elementary and secondary schools
B) bring attention to Indigenous issues in Canada
C) call for the closing of all residential schools in Canada
D) seek compensation for residential school survivors
E) challenge Bill C-31 regarding membership in First Nations communities

Question 47

The Idle No More movement began in ________.

A) 1990
B) 2008
C) 2012
D) 1985
E) 2001

Question 48

Between 2000 and 2008, Indigenous girls and women represented ________ per cent of all female homicides in Canada, although they are only ________ per cent of the female population.

A) 10; 3
B) 2; 1
C) 5; 1
D) 6; 2
E) 4; 2

Question 49

Nearly ________ per cent of missing girls and women in Saskatchewan are of Indigenous ancestry.

A) 25
B) 33
C) 45
D) 59
E) 15

Question 50

Before their inclusion in the final report in June 2019 of the National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls, there was little attention paid to violence against ________.

A) urban Indigenous women
B) trans and two-spirit Indigenous Peoples
C) women and girls living in remote regions of Canada
D) Indigenous Elders
E) youth in care

Question 51

Turtle Island is the Haudenosaunee term to describe Canada.

Question 52

The term "Indians" means "those who are descendants of the original inhabitants."

Question 53

The Métis Nation is a distinct Indigenous group in Canada.

Question 54

Indigenous Peoples live only in rural regions of Canada.

Question 55

Indigenous Peoples in Canada share the same culture.

Question 56

Canada's Indigenous Peoples include the Inuit, who traditionally occupied the four northern regions of Canada that comprise Inuit Nunangat.

Question 57

The Indian Act formed much of the basis of the introduction of oppressive apartheid policies against Black people in South Africa.

Question 58

Indigenous Peoples' worldviews generally emphasize the collective, rather than the individual.

Question 59

In 1904, the Indian Act was modified, removing the requirement that First Nations Peoples had to obtain written permission to leave the reserves from the government-appointed Indian Agent.

Question 60

One aspect of a holistic approach in Indigenous communities is that biological parents are solely responsible for raising children.

Question 61

The land is a negligible feature of Inuit cultures and spirituality.

Question 62

Traditional Anishinaabe territory is Manitoba and central and northern Ontario.

Question 63

A difference between religion and spirituality is that religion is a structured form of spirituality that usually has a group following, whereas spirituality can include individual experiences with or without a structured belief system.

Question 64

The Indian Act is the only legislation in the world designed for a particular "race" of people.

Question 65

In Canada, the term Indigenous refers to First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Peoples.

Question 66

Indigenous Peoples today are required to live on reserves.

Question 67

In the beginning of the 1920s, the Canadian government made it illegal for Indigenous parents to keep their children out of residential schools.

Question 68

Residential schooling led to an increase in post-secondary enrollment of Indigenous children in the 1960s.

Question 69

Half of the children who went to residential schools never returned to their communities.

Question 70

The last residential school to close its doors was located in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

Question 71

Schools in First Nations communities continue to be funded 30 per cent less than schools everywhere else in the country.

Question 72

As of 2016, Indigenous children accounted for 51 per cent of children in care.

Question 73

Curriculum in residential schools included Indigenous language instruction.

Question 74

During the Sixties Scoop, some Indigenous children removed from families were placed in non-Indigenous homes in the United States.

Question 75

Trauma suffered by Indigenous parents, grandparents, and great-grandparents can have serious impacts on Indigenous Peoples' lives today.

Question 76

Intergenerational trauma is another term for historical trauma.

Question 77

To be an ally, a social worker must be an Indigenous person.

Question 78

The most effective way to be an ally is to take a class on Indigenous Peoples.

Question 79

The Métis styles of prayer, music, and dance as artistic forms of ensuring health and well-being are the same as those of First Nations communities.

Question 80

When adopting an anti-oppressive approach to social work with Indigenous Peoples, one finds individual deficiencies as the major cause of and explanation for social problems.