Deck 14: Social Movements

Question 1

Why did Tarana Burke start the #MeToo movement?

A) To empower women and men to share their stories of sexual harassment
B) To take down the powerful men who control Hollywood
C) To demand that men be less masculine and more feminine
D) To create a viral sensation and secure a book deal

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The #MeToo movement is emblematic of what kind of change?

A) State sponsored
B) Social movements
C) Spontaneous
D) Foreign influenced

Answer 2

B

Question 3

A durable challenge to those currently holding power in the name of those wronged is known as a(n) ______.

A) state sponsored effort
B) institutionalized change
C) social movement
D) viral sensation

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Ijeoma is a leader of an effort to boycott stores that support anti-LGBTQI legislation. Her effort is an example of a ______.

A) risky behavior
B) state sanction
C) legal action
D) social movement

Question 5

Gennadiy organized one protest at the state capitol after vaping pens were outlawed in Michigan. Since this was the only event, which of Tilly's criteria for social movements did Gennadiy fail to meet?

A) Sustained challenge
B) Engage power holders
C) Act on behalf of the wronged
D) Participate in unauthorized action

Question 6

A billionaire hires counter-protesters to march near protesters in front of a factory. The protesters want the billionaire to change his policy of using undocumented immigrant workers. Hiring the counter-protesters would not be considered a social movement because it ______.

A) cannot be sustained
B) does not engage power holders
C) harms wronged people
D) uses unauthorized action

Question 7

A person who supports a movement like Black Lives Matter, but is not part of the group that has been wronged, is part of ______.

A) the power holders
B) an opposition group
C) the conscience constituency
D) a protest coalition

Question 8

Teachers in Chicago strike to demand improved wages or working conditions. A strike is an example of a disruptive effort, or a(n) ______.

A) conscience constituency
B) sustained challenge
C) social change
D) unauthorized action

Question 9

One of Tilly's measures of the strength of a social movement lies in the group's ability to convince others that their message is important, or its ______.

A) worthiness
B) unity
C) numbers
D) commitment

Question 10

Activists often wear the same shirts and chant the same messages in order to show ______.

A) worthiness
B) unity
C) numbers
D) commitment

Question 11

Those in power will listen more closely to groups with greater ______.

A) worthiness
B) fragmentation
C) numbers
D) morality

Question 12

When a social movement persists in spite of difficult or dangerous conditions, this demonstrates what type of strength?

A) Worthiness
B) Unity
C) Numbers
D) Commitment

Question 13

Tilly asserted that worthiness x unity x numbers x commitment (W x U x N x C) equals the strength of a movement. If any of these factors are low, what might activists do to show their commitment?

A) Retrain members to improve their media skills.
B) Engage in risky behaviors to gain more attention.
C) Merge with similar groups to grow numbers.
D) Disband until another social movement is launched.

Question 14

Sometimes people try to benefit from a social movement without adding any effort of their own to it. This is known as the collective action problem, or ______.

A) freeloader problem
B) social loafing
C) public good
D) free-rider problem

Question 15

People tend to determine whether to participate in social movements based on which two criteria?

A) Risk and cost
B) Time and money
C) Work and family
D) Faith and loyalty

Question 16

Which activity in support of a social movement is the most dangerous?

A) Signing a petition
B) Boycotting
C) Protesting
D) Posting on social media

Question 17

Why is boycotting the least contentious way of supporting a social movement?

A) It only involves avoiding something, like a restaurant.
B) It involves physically blocking businesses with picket lines.
C) It requires discussing controversial topics before signing.
D) It involves committing an unauthorized action.

Question 18

What has changed about participation in social movements in the last few decades?

A) People are boycotting more, and protesting less.
B) More people are reporting satisfaction with government.
C) The percentage of people protesting has nearly doubled.
D) Writing letters to the editor of newspapers has increased.

Question 19

What element of participation in social movements makes people intellectually available to become active in the movement?

A) Ideology
B) Resources
C) Biography
D) Social ties

Question 20

Soleil is confident that her vote matters and that she is fully prepared to discuss the issues surrounding the election in order to persuade others. She has a high level of ______.

A) ideology
B) social ties
C) efficacy
D) resources

Question 21

What factor related to ideology increases the likelihood of becoming active in social movements?

A) Resources
B) Identity
C) Biographical availability
D) Religious beliefs

Question 22

Money, free time, education, and political knowledge are parts of what element of social movement participation?

A) Identity
B) Resources
C) Social ties
D) Biography

Question 23

Jack and Diane are less likely to participate in protests because they have three small children at home. This is an example of which element of social movement participation?

A) Biographical availability
B) Social ties and identity
C) Resource availability
D) Ideological flexibility

Question 24

Maya's parents and teachers joined a protest against Islamophobic policies, making it more likely that Maya will also participate. Which element of social movement participation does this illustrate?

A) Ideology
B) Resources
C) Social ties
D) Biography

Question 25

Participating in social movements can create a spirit of "we-ness," and change a person's ______.

A) identity
B) ideology
C) resources
D) availability

Question 26

A small location within a community that is beyond the control of the dominant groups, and allows challenges to that dominance is known as a(n) ______.

A) cultural zone
B) rallying point
C) free space
D) private place

Question 27

The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee meetings are held in the student union building on campus, which is a ______ because the college administration cannot interfere there.

A) free space
B) political setting
C) protest paradigm
D) hidden locale

Question 28

Which two methods did McAdam use to study whether taking part in Freedom Summer had lasting effects on participants?

A) Case study and observation
B) Survey and interview
C) Observation and survey
D) Interview and case study

Question 29

What is the purpose of the process of framing?

A) It simplifies the world by selecting what to emphasize and what to deemphasize.
B) It is used by the media to make all stories as mundane as possible.
C) It is used by people to explore and explode their stereotypes about others.
D) It is used by capitalists to extend their exploitation of the proletariat.

Question 30

Bernie believes that human activity is causing climate change, but Donald does not. What element of framing are they disagreeing over?

A) Diagnostic
B) Prognostic
C) Motivational
D) Predictive

Question 31

Edward and Olabisi both agree that African Americans are not treated equally by the police in the United States. Edward wants to start a page on Facebook to spread awareness, but Olabisi thinks lobbying Congress to require police to report all incidents is a better strategy. They disagree over which element of framing?

A) Motivational
B) Diagnostic
C) Prognostic
D) Agnostic

Question 32

Don and Paul agree that racism is a major problem in the United States. Don thinks racism is best remedied by individuals treating each other better, while Paul wants to deconstruct institutionalized racism. On which element of framing do they disagree?

A) Prognostic
B) Predictive
C) Diagnostic
D) Motivational

Question 33

The fact that the media must choose which stories to report due to time and space limitations is known as ______.

A) confirmation bias
B) selection bias
C) description bias
D) hindsight bias

Question 34

Stories about former quarterback Colin Kaepernick are more common during the football season in the United States because his form of protest is on people's minds. In other words, the media use ______ to help them select which stories to run.

A) issue attention cycles
B) selection bias
C) description bias
D) confirmation bias

Question 35

If a television network has a strong conservative ideology, it may tend to frame liberal actions as threatening to their viewers. This is an example of ______.

A) selection bias
B) confirmation bias
C) issue attention cycles
D) description bias

Question 36

Editors and producers of media act as gatekeepers, choosing the most important or volatile stories to report in the ______ model of the media.

A) organizational
B) ideological
C) motivational
D) economical

Question 37

Which story would be most likely distributed using the organizational model of the media?

A) "Climate Change Continues Unabated"
B) "Sea Levels Rising Faster Due To Climate Change"
C) "Climate Change Protest Continues For 30th Week"
D) "Warmer Temperatures Lead To More Flowers"

Question 38

If a White Christian and a Black Muslim commit the same heinous crime, but only the Muslim is reported as a terrorist in the media, this is evidence for the ______ model of the media.

A) Islamophobic
B) organizational
C) motivational
D) ideological

Question 39

The fact that the overall crime rate in the United States has been declining for decades is overshadowed by media outlets using the ______ model of the media to maximize profits by sensationalizing crime stories.

A) ideological
B) operational
C) organizational
D) motivational

Question 40

Why is it dangerous for society when media outlets profile white supremacists without questioning their belief systems?

A) The media only portrays the views of the dominant part of society.
B) The media influences who people consider as legitimate and important.
C) People with unusual belief systems are exposed to ridicule in the media.
D) People increase their critical engagement on issues based on what they see in the media.

Question 41

What potential conflict do media outlets in the United States face regarding their selection of stories?

A) Media outlets have to maintain their ideological identity to keep viewers tuning in.
B) They have to keep advertisers happy, so stories that would anger them are problematic.
C) Media outlets have to pass stories through government censors before broadcasting.
D) They cannot afford to push anyone out of their comfort zone, so they edit tough stories.

Question 42

How does media coverage of protests tend to discount them and support the status quo?

A) The government intervenes and replaces protesters' narratives with its own versions.
B) Deep investigative coverage tends to turn people off because attention spans are shrinking.
C) Protesters are depicted more favorably than government officials and policies.
D) Coverage tends to focus on individuals rather than systemic or institutional problems.

Question 43

If a social movement is seen as a valid spokesperson for a legitimate concern, it has earned ______.

A) exception
B) acceptance
C) advantage
D) advancement

Question 44

Why are politicians reluctant to admit when a social movement group has influenced them?

A) Uninvolved people are easier to govern.
B) They can charge higher bribes in secret.
C) Politicians are too busy to meet with people.
D) Political groups do not want the competition.

Question 45

If a social movement with the goal of improved gun control convinces lawmakers to pass new regulations, they have earned a(n) ______.

A) new advantage
B) acceptance
C) notoriety
D) infamy

Question 46

Groups which have obtained acceptance and new advantages have earned ______.

A) co-optation
B) full response
C) pre-emption
D) collapse

Question 47

A group that becomes the accepted spokesperson for an issue, but does NOT get any new advantages, has earned ______.

A) pre-emption
B) collapse
C) co-optation
D) full response

Question 48

If the government responds to the concerns of a group, but undermines its legitimacy, the group has earned ______.

A) co-optation
B) full response
C) collapse
D) pre-emption

Question 49

Through his leadership and efforts, the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was able to improve the lives of African Americans even though he was defamed and hounded by the government. This is an example of ______.

A) pre-emption
B) collapse
C) full response
D) co-optation

Question 50

The group Mothers Against Drunk Driving, or MADD, became the voice of the anti-drunk driving campaign and was able to convince lawmakers to pass laws to reduce drunk driving. What has this group achieved?

A) Collapse
B) Full response
C) Pre-emption
D) Co-optation

Question 51

Most people agree that women are equal to men, but do very little to encourage employers to pay men and women equally. This is an example of ______.

A) pre-emption
B) collapse
C) full response
D) co-optation

Question 52

Ben led a social movement aiming to legalize heroin. His group failed to gain legitimacy or any new advantages, so it ended, or ______.

A) collapsed
B) preempted
C) co-opted
D) rebranded

Question 53

If King George III of England had granted the American colonists a non-voting seat in parliament, he would have ______ their independence movement.

A) obstructed
B) co-opted
C) collapsed
D) preempted

Question 54

Consumer health advocates have successfully gotten vape pens banned in many locales. This is an example of ______.

A) new advantages
B) acceptance
C) pre-emption
D) co-optation

Question 55

What is one reason it is hard to measure success of social movements?

A) Politicians often boast and take credit.
B) Goals are sometimes not clearly defined.
C) Movement participants crave anonymity.
D) Most people are unaware of social movements.

Question 56

The president made a public statement about his desire for strict background checks for gun sales, but changed his rhetoric after meeting with the leader of a gun rights group. Why would the president not admit the meeting changed his mind?

A) He may want to respect the privacy of the group leader.
B) The president is not allowed to divulge meeting minutes.
C) Those in power are often reluctant to admit being influenced.
D) The president cannot publicly acknowledge interest group activity.

Question 57

What is one drawback of an engaged and active electorate for politicians?

A) Engaged and active people donate to political campaigns less often.
B) Active people can be impressed with symbolic gestures, but get bored easily.
C) Engaged and active people only come out to vote every four years.
D) This type of population is more likely to protest unpopular decisions.

Question 58

What challenge did sociologist William Gamson uncover in attempting to measure the success of social movement groups?

A) Groups do not always fall into one category of success.
B) Most groups collapse before their success can be measured.
C) Not all groups report their activities so they can be studied.
D) Groups often have goals that are too small or too specific.

Question 59

What challenge could public sociology face in the United States?

A) Most people are unaware of the sociological imagination.
B) The culture is very individualistic and resists systemic analyses.
C) Collectivist cultures may not embrace sociological perspectives.
D) Many people confuse sociology with socialism, a political non-starter.

Question 60

Those who seek to engage in public sociology want to shift the discussion toward ______.

A) possible changes
B) past patterns
C) current situations
D) famous sociologists

Question 61

A protester who runs away rather than being arrested for disrupting traffic is showing commitment.

Question 62

A public good is non-rivalrous and non-excludable.

Question 63

People can participate in social movements without officially joining the group.

Question 64

Most activism in the United States is NOT very risky.

Question 65

The resources element of social movement participation refers only to money.

Question 66

The organizational model of the media asserts that journalists conspire with government officials to control the messages available to United States citizens.

Question 67

The media plays an important role in educating the people about social issues.

Question 68

Television stations are required to offer equal time to differing viewpoints because they are using bandwidth that is owned by the public.

Question 69

Media coverage of protest events tend to cover dramatic or wacky elements rather than the message of the protesters.

Question 70

It is possible for a group to achieve its goals without being recognized as the voice of their cause.

Question 71

Social movement success is measured in acceptance, NOT advantages.

Question 72

It is easier for social movements to measure success in larger goals than smaller ones.

Question 73

Public sociology helps societies visualize what could be instead of focusing on current conditions.

Question 74

Karl Marx's efforts to control capitalism could be considered an early version of public sociology.

Question 75

Describe and give examples of each of Tilly's five elements of a social movement.

Question 76

Explain the importance of the four elements that affect participation in social movements.

Question 77

What role does the media play in determining what beliefs are considered mainstream? Use details and examples to support your answer.

Question 78

Explain co-optation and pre-emption in reference to social movements using situations with details and examples for support.

Question 79

Define public sociology and provide at least one example of a possible benefit to society, and a potential challenge to its acceptance.