Deck 15: Theories of Organizational Behavior and Leadership

Question 1

What did Frederick Winslow Taylor believe about managers?

A) Managers and workers were opposed to each other's ideals and values.
B) Managers needed to operate in hierarchical structures.
C) Managers should scientifically determine the best way to do a job, select the best employee for a job, to train the employee, and to share results with the workers.
D) Managers should instill loyalty and commitment to the organization in the workers.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Max Weber developed the:

A) Bureaucratic Theory.
B) Theory of Administration.
C) X and Y theories.
D) Hawthorne Studies.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

From the Hawthorne Studies, two facets of an organization were identified. These were:

A) a hierarchical organization and a worker-based organization.
B) a technical organization and a human organization.
C) a hierarchical organization and a human organization.
D) a technical organization and an administrative organization.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which statement best describes the beliefs of Herbert Simon?

A) "Administration consists of proportions as to how men would behave if they wished their activity to result in the greatest attainment of administrative objectives with scarce means."
B) "The most successful organizations tended to maintain states of differentiation and integration consistent with the diversity of the parts of the environment and the required interdependence of these parts."
C) "The only meaningful way to study an organization is to study it as a system."
D) "To be stable, a cultural change has to penetrate all aspects of a nation's life."

Question 5

Fred Fielder proposed that group performance was based on a balance between the leader's style and his or her level of control. This model is referred to as:

A) a change theory model.
B) Taylorism.
C) a general systems model.
D) a contingency model.

Question 6

Which statement most accurately encapsulates Henry Mintzberg's research and findings?

A) The best managers are those that are empathetic with their workers and provide emotional support and guidance.
B) Conflict in organizations is inevitable and a manager's most important function is to manage conflict.
C) Managers function in three distinct roles: informational roles (nerve center, spokesperson, disseminator), interpersonal roles (figurehead, leader, liaison), and decisional roles (entrepreneur, negotiator).
D) Managers that do not embrace change will harm their organizations, as organizations must change and evolve to survive.

Question 7

Which statement most closely resembles the beliefs and work of Ludwig von Bertalanffy?

A) Workers are motivated by primal needs first and foremost as outlined by Abram Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
B) Managers must manage the processes of unfreezing, moving, and refreezing.
C) Successful managers must coordinate labor and balance internal power struggles simultaneously.
D) Nonlinear relationships exist between variables and a small change in one may cause a big change in the others.

Question 8

Which statement best describes the force field model by Kurt Lewin?

A) A series of steps of unfreezing, moving, and refreezing in which change is not a one-time event but a dynamic balance of these forces
B) A balance between a hierarchical structure and a desire for empowerment on the part of the workers
C) A constant search for equilibrium within the organization
D) A way to measure productivity using scientific principles and calculations

Question 9

What is the difference between Theory X and Theory Y?

A) Theory X is based on beliefs that the average person dislikes work; Theory Y is based on the belief that the average person enjoys work.
B) Theory X is based on beliefs that the average person dislikes work; Theory Y is based on the belief that workers are governed by higher-order needs.
C) Theory X is based on beliefs that the average person dislikes work; Theory Y is based on the belief that workers are loyal to their organization.
D) Theory X is based on beliefs that the average person seeks out work that they enjoy; Theory Y is based on the belief that workers want to participate in all decision-making processes within their organization.

Question 10

William Ouchi developed:

A) Theory X
B) Theory Y
C) Theories X and Y
D) Theory Z