Deck 12: Architecture

Question 1

Skyscrapers were first designed to maximize the amount of space a building
Provided for offices or apartments, while minimizing the land needed for the building's footprint. This is an example of:

A) Form following function
B) Public functions mixed with private functions
C) Commercial function
D) Function following form

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Because buildings are three-dimensional works, ________ are key to understanding them.

A) Form and space
B) Function and mass
C) Interior form and exterior space
D) Mass and space

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Imagine that you are an architect and have been commissioned to design a building that is as "green" as possible. What might you do in your design?

A) Put plants on the roof and consider mass
B) Consider the building's setting and incorporate digital controls
C) Use solar panels and import ultra-light steel
D) Recycle an old building and be energy efficient

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Because an architect designs a building and engineers and builders construct it, a building can be described as a/an ______ and _____ art form.

A) Individual / collaborative
B) Collaborative / designed
C) Individual / three-dimensional
D) Three-dimensional / functional

Question 5

A building needs to withstand squeezing and pulling forces. These forces are called:

A) Reinforced concrete and corbel
B) Tensile and mass
C) Compression and tension
D) Suspension and compression

Question 6

Which material would be successful in resisting a lot of force pushing down on it?

A) Stone
B) Brick
C) Concrete
D) All of these

Question 7

A structural system that has one material that both supports and encloses a building is called a _______ system.

A) Skeleton-and-skin
B) Shell
C) Compressive
D) Beam and column

Question 8

A corbel is a variation on the load-bearing system in which:

A) Walls support themselves
B) A curved rood is built in the form of a tunnel
C) Stones extend slightly beyond the ones piled below
D) The structure is earthquake resistant

Question 9

A cantilever is DIFFERENT from a post-and-lintel method of construction because a cantilever:

A) Relies on horizontal beams being supported by vertical uprights
B) Contains an entablature
C) Is a shell construction method
D) Has an overhang

Question 10

Pointed arches and vaults solve which problems found with round arches and vaults?

A) Thinner walls and wider buildings
B) Small windows and voussoirs
C) Height limitation and need for thick walls
D) Tall buildings and groin vaults

Question 11

Why is reinforced concrete so versatile?

A) It can create pointed arches
B) It resists tension and compression
C) It resists compression and intensifies tension
D) It can be cast into many shapes and makes groin vaults

Question 12

Which might be best for the skeleton of a very tall skyscraper?

A) Steel
B) Iron
C) Wood
D) Reinforced concrete

Question 13

To make a structure for harsh environments, such as the Arctic, an architect might consider using what method of construction?

A) Suspension
B) Geodesic dome
C) Reinforced concrete
D) Shell

Question 14

A suspension bridge needs its main cables to be anchored on each bank for what purpose?

A) To keep the roadbed from falling down
B) To keep the columns from falling in
C) To form a truss
D) To create buttressing

Question 15

Computer modeling might be used by architects in order to:

A) Create innovative structures
B) Form innovative spaces
C) Make a building collaborative
D) Reflect the architect's vision

Question 16

Structures can have public, private, commercial, or religious uses.

Question 17

Tension describes a squeezing force.

Question 18

Corbels can create open space.

Question 19

Pointed and round arches have similar limitations and requirements.

Question 20

A geodesic dome is a type of frame construction.

Question 21

In general, a building's form should follow its _______ .

Question 22

Because one architect's design needs many people to bring it to fruition, it is an individual and ________ art form.

Question 23

The material ______ is composed of concrete and metal rods so that it can resist compression and tension effectively.

Question 24

A ______ is similar to post-and-lintel construction, but it requires a material that better resists tensile forces because of the overhang.

Question 25

A bridge that holds up a roadbed with cables that hang from columns is called a ________ structure.

Question 26

Frank Lloyd Wright's Fallingwater (Edgar Kaufmann Residence) (figure 12.23) with the Ancestral Puebloan Cliff Palace (figure 12.9), considering how both structures take their environments into consideration and how both have forms that follow their functions.

Question 27

Think about the way a building must incorporate both mass and space. How can the way mass and space are experienced affect the kind of message or feeling a building conveys? Give specific examples.

Question 28

If a material like steel is incredibly strong in resisting compression and tension, why would builders ever use other materials? Give specific examples to support your point.

Question 29

What kind of structural system was used in Louis Sullivan and Dankmar Adler's Wainwright Building (figure 12.6)-load-bearing, corbel, post-and-lintel, cantilever, arch, dome, reinforced concrete, frame, or suspension? How do you know? Did this system make the most sense to use?

Question 30

What other environmental hazards, besides earthquakes, might computer modeling help architects address? Give specific examples.