Deck 11: Interpersonal Violence

Question 1

According to the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice in 1967, the fear of crime is really a fear of

A) economic loss.
B) injury.
C) strangers.
D) police.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following is a true statement about "school shootings"?

A) Most offenders come from "stable" homes without histories of abuse.
B) Most offenders were bullied at school.
C) News coverage of school mass murder ignores how the crime is patterned by gender.
D) All of the above.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

According to Currie's recent research, the United States has one of the highest levels of __________ among industrialized countries.

A) burglaries
B) abortion by teenaged girls
C) drug use
D) interpersonal violence

Answer 3

D

Question 4

How do crimes of interpersonal violence differ from corporate violence?

A) Interpersonal violence is face-to-face violence.
B) Interpersonal violence inflicts more harm to more people.
C) Interpersonal violence is usually impersonal and random.
D) Interpersonal violence might result in serious bodily injury, but corporate violence typically does not.

Question 5

Murder is defined by the FBI as the

A) willful (nonnegligent) killing of one human being by any human or corporate entity.
B) willful (nonnegligent) killing of one human being by another.
C) death of an individual that results from premeditated and planned killing.
D) death of an individual that results from reckless or negligent conduct.

Question 6

The best source of data for homicide researchers is

A) a self-report study.
B) the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS).
C) the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR).
D) a participant-observation study.

Question 7

Murder is the most serious but least common crime. What percent of the Index crimes does murder account for?

A) 1.2 percent
B) 5 percent
C) 12 percent
D) 33 percent

Question 8

Gay and lesbian partner battering is similar to that which occurs in heterosexual relationships EXCEPT that

A) shelters do not exist for male victims.
B) women are far more likely to be the assailant than men are.
C) battering among gay and lesbian partners is usually not part of a broader pattern of coercion and control.
D) family members are more likely to intervene due to their homophobia.

Question 9

Murder occurs primarily in __________ and the __________.

A) rural areas, Northeast
B) suburban areas, Midwest
C) big cities, South
D) agricultural centers, Southwest

Question 10

Why might the UCR undercount murder?

A) Some murders are ignored or overlooked.
B) Coroners may mistake a murder for a suicide.
C) Bodies may be hidden.
D) All of the above are reasons why the UCR may undercount murder.

Question 11

Homicides usually result from

A) serial killers stalking strangers.
B) mass murderers killing at random.
C) mothers killing their children before birth.
D) disagreements between individuals who know each other.

Question 12

The largest percentage of murders involve arguments over

A) romantic triangles.
B) property and money.
C) failed business ventures.
D) both a and b.

Question 13

Murders are more likely to occur during

A) holiday seasons and summer vacations.
B) the typical working day.
C) cold freezes in the Northeast.
D) family cookouts.

Question 14

Professional murder occurs when someone kills for

A) personal revenge.
B) profit.
C) professional revenge.
D) none of the above reasons.

Question 15

What type of murders are "school shootings"?

A) serial murder
B) mass murder
C) victim-precipitated murder
D) hate crime murder

Question 16

The vast majority of homicides in the United States involve

A) baseball bats.
B) knives.
C) firearms.
D) strangulations.

Question 17

Regions with the highest rate of __________ tend to have the highest homicide rates.

A) gun ownership
B) domestic violence
C) juvenile violence
D) explosive devices

Question 18

Gun ownership might not cause murder rates to increase, but the presence of available weapons contributes to the higher probability of __________ killings.

A) impulsive
B) defensive
C) accidental
D) both a and c

Question 19

According to Luckenbill's research, which of the following is NOT an instance when victim-precipitated murder is likely to occur?

A) The victim makes what the offender perceives as an offensive move, gesture, or remark.
B) The offender submits with a verbal or physical gesture.
C) The victim retaliates, creating a "working" agreement that commits both parties to a violent resolution of the conflict.
D) The battle eventually results in the death of the victim.

Question 20

Aggravated assault is defined by the FBI as an unlawful attack by one person upon

A) another.
B) another for any reason whatsoever.
C) another for the purpose of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury.
D) another for the express purpose of domination and control.

Question 21

Which group is the most frequent victim of hate crime based on racial and ethnic bias?

A) illegal immigrants
B) Native Americans
C) African Americans
D) Arab Americans

Question 22

According to the NCVS, __________ percent of aggravated assaults are reported to the police.

A) 23
B) 35
C) 47
D) 60

Question 23

Hate crimes are

A) perpetrated on people because of their perceived race, religion, disability, ethnicity, or sexual orientation.
B) perpetrated on people due to their level of hate for the offenders.
C) violent acts that are impossible to define.
D) violent acts that result in shunned groups of people.

Question 24

Of the hate crimes reported in 2011, the majority were motivated by __________ bias.

A) religious
B) sexual orientation
C) racial
D) disability

Question 25

According to recent research incidents of hate crimes are

A) declining.
B) staying about the same.
C) increasing.
D) not linked to organized hate groups.

Question 26

Hate violence differs from other forms of interpersonal violence in what ways?

A) Hate crimes are most often committed by strangers.
B) Hate crimes are most likely perpetrated by several attackers against one victim.
C) Hate crimes are often more brutal.
D) All of the above

Question 27

According to Perry's research, hate groups engage in the "politics of difference" to

A) develop a more tolerant society for whites.
B) negate, exclude, and repress other groups.
C) include, assimilate, and incorporate other groups.
D) survive in a multicultural world.

Question 28

The traditional FBI definition of rape was the

A) carnal knowledge of a female.
B) carnal knowledge of a female, without consent.
C) carnal knowledge of a female, forcibly and against her will.
D) entitlement of married men.

Question 29

Based on the definition of forcible rape, the victim must prove that

A) the attacker was not her husband or boyfriend.
B) the attacker was not provoked.
C) she was unwilling to participate.
D) physical force was used against her before or during the rape.

Question 30

How have state and federal level rape definitions changed?

A) They are now gender neutral.
B) They now include oral and anal penetration, in addition to vaginal.
C) They now include sexual penetration with someone unable to consent.
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 31

Which form of domestic violence is most common?

A) common couple violence
B) violent resistance
C) patriarchal terrorism
D) mutual violent control

Question 32

Because of patriarchal expectations within legal marriage, many women feel they

A) are unable to express themselves openly.
B) are free to determine their own sexuality.
C) have a "duty" to perform sexually for their husbands.
D) cannot initiate sexual contact with their husbands.

Question 33

Research by Finkelhor and Yllö indicates that within patriarchal marriages, many women consent to sexual intercourse to

A) get more money for shopping.
B) "keep the peace."
C) protect the kids.
D) honor their marriage vows.

Question 34

What type of rape is most likely to be reported to the police?

A) date rape
B) acquaintance rape
C) serial rape
D) stranger rape

Question 35

Why is rape underreported to the police?

A) Rape victims might feel embarrassed or ashamed.
B) Rape victims fear that they will not be believed.
C) Rape victims might feel that they should have been able to prevent the rape.
D) All of the above are reasons why rape is underreported.

Question 36

Compared to men, women are more likely to kill their partner

A) in a fit of jealous rage.
B) after enduring years of physical abuse.
C) as part of a murder-suicide.
D) using small handguns.

Question 37

Women are most likely to be victims of violent crimes when they are

A) widowed.
B) single.
C) married.
D) divorced.

Question 38

Which occupation group is most likely to suffer simple and aggravated workplace assaults?

A) college professors
B) mental health workers
C) retail sales
D) law enforcement

Question 39

Which of the following is a true statement about wife rape?

A) Wife rape is less physically brutal and humiliating than other forms of rape.
B) Wife rape is less likely to be "completed."
C) Over 30 states have legal exemptions for husbands.
D) Wife rape is taken more seriously by the legal system.

Question 40

Marital rape victims typically experience

A) episodic rape.
B) chronic rape.
C) periodic rape.
D) sporadic rape.

Question 41

Woman battering is often a companion crime to

A) assault.
B) burglary.
C) marital rape.
D) child abuse.

Question 42

Stalking

A) happens only online.
B) only affects women.
C) is more likely to affect men.
D) none of the above.

Question 43

What is the leading cause of injury to women in the United States?

A) rape by strangers
B) workplace violence
C) battery and domestic violence
D) robbery

Question 44

Battered women are often trapped in abusive relationships due to

A) realistic fear of retaliation and more brutal violence being inflicted upon them.
B) a lack of economic resources for themselves and their children.
C) realistic fear for their own survival.
D) all of the above.

Question 45

The rate of aggravated assault is __________ the murder rate.

A) about 50 times greater than
B) about 10 times greater than
C) about the same as
D) a bit less than

Question 46

Which part of the medical profession "discovered" child abuse?

A) pediatric psychology
B) pediatric dentistry
C) pediatric radiology
D) pediatric anesthesiology

Question 47

Which of the following impeded physicians' recognition of child abuse?

A) They were unwilling to believe that parents would physically harm their children.
B) The norm of confidentiality.
C) Their reluctance to involve the criminal justice system.
D) All of the above impeded recognition of child abuse.

Question 48

Most incest is committed by __________ against __________.

A) grandfathers, granddaughters
B) fathers, daughters
C) brothers, sisters
D) uncles, nieces

Question 49

Why was the trial of Angie Zapata's murderer so important?

A) It was the first successful use of an anti-ethnic hate crime statute.
B) It was the first time a hate crimes statute was used successfully in the death of a transgender person.
C) It was the first successful prosecution to link wife rape with battery.
D) It was the first successful prosecution of a murder preceded by cyberstalking.

Question 50

It is not uncommon to see that __________ are abused in homes where women and children are abused.

A) prescription drugs
B) visitors
C) companion animals
D) husbands

Question 51

Sexual harassment is a violation of

A) the Violence Against Women Act.
B) the Equal Opportunity Employment Act.
C) Title VII of the U.S. Civil Rights Act.
D) OSHA workplace standards.

Question 52

The most likely perpetrator of "vengeful" workplace violence is a __________ who has been recently fired, reprimanded, or demoted.

A) black female
B) white female
C) black male
D) white male

Question 53

Most workplace assaults are

A) simple assaults.
B) aggravated assaults.
C) fatal.
D) victim precipitated.

Question 54

Which is the most common form of antireligious hate crime?

A) violent crimes against Muslims
B) property crimes committed against Jews and Muslims
C) violent crimes against Christian men
D) violent crimes against Hindu women

Question 55

Which type of hate group has increased the most since the election of President Barack Obama?

A) KKK
B) Neo-Nazi
C) "Patriot" groups and armed militias
D) Leftist skinheads

Question 56

Which of the following is incorrect regarding stalking?

A) Most victims know their stalker.
B) The most common form of stalking is stalking of celebrities.
C) Most women are stalked by the intimate partner who physically abused them.
D) Three-quarters of female victims are stalked by their killer.

Question 57

Murder is the most common and most feared crime reported to the police.

Question 58

The existence of mens rea distinguishes aggravated assault from simple assault.

Question 59

The difference between aggravated assault and murder is usually the presence of a firearm.

Question 60

Rape and sexual harassment are similar in that they both entail dehumanizing the victims and abuse of power.

Question 61

Compared to girls, sexual abuse of boys begins when they are younger and therefore lasts longer.

Question 62

Less than 2 percent of married women are sexually assaulted by their husbands.

Question 63

Heterosexual and homosexual partner battering are exactly the same in terms of dynamics, types of threats they present, and impact on the victims.

Question 64

When compared to other crimes of interpersonal violence, hate crimes are usually more physically brutal, committed by a small group against a single victim, and committed by strangers to the victim.

Question 65

Hate crimes are most often motivated by anti-gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgender bias.

Question 66

Abuse of companion animals is common in homes where other forms of physical abuse occur.

Question 67

Most murders occur between strangers.

Question 68

Stalking occurs only online.

Question 69

Elder abuse involves physical, sexual, and emotional abuse.

Question 70

Animal abuse is a complex phenomenon that is not well understood.

Question 71

Murder is the third-leading cause of death in the workplace.

Question 72

Most battered women do not leave situations of domestic violence.

Question 73

Stranger rape is the most common form of rape.

Question 74

Most states have hate crime statutes that include gender identity.

Question 75

Most conventional crime is nonviolent.

Question 76

Fear of crime is typically fear of interpersonal violent crime. But there are many myths related to violent crime. Write a brief essay that compares some of the myths of interpersonal violent crime to its reality.

Question 77

Interpersonal violent crime tends to be patterned by gender. Demonstrate your understanding of this idea by briefly comparing and contrasting the gendering of rape, battery, and spousal murder.

Question 78

Although hate crime includes both crimes against property and crimes against persons, such as assault and murder, hate crime violence differs from conventional interpersonal violence in important ways. Write a brief essay that compares and contrasts hate crime and nonhate crime interpersonal violence on at least three points.

Question 79

Briefly explain the similarities among and differences between child abuse and elder abuse. Be sure to address issues of dependency and gender among victims and perpetrators, and make at least three points of comparison in the course of your answer.