Deck 11: Privacy: What Is It and Why Should It Be Protected

Question 1

What is privacy, and why is it morally important?

Answer 1

No Answer.

Question 2

Do we have a right to privacy online? Explain your answer.

Answer 2

No Answer.

Question 3

Is privacy an inviolable right or a moral value? Explain your answer.

Answer 3

No Answer.

Question 4

Is privacy valuable in an intrinsic or instrumental sense? Explain your answer.

Question 5

Is privacy a socially constructed right? Explain your answer.

Question 6

In 1890 Brandeis and Warren published an article in Harvard Law Review entitled "The Right to Privacy" in which they argued that "Instantaneous photographs and newspaper enterprise have invaded the sacred precincts of private and domestic life." If we have a natural right to privacy, then

A) we had that right long before Brandeis and Warren published their groundbreaking article.
B) the publication of Brandeis and Warren's groundbreaking article created this right.
C) this natural right was created when the courts began to recognize the right discovered by Brandeis and Warren.
D) None of the above (All the statements are false.)

Question 7

In 2010, a Spanish citizen won a case against Google to have what removed from the Internet searches?

A) Pictures taken of him in public without his permission
B) Video of him in public taken without his permission
C) Public information about his foreclosed property
D) All of the above

Question 8

After the court ruling that established the right to be forgotten in Europe,

A) thousands of Europeans requested their personal information removed.
B) Google removed over a million pages from its index.
C) Yahoo and Bing began removing personal information.
D) All of the above

Question 9

The problem with recognizing privacy as a right is its potential conflict with

A) the power of law enforcement.
B) property rights.
C) surveillance.
D) right to free speech.

Question 10

Which of the following attempts to recognize a right to privacy as a freestanding right?

A) UN
B) Locke
C) Nozick
D) Brandeis and Warren

Question 11

The UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights grounds rights in

A) the right to equality under the law.
B) freedom of speech.
C) the right to property.
D) human dignity.

Question 12

Philosophers have proposed two fundamentally different accounts about the origin and nature of moral rights.

A) Some say that we have certain rights independently of any human conventions, while other say they are socially constructed.
B) Some say that rights are guaranteed by the Constitution and the legal system, while other say they are socially constructed.
C) Some say that we have certain rights independently of any human conventions, while other say that rights are guaranteed by the Constitution and the legal system.
D) Some say that rights vary from country to country, while others say that all humans are created equal and therefore have the same rights.

Question 13

Which of the following would ground the right to privacy in its benefits to society?

A) a social constructivist
B) John Locke
C) UN
D) All of the above

Question 14

Why might we conceive of privacy as a value instead of a right?

A) Rights are inviolable.
B) It may sometimes be appropriate to violate privacy.
C) Rights have a binary structure of either being possessed or not; values can be compared.
D) All of the above

Question 15

The most fundamental natural right identified by Locke is

A) the ownership right we have to ourselves.
B) the right to free speech.
C) our right to sell the fruits of our labor on a free market.
D) the right to be protected from aggressive enemy states.

Question 16

What does it mean to say that privacy has intrinsic value?

A) Privacy is valuable for its own sake, regardless of the consequences on our well-being or society.
B) Privacy is an essential element of autonomy.
C) Privacy is a socially constructed right.
D) a and b

Question 17

What does it mean to say that we have a natural right to privacy?

A) That an infringement on our privacy is a violation of our ownership of ourselves or something else that we own
B) That privacy is an essential element of autonomy
C) That privacy is valuable for its own sake, regardless of the consequences on our well-being or society
D) All of the above

Question 18

Utilitarians believe about that intellectual property rights are

A) social constructions.
B) natural rights, justified by the mixing theory of labor.
C) natural rights, justified by the categorical imperative.
D) social constructions, which exist independently of their consequences for human well-being.

Question 19

What is the relation between privacy and autonomy?

A) There is no difference between privacy and autonomy.
B) If your autonomy is limited by the government, this will automatically violate your right to privacy.
C) Utilitarians believe that we have a natural right to privacy but not to autonomy.
D) You cannot be fully autonomous unless you have some privacy; the lack of privacy sometimes reduces your autonomy.

Question 20

The example of the politician only buying one bottle of wine at a time is an example of

A) how protecting privacy does not maximize utility.
B) a utilitarian argument for right to privacy.
C) how autonomy can be limited by awareness that others are watching.
D) None of the above

Question 21

What is an advantage of treating privacy as a value instead of a right?

A) Values are easily violated for utility.
B) Deontologists don't care about values, only rights.
C) Values can be weighed against other values like justice and freedom.
D) None of the above

Question 22

What is the obstacle to grounding rights to privacy in a Lockean conception of rights?

A) Explaining the utility of privacy
B) Showing the contradiction in conception
C) Grounding in self-ownership
D) All of the above

Question 23

The right to free speech in America could be used to justify

A) deciding cases of privacy on utility.
B) allowing Google to leave search results as they are.
C) cooperating with Chinese government.
D) None of the above

Question 24

What is an objection to attempting to ground the right to privacy in empirical facts?

A) This does not ground as many rights as a Lockean system.
B) This would lead to different rights to privacy in different neighborhoods.
C) We understand rights before ever looking at data.
D) All of the above

Question 25

How might traffic cameras be adjusted by engineers to better protect privacy while effectively enforcing the law?

A) Place cameras only at the busiest intersections.
B) Only operate cameras during the daytime.
C) Take photos of the license plate in back of the car.
D) All of the above