Deck 8: Correctness

Question 1

____ means free from error.

A) Complete
B) Concise
C) Clear
D) Correct

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following are guidelines for developing correct communications? Select all that apply.

A) Learn about and target your audience.
B) Present only information that is true.
C) Maintain an assertive communication style.
D) Present information in proper form.

Answer 2

B,D

Question 3

____ refers to an accurate reflection of reality.

A) Cognition
B) Truth
C) Justification
D) Knowledge

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Incorrect information can create the impression that we are unethical and/or ignorant, which is inconsistent with fostering trust and projecting credibility.

Question 5

Which of the following is not a rule for developing truthful communications?

A) Know the truth.
B) Ask no questions so you hear no lies.
C) Tell the truth.
D) Avoid untruths and half-truths.

Question 6

____ is a justified true belief.

A) Reality
B) Cognition
C) Consciousness
D) Knowledge

Question 7

Other than with common knowledge, we need to be cautious about assuming we know the truth.

Question 8

To be correct, we must be truthful.

Question 9

Part of truth-telling is using language in such a way as to distinguish between fact/truth and possibility/conjecture.

Question 10

Where a(n) ____ is a statement you know or believe to be false, a(n) ____ is a statement you know or believe to be only partially true-a combination of truth and falsehood.

A) half-truth, untruth
B) exaggeration, improvisation
C) untruth, half-truth
D) improvisation, exaggeration

Question 11

There are many situations wherein it is appropriate to tell untruths and half-truths.

Question 12

Half-truths are probably more common than deliberate untruths in academic writing.

Question 13

____ means conforming to accepted standards.

A) Subservient
B) Proper
C) Positive
D) Salient

Question 14

Which of the following are strategies for presenting information properly? Select all that apply.

A) Use proper grammar, spelling, and punctuation.
B) Learn the rules.
C) Be consistent.
D) Remain objective and neutral.

Question 15

Accepted standards for writing are universal. For example, there is only way correct way to spell each word.

Question 16

A(n) ____ has a subject and verb and expresses one complete thought.

A) sentence fragment
B) run-on sentence
C) key term
D) complete sentence

Question 17

A(n) ____ lacks a subject and/or a verb, and therefore does not express a complete thought.

A) sentence fragment
B) run-on sentence
C) key term
D) complete sentence

Question 18

A(n) ____ expresses more than one complete thought.

A) sentence fragment
B) run-on sentence
C) key term
D) complete sentence

Question 19

What is the flaw with the following underlined passage? According to the eyewitnesses, the assailant struck the victim on the back of the head with a baseball bat, at which point the victim fell to the ground. Which is how the police found him.

A) lack of subject-verb agreement
B) run-on sentence
C) sentence fragment
D) lack of parallel construction

Question 20

Like many other writing styles, technical writing allows for sentence fragments.

Question 21

A subject and verb must agree in number.

Question 22

Which of the following sets of subjects and verbs agrees in number?

A) Those police agencies very infrequently works with interns.
B) The police agency have six exits.
C) Police agencies in cities have more exits than police agencies in towns and villages.
D) The number of exits reflect the size of the building.

Question 23

The pronoun and noun it replaces must agree in number and gender.

Question 24

Collective nouns (e.g., gang) referring to a unified group (e.g., a gang's initiation process) should be treated as plural.

Question 25

A vague pronoun reference is a situation wherein there is more than one noun to which a pronoun could refer.

Question 26

Improper tense and inconsistent tenses can be unclear, confusing, and incorrect.

Question 27

Adjectives and adverbs should be placed as close as possible to the word they modify.

Question 28

Which verb tense is appropriate for describing conditions that will occur over a period of time in the future, such as how someone might be playing a tennis match next week.

A) future progressive
B) future
C) future perfect
D) future perfect progressive

Question 29

Which verb tense is appropriate for describing conditions that occurred at a discrete (particular) time in the past, such as what time the opponent arrived at the tennis court?

A) past
B) past perfect
C) past progressive
D) past perfect progressive

Question 30

Which verb tense is appropriate for describing conditions that occurred prior to other past conditions, such as noting that the tennis player had eaten a large breakfast before he arrived at the tennis court.

A) past
B) past perfect
C) past progressive
D) past perfect progressive

Question 31

Which verb tense is appropriate for describing conditions that began in the past and ended in the present, such as how the tennis player has been bragging all morning.

A) present
B) past
C) past perfect progressive
D) present perfect progressive

Question 32

To prevent monotony, similar ideas should be presented in different forms.

Question 33

Parallel construction is irrelevant to PowerPoint and other presentation visual aids.

Question 34

Which of the following lists is presented in parallel form?

A) Ann walked her dog, did her homework, and called her parents.
B) Ann walked her dog, she completed her homework, and she will call her parents.
C) Ann walks the dog, completed her homework, and calls her parents.
D) Ann dog walks, will complete her homework, and calls parents.

Question 35

Which of the following is not a rule for when to capitalize?

A) names of theories, hypotheses, and laws
B) proper nouns
C) words at the start of a complete sentence
D) major words in titles and headings

Question 36

Spellcheck is a reliable way to prevent just about any spelling errors.

Question 37

Which of the following exhibits proper word choice involving commonly confused and misused terms?

A) There are nine principals of effective criminal justice communication.
B) Listening to that 3-hour lecture was torturous.
C) That newspaper article is slander!
D) Irregardless of income, defendants have the right to an attorney.

Question 38

Which of the following exhibits proper word choice involving commonly confused and misused terms? Select all that apply.

A) The amount of water will effect the size of the plant.
B) The size of the plant is effected by the amount of water.
C) The amount of water affects the size of the plant.
D) The size of the plant is the effect of the amount of water.

Question 39

Which of the following exhibits proper word choice involving commonly confused and misused terms?

A) I am so excited, I am literally on cloud nine.
B) From reading the report, I implied that there was no eyewitness.
C) The report inferred that there was no eyewitness.
D) There are fewer officers on duty in the afternoon than in the evening.

Question 40

Which of the following contains the proper word among same- or similar-sounding words? Select all that apply.

A) I asked the witness to read the note allowed.
B) I allowed the witness to read the note.
C) The witness was asked to read the note aloud.
D) The judge aloud the witness to read the note.

Question 41

Which of the following contains the proper word among same- or similar-sounding words? Select all that apply.

A) The husband gave his wife a sweet compliment.
B) The husband's outfit complimented his wife's outfit.
C) The wife graciously complemented her husband's outfit.
D) The wife's personality is a good complement to the husband's personality.

Question 42

Which of the following contains the proper word among same- or similar-sounding words? Select all that apply.

A) After being made to wash all the floors, the boy had learned his lessen.
B) Having a friend in jail can lesson the pain of incarceration.
C) Wearing gloves will lessen the damage to hands when you wash dishes.
D) I want to take lessons in piano.

Question 43

Which of the following contains the proper word among same- or similar-sounding words? Select all that apply.

A) The evil man preys on the vulnerable people.
B) The religious man preys for the Lord to help vulnerable people.
C) The employer gave praise for all the volunteer workers.
D) The boy prays for a new toy.

Question 44

We should use "that" in ____ clauses (which add information but are not essential to the sentence) and "which" in ____ clauses (which are essential parts of the sentence, the removal of which would alter the sentence's meaning).

A) defining, nondefining
B) nondefining, defining
C) subject, predicate
D) predicate, subject

Question 45

Use a comma to set off defining clauses but not nondefining clauses.

Question 46

Words that sound the same but have different spellings (and meanings) are called ____.

A) synonyms
B) antonyms
C) variants
D) homophones

Question 47

Only students need to worry about how to spell words properly.

Question 48

In which of the following situations should a hyphen be used with compound adjectives? Select all that apply.

A) With a compound adjective preceding the noun being modified
B) With a compound adjective following the noun being modified
C) With compound adjectives where the first word is in comparative or superlative form
D) With compound adjectives where the first part is a number

Question 49

A(n) ____ is a medium-length hyphen, which can be used to join two words of equal weight, such as "male-female" relationship.

A) em dash
B) en dash
C) apostrophe
D) slash

Question 50

Which of the following statements illustrates proper use of its versus it is?

A) The car was red. It's paint job was old.
B) The car was red. Its paint job was old.
C) The car was red. Its' paint job was old.
D) The car was red. Its's pain job was old.

Question 51

To make a plural noun already ending in an "s" possessive, add an apostrophe and an "s".

Question 52

A(n) ____ is an abbreviation made by taking the first letter of each major word in a term/phrase, and then pronouncing the abbreviation as a word (e.g., PIN).

A) shortening
B) contraction
C) initialism
D) acronym

Question 53

Which of the following is not a rule for proper use of abbreviations?

A) Introduce an abbreviation when you first mention the term that will be abbreviated.
B) Use the abbreviation consistently once it has been introduced.
C) Introduce an abbreviation whenever one exists for each term in the communication.
D) Only use Latin abbreviations within parentheses.

Question 54

Which of the following is not a terminal point?

A) comma
B) period
C) question mark
D) exclamation point

Question 55

If the last part of a sentence (for which a period is the appropriate terminal point) is an abbreviation ending in a period, then we do not add a second period.

Question 56

In technical writing, the exclamation point is the most frequently used terminal point.

Question 57

Which of the following is not a pausing point?

A) comma
B) semicolon and colon
C) em dash
D) hyphen

Question 58

No pausing point should be over- or under-used.

Question 59

Which of the following shows an inappropriate use (or lack of use) of a comma?

A) Last night, he called his mother.
B) The man called his mother, and then his mother called her brother.
C) The man, his mother and her brother arrived at the location.
D) The incident occurred on April 30, 2018, which was a Saturday.

Question 60

Which of the following shows an inappropriate use (or lack of use) of a semi-colon? Select all that apply.

A) Tim's favorite foods are pizza, cheeseburgers, and hotdogs; Jim's favorite foods are Caesar salad, grilled salmon, and coconut shrimp; and Kim's favorite foods are ice cream, cookies, and pies.
B) Pam loves Italian food; she eats it all the time.
C) Elise prefers sweet and sour chicken; pork fried rice; and beef and broccoli.
D) I would eat fajitas every day if I could, they are my favorite food.

Question 61

Which of the following shows inappropriate use of punctuation surrounding quotation marks? Select all that apply.

A) The researchers concluded that "there are many reasons to believe that the public has a distorted understanding of the crime problem, the typical criminal, and the punishment process (Allen & Lee, 2018, p. 325)."
B) The researchers concluded that "there are many reasons to believe that the public has a distorted understanding of the crime problem, the typical criminal, and the punishment process (Allen & Lee, 2018, p. 325)".
C) The researchers concluded that "there are many reasons to believe that the public has a distorted understanding of the crime problem, the typical criminal, and the punishment process" (Allen & Lee, 2018, p. 325).
D) The researchers concluded that there are many reasons to believe that the public has a distorted understanding of the crime problem, the typical criminal, and the punishment process" (Allen & Lee, 2018, p. 325).

Question 62

According to the American Psychological Association (APA), there should be two spaces after a period between sentences.

Question 63

Consistency is a necessary and sufficient condition for correctness.

Question 64

If you cannot locate a rule for a particular writing situation, then you should create a logical rule for yourself to follow (drawing from the most appropriate existing rule) and then follow your rule consistently each time you encounter that same situation.

Question 65

A(n) ____ is a critical analysis and assessment of a communication.

A) examination
B) inquiry
C) research
D) critique

Question 66

The goal of a critique is to identify all the flaws in the communication.

Question 67

When constructing a critique, one of the worst mistakes we can make would be to portray inaccurately that which we are critiquing.

Question 68

Which of the following statements are true regarding the contents and structure of critiques? Select all that apply.

A) The focus of the beginning and middle is the communication being analyzed, while the focus of the end is the evaluation.
B) The paper should start with the purpose and process for the critique.
C) The result of your evaluation should be presented and defended in the middle.
D) The focus of the middle should be the communication being critiqued.

Question 69

Which of the following is not one of the criteria for guiding a critique evaluation listed in Chapter 8?

A) Is the purpose clearly stated in the introduction?
B) Did the author achieve his/her stated purpose?
C) Is the author's purpose interesting and/or important?
D) Are the author's conclusions grounded in evidence?

Question 70

Which of the following is not a best practice for developing a compelling critique?

A) Use concrete examples to substantiate your statements.
B) Spend most of your time providing a thorough overview of the communication.
C) Arrive at a conclusion that logically reflects the entire work.
D) Keep it professional.

Question 71

A(n) ____ is an official documentation of an arrest that is written by a police officer.

A) crime report
B) information
C) arrest report
D) indictment

Question 72

The general idea of an arrest report is for the arresting officer to capture his/her gut reactions, emotions, and feelings during the arrest.

Question 73

The narrative section of an arrest report should present evidence and factual information.

Question 74

Information should be presented in chronological order in an arrest report.

Question 75

Present tense should be used consistently throughout an arrest report.

Question 76

Present and interpret facts in arrest reports, including what you perceived and thought during the arrest event.

Question 77

Which of the following is not a best practice for constructing a compelling arrest report?

A) Put the subject at the beginning of each sentence.
B) Use the passive voice.
C) Be specific and descriptive.
D) Identify the source of information.