Deck 13: Sexuality Across the Life Span

Question 1

During the 19th century, a belief developed in Western culture that children needed to be kept in a state of sexual

A) suggestion.
B) arousal.
C) tolerance.
D) innocence.
E) encouragement.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

In the United States, 1 in 5 parents witness their child masturbating before _______ of age.

A) 1 year
B) 2 years
C) 4 years
D) 6 years
E) 8 years

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Children who play "doctor" are more likely than other children to

A) have sexual adjustment difficulties later in life.
B) have psychological problems later in life.
C) become sexually active before puberty.
D) become addicted to drugs or alcohol later in life.
E) None of the above; they are no more likely to have any of these problems.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Approximately _______% of adolescents recall being the perpetrators of coercive sexual acts.

A) 8
B) 13
C) 23
D) 38
E) 43

Question 5

Approximately _______% of women and _______% of men report at least one childhood sexual experience involving physical contact with an adult.

A) 10; 8
B) 15; 7
C) 18, 12
D) 20; 10
E) 22; 13

Question 6

Which of the following children would be most at risk for developing PTSD?

A) A girl caught kissing another girl
B) A girl caught kissing a boy
C) A boy who plays "doctor" with another boy
D) A girl repeatedly fondled by her uncle
E) A girl who routinely bathes with her sister

Question 7

A girl is most at risk for sexual abuse from

A) her father.
B) her stepfather.
C) her older brother.
D) a friend of her parents.
E) a teacher.

Question 8

A boy tells is doctor that a person has initiated sexual contact with him once. Statistically, the most likely perpetrator would be his

A) mother.
B) father.
C) grandmother.
D) grandfather.
E) teenaged female babysitter.

Question 9

Children who are sexually abused by adults are at risk for developing

A) a homosexual orientation.
B) post-traumatic stress disorder.
C) autism.
D) Asperger syndrome.
E) an asexual orientation.

Question 10

Adults have very _______ memories of their childhood sexuality.

A) limited
B) accurate
C) traumatic
D) expressive
E) vivid

Question 11

Preadolescence ranges in age from _______ to _______ years.

A) 4; 9
B) 5; 10
C) 7; 10
D) 8; 12
E) 9; 14

Question 12

In the United States, approximately _______% of children experience coitus by the age of 13 years.

A) 1
B) 2.5
C) 5
D) 7
E) 12

Question 13

Adolescence corresponds to the biological events of puberty, such as _______ for girls and first _______ for boys.

A) menarche; erection
B) menopause; ejaculation
C) menarche; ejaculation
D) climacteric; erection
E) climacteric; ejaculation

Question 14

Of the following groups, sexual activity tends to start earliest among children who are

A) religious.
B) white.
C) Asian-American
D) highly educated.
E) from less-affluent groups.

Question 15

Which of the following groups of people are least likely to engage in coitus by 15?

A) African-American boys
B) Highly educated adolescents
C) Non-religious adolescents
D) Less affluent boys
E) Less affluent girls

Question 16

Television tends to encourage early entry into sexual activity by _______ among young people.

A) glamorizing sexual relations
B) showing all aspects of sexual relations
C) showing negative outcomes of sexual relations
D) being honest about sexual relationships
E) showing abusive outcomes of sexual relations

Question 17

Between 1991 and 2007, the proportion of sexually active high school students dropped from 37.5% to _______%.

A) 20
B) 24
C) 30
D) 34
E) 36

Question 18

Which of the following has not been a factor in the increased sexual behavior of adolescent girls since the 1940s?

A) Exposure to feminism
B) Availability of legal abortion
C) Availability of contraceptives
D) Increased entrance to college
E) Increased religiosity

Question 19

Which of the following sexual behaviors is practiced least often by adolescents?

A) Cunnilingus
B) Fellatio
C) Anal sex
D) Masturbation
E) Deep kissing

Question 20

_______ is common among teens because it is a way to reach orgasm without the risk of pregnancy.

A) Coitus
B) Fellatio
C) Serial monogamy
D) Climacteric
E) Menarche

Question 21

By the age of 17 years, over half of all U.S. teens have tried

A) tribadism.
B) rimming.
C) oral contraceptives.
D) oral sex.
E) coitus.

Question 22

Studies of ethnic differences in teen sexual behavior reveal that _______ teens are most likely to have engaged in coitus.

A) white
B) Pacific Islander
C) Hispanic
D) Asian-American
E) African-American

Question 23

In the United States, engaging in coitus during adolescence is least common among

A) whites.
B) Pacific Islanders.
C) Hispanics.
D) Asian-Americans.
E) African-Americans.

Question 24

A series of exclusive sexual relationships is referred to as

A) cohabitation.
B) serial monogamy.
C) covenant marriage.
D) companionate marriage.
E) compassionate marriage.

Question 25

Since 1990, teen birth rates have been _______ in all ethnic groups in the United States.

A) increasing
B) decreasing
C) matching abortion rates
D) identical
E) unchanged

Question 26

The developed country with the highest rate of teen births is

A) Norway.
B) Italy.
C) the United States.
D) Portugal.
E) Canada.

Question 27

According to current evidence, the best way to reduce teen pregnancy rates is to promote

A) contraceptive use.
B) abortion.
C) abstinence.
D) oral sex.
E) anal sex.

Question 28

About _______% of cohabitating couples have children.

A) 10
B) 20
C) 30
D) 40
E) 50

Question 29

John wants his long-time girlfriend, Sue, to move in with him. What information about Sue would lead one to predict that she would be unwilling to do so before marriage?

A) Sue's parents have been married for 30 years.
B) Sue is young.
C) Sue is from New York City.
D) Sue is not religious.
E) Sue lost her virginity at age 15.

Question 30

Which of the following factors decreases the likelihood that a person will be willing to cohabit?

A) Being Canadian
B) Having had a first sexual experience before age 18
C) Having parents who are separated or divorced
D) Being a city dweller
E) Having had a first sexual experience after age 18

Question 31

For some couples, cohabitation is an alternative to

A) divorce.
B) dating.
C) sex.
D) romance.
E) parenthood.

Question 32

The Shi'ite branch of Islam condones temporary marriages called

A) polygyny.
B) sabah.
C) covenant marriage.
D) mut'a.
E) companionate marriage.

Question 33

Approximately _______% of cohabitations last more than 5 years.

A) 10
B) 20
C) 30
D) 40
E) 50

Question 34

Mormon polygamy is called

A) plural marriage.
B) open marriage.
C) polyandry.
D) polyfidelity.
E) mut'a.

Question 35

Couples who openly engage in casual sexual relationships with others are called

A) sex workers.
B) eunuchs.
C) swingers.
D) polygamists.
E) concubines.

Question 36

_______ marriages are less easily dissolved than conventional marriages.

A) Companionate
B) Compassionate
C) Covenant
D) Mut'a
E) Plural

Question 37

_______ women are much more likely to be single mothers than are women of other ethnic backgrounds.

A) White
B) African-American
C) Asian-American
D) Pacific Islander
E) Hispanic

Question 38

The idea that we find our sex partners less attractive because we are exposed to many images of models and movie stars is known as the _______ effect.

A) media
B) contrast
C) covenant
D) companionate
E) compassionate

Question 39

Which of the following men would be most likely to find his girlfriend less attractive?

A) A man who watches television news shows
B) A man who watches professional football on television
C) A man who watches professional golf on television
D) A man who watches America's Next Top Model
E) A man who watches the Tour de France on television

Question 40

As a marriage counselor, you notice that women complain when sex occurs less than once a week for them. What group of clients should you target to help with this potential problem?

A) Women younger than 30 years of age
B) Men younger than 30 years of age
C) Women younger than 40 years of age
D) Men younger than 40 years of age
E) Women 60 years and older

Question 41

Which of the following women is statistically the most likely to get divorced?

A) An Asian-American woman in the first 2 years of her marriage
B) An Asian-American woman in the first 10 years of her marriage
C) An African-American woman in the first 10 years of her marriage
D) A Hispanic woman in the first 2 years of her marriage
E) A Hispanic woman in the first 10 years of her marriage

Question 42

Which of the following women is least likely to get divorced?

A) An Asian-American woman in the first 2 years of her marriage
B) An Asian-American woman in the first 10 years of her marriage
C) An African-American woman in the first 10 years of her marriage
D) A Hispanic woman in the first 2 years of her marriage
E) A Hispanic woman in the first 10 years of her marriage

Question 43

Of all first marriages, 1 in 5 ends within _______ year(s).

A) 1
B) 2
C) 5
D) 7
E) 9

Question 44

Of all first marriages, 1 in _______ ends within 10 years.

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 45

By 10 years of marriage, 1 in _______ African-American couples break up.

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
E) 10

Question 46

By 10 years of marriage, 1 in _______ Asian-American couples break up.

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
E) 10

Question 47

There are approximately _______ divorces in the United States annually.

A) 100,000
B) 500,000
C) 1 million
D) 3 million
E) 5 million

Question 48

Menopause occurs at an average age of _______ years in U.S. women.

A) 49
B) 51
C) 53
D) 55
E) 57

Question 49

Which of the following women would not be considered perimenopausal?

A) A 51-year-old woman who has not had a period for 6 months
B) A 51-year-old woman who has not had a period for 9 months
C) A 51-year-old woman who has had irregular periods for 12 months
D) A 51-year-old woman who has had irregular periods for 9 months
E) A 51-year-old woman who has not had a period for 2 years

Question 50

Which of the following women is likely to have the latest menopause?

A) A woman who has had no pregnancies
B) A woman who has short menstrual cycles
C) A woman who used oral contraceptives for 15 years
D) A woman who had 1 pregnancy
E) A woman who never used oral contraceptives

Question 51

Which of the following is not part of the evidence that menopause results from a depletion of oocytes?

A) The secretion of pituitary gonadotropins increases at menopause.
B) Women who never took the pill tend to have an earlier menopause.
C) Women who had an early menarche tend to have an earlier menopause.
D) Women who had a late menarche tend to have a later menopause.
E) The secretion of LH and FSH decreases at menopause.

Question 52

For both older men and women, administration of _______ is associated with increased rates of cancer.

A) LH
B) FSH
C) sex hormones
D) lipids
E) isoflavones

Question 53

By the age of _______ years, about half of all men may require a drug such as Viagra to achieve or maintain an erection.

A) 35
B) 45
C) 55
D) 65
E) 75

Question 54

Prevalent Western notions about protecting children from any exposure to sexual behavior or information were established during the _______ century.

A) nineteenth
B) seventeenth
C) sixteenth
D) thirteenth
E) twentieth

Question 55

When talking to children about sex, parents should do all of the following except

A) talk when the child is quite young and talk often.
B) have one big sex talk and get all the information out.
C) acknowledge sexual diversity.
D) give practical advice.
E) share their sexual values with the child.

Question 56

Boys more often than girls engage in all of the following sexual behaviors except

A) showing their genitals.
B) talking about sex.
C) looking at pornographic pictures.
D) inserting objects into the other child's vagina or rectum.
E) kissing and hugging.

Question 57

In about _______% of cases of adults making sexual contact with children, the adult is a stranger.

A) 4-7
B) 12-15
C) 20-33
D) 40-55
E) 60-75

Question 58

The adult most often involved in adult-child sexual contact is a

A) parent.
B) stepparent.
C) family friend.
D) stranger.
E) teacher.

Question 59

Children who are victims of sexual abuse are at risk for developing _______ disorder, one aspect of which is the phenomenon of _______.

A) post-traumatic stress; association
B) post-traumatic stress; dissociation
C) anti-social personality; association
D) anti-social personality; dissociation
E) learned helplessness; depression

Question 60

A recent study of the effects of training young children to distinguish "good" and "bad" touch revealed that, in adulthood, women who had undergone the training

A) had more sexual phobias.
B) were more likely to be lesbian.
C) were equally well adjusted compared with others.
D) had more than the usual number of general anxieties.
E) had satisfying sex lives.

Question 61

Loftus's work suggests that false memories are most easily inculcated when the source of the information is _______ and the subject is interviewed _______.

A) vague; once
B) vague; repeatedly
C) authoritative; once
D) authoritative; repeatedly
E) imaginary; once

Question 62

During preadolescence, youths tend to spend their time in _______ groups, and sexual behavior in these groups _______ related to subsequent sexual orientation.

A) older age; is
B) same-sex; is
C) opposite sex; is not
D) same-sex; is not
E) opposite sex; is

Question 63

The end of the period of adolescence is

A) somewhat arbitrary.
B) age 16.
C) the onset of sexual behavior.
D) the end of high school.
E) age 21.

Question 64

The level of _______ is a predictor of when a teenager will begin to engage in partnered sex.

A) testosterone
B) estrogen in girls and testosterone in boys
C) progesterone in girls and testosterone in boys
D) estrogen
E) cortisol

Question 65

Coming-of-age ceremonies serve the purpose of

A) demonstrating paternity.
B) challenging manhood.
C) preserving virginity.
D) celebrating puberty.
E) All of the above

Question 66

Sexual behavior commences later in children of _______ education level or _______ economic status.

A) higher; lower
B) lower; higher
C) lower; lower
D) average; higher
E) higher; higher

Question 67

Which of the following is not identified as one of the factors that have contributed to increased rates of adolescent sexuality in the last 50 years?

A) Increased comprehensive sexual health education in schools
B) Availability of contraceptives
C) Legalized abortion
D) Feminism
E) Improved treatments for some sexually transmitted diseases

Question 68

Between 1991 and 2008, the proportion of sexually active 9th- through 12th-graders _______ by approximately _______%.

A) decreased; 17
B) decreased; 3
C) increased; 7
D) increased; 15
E) increased; 6

Question 69

Which statement is most consistent with the stereotype that Asian-Americans are "model minorities"?

A) Individuals in this group tend not to discuss sexual matters.
B) Health care providers have little information about individuals in this group.
C) Family privacy makes this group difficult to study.
D) Shyness limits much sexual expression.
E) Asian-American students are much less likely to have ever had sex.

Question 70

The percentage of high-school students reporting four or more sex partners has _______ in the last two decades.

A) increased by around 5%
B) decreased by around 5%
C) increased by around 15%
D) decreased by around 15%
E) remained the same

Question 71

Which of the following is not associated with teenage pregnancy?

A) Decreased risk of breast cancer later in life
B) Increased likelihood the infant will have later health problems
C) Decreased likelihood the infant will be breast-fed
D) High divorce rate, if the teenage parents actually get married
E) Increased risk of endometrial cancer later in life

Question 72

The average American male can expect a period of _______ years between puberty and marriage, while the average American female can expect that period to be _______ years.

A) 10; 12
B) 15; 20
C) 13; 15
D) 15; 13
E) 12; 10

Question 73

Which of the following factors has not been shown to influence the choice of cohabitation or marriage as a first live-in relationship?

A) Younger age
B) Religious belief
C) City vs. rural residence
D) People whose parents were separated while they were children
E) Income level

Question 74

Based on research findings, which is the main reason today why marriages preceded by cohabitation are shorter?

A) Cohabiting couples are less traditional and so are more willing to divorce.
B) Live-in relationships are time limited, and time spent cohabiting leaves less time for marriage.
C) The experience of premarital cohabitation destabilizes marriages.
D) Both a and b
E) All of the above

Question 75

In societies that have permitted polygyny,

A) most men have multiple wives.
B) most women have multiple husbands.
C) a minority of men have multiple wives.
D) a minority of women have multiple husbands.
E) both men and women may have multiple spouses.

Question 76

Polyandry

A) is when one man takes several wives.
B) occurs when there are not enough available young men.
C) is common.
D) is when one woman takes more than one husband.
E) is the type of marriage that involves concubines.

Question 77

Which of the following is not true of polyamory?

A) It describes open nonmonogamous relationships.
B) It includes swingers and mate swappers.
C) It usually involves only heterosexual contact.
D) It includes polyfidelity.
E) Negative and positive emotions are sometimes present.

Question 78

Marriage in which the spouses are both emotionally intimate and socially active together is termed a _______ marriage.

A) co-nuptial
B) companionate
C) socio-matrimonial
D) covenant
E) None of the above

Question 79

Most women's physical satisfaction with sex is far greater

A) in casual encounters.
B) during dating.
C) during masturbation.
D) in long-term relationships.
E) early in second marriages.

Question 80

Which of the following is identified in the textbook as a cause of the decline in the frequency of sex during marriage?

A) Habituation
B) Childbirth
C) Aging
D) Reduced attractiveness
E) All of the above