Deck 10: Sexual Relationships

Question 1

For some people, the only moral justification for sex is

A) the need for security.
B) the pursuit of social status.
C) the need to conform to social expectations.
D) procreation.
E) the desire for social acceptance.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

People tend to judge the morality of heterosexual behavior according to the _______ within which it occurs.

A) context
B) menstrual phase
C) phase of the moon
D) legal jurisdiction
E) region of the United States

Answer 2

A

Question 3

People who believe that the primary purpose of sex is pleasure have what is called a _______ perspective regarding sex.

A) traditional
B) relational
C) recreational
D) Christian
E) Unitarian

Answer 3

C

Question 4

People who believe that sex has a major purpose in cementing relationships tend to approve of sex between committed, unmarried persons but disapprove of _______ or _______ sex.

A) extramarital; casual
B) extramarital; procreational
C) casual; gay
D) oral; anal
E) anal; casual

Question 5

People living in the northeastern United States or on the _______ are less likely than other Americans to have a traditional perspective of sexual behavior.

A) Canadian border
B) West Coast
C) Mexican border
D) Gulf Coast
E) Alaskan Coast

Question 6

Person A is far more likely than Person B to consider a "one-night stand" morally acceptable. Person A is probably

A) female.
B) male.
C) pro-life.
D) older.
E) uneducated.

Question 7

African-Americans tend to be less approving of _______ than whites.

A) premarital sex
B) extramarital sex
C) homosexuality
D) recreational sex
E) traditional sex

Question 8

Conservative Protestants (e.g., Baptists) tend to have a(n) _______ perspective on sexual behavior.

A) orthodox
B) traditional
C) recreational
D) relational
E) situational

Question 9

People without a religious affiliation tend to have a(n) _______ perspective on sexual behavior.

A) orthodox
B) traditional
C) recreational
D) relational
E) religious

Question 10

Catholics and mainstream Protestants tend to have a(n) _______ perspective on sexual behavior.

A) orthodox
B) traditional
C) recreational
D) relational
E) religious

Question 11

People who believe that the purpose of sex is _______ tend to have the least judgmental opinions about hookups.

A) procreative
B) relational
C) recreational
D) traditional
E) materialistic

Question 12

Evolutionary biology predicts that women will take a more _______ view of sexuality.

A) traditional
B) recreational
C) jealous
D) open
E) casual

Question 13

A man with a recreational view of sex is least likely, among the following descriptions, to be

A) a college graduate.
B) young.
C) a New Yorker.
D) Caucasian.
E) Baptist.

Question 14

A woman with a traditional view of sex is least likely, among the following descriptions, to be

A) older.
B) college educated.
C) from the mid-west.
D) Hispanic.
E) Baptist.

Question 15

A man who has had six sex partners in the last 18 months is least likely, among the following descriptions, to be

A) gay.
B) young.
C) from the West Coast.
D) Baptist.
E) a college graduate.

Question 16

About _______% of Americans think that gay sex is always wrong and _______% think that extramarital sex is always wrong.

A) 80; 50
B) 10; 80
C) 80; 10
D) 50; 10
E) 50; 80

Question 17

In a study performed by Clark and Hatfield (1989, 2003), _______% of college men agreed to a casual sex encounter with an attractive female stranger who approached them.

A) 10
B) 25
C) 50
D) 75
E) 100

Question 18

If a young woman were infatuated with a man in her class whom she didn't know, her best chance at getting the man to spend time with her would be to say,

A) "Would you go out with me tonight?"
B) "Would you come over to my place tonight?"
C) "Would you go to bed with me tonight?"
D) "Would you meet my parents?"
E) "Would you study with me?"

Question 19

According to one study (Diamond 2003), over _______% of young women who identify as bisexual or lesbian give up that identity within 5 years.

A) 10
B) 15
C) 20
D) 25
E) 50

Question 20

By and large, men no longer expect their brides or girlfriends to be

A) sexually active.
B) virgins.
C) educated.
D) attractive.
E) pro-choice.

Question 21

Which of the following is not one of the reasons that women today are more willing to engage in casual sex compared to women of earlier generations?

A) Availability of reliable contraception
B) Legalization of abortion
C) Less expectation of damage to one's reputation
D) The belief that peers are participating in casual sex
E) Less fear of disease or violence

Question 22

You are a parent who does not want your daughter to have sex in college. The best school to send her to would be

A) one in the Northeast.
B) one on the West Coast.
C) one with more female than male students.
D) one with more male than female students.
E) a liberal arts college.

Question 23

Casual sex is most prevalent among

A) heterosexual men.
B) heterosexual women.
C) bisexual people.
D) homosexual women.
E) homosexual men.

Question 24

In the NHSLS study, men who identified as homosexual or bisexual reported, on average, about _______ sex partner(s) in the previous 12 months.

A) 1
B) 3
C) 5
D) 10
E) 15

Question 25

In the NHSLS study, men who identified as heterosexual reported, on average, about _______ sex partner(s) in the previous 12 months.

A) 0
B) 2
C) 5
D) 8
E) 10

Question 26

Which of the following women is most likely to engage in casual sex?

A) A woman attends a majority male college
B) A woman who opposes abortion
C) A woman who uses birth control
D) A woman who believes that none of her female friends have had sex
E) A woman who believes that none of her male friends have had sex

Question 27

A person who dates a succession of partners over time is engaging in

A) prolonged adolescence.
B) serial monogamy.
C) repetitive monogamy.
D) commitment avoidance.
E) marriage avoidance.

Question 28

Generally, the script followed on first dates of American college students is

A) man initiates, woman chooses.
B) man flirts, woman rejects.
C) woman initiates, man chooses.
D) woman proposes sex, man rejects.
E) woman flirts, man rejects.

Question 29

Sets of rules and expectations generated by dating couples themselves are called _______ scripts.

A) monogamous
B) cultural
C) procreational
D) religious
E) interpersonal

Question 30

_______, in one form or another, cements many sexual relationships.

A) Sex
B) Foreplay
C) Love
D) Religion
E) Morality

Question 31

Two hormones that appear to be important for experiencing love are _______ and _______.

A) testosterone; DHT
B) estrogen; prolactin
C) oxytocin; vasopressin
D) testosterone; oxytocin
E) estrogen; vasopressin

Question 32

The triangle theory of love was proposed by

A) Freud.
B) Money.
C) Sternberg.
D) Kinsey.
E) Masters and Johnson.

Question 33

Which of the following is a component of the triangle theory of love?

A) Eroticism
B) Jealousy
C) Friendship
D) Companionship
E) Commitment

Question 34

When a person views photos of someone he or she loves, the _______ of the brain is activated.

A) anterior cingulate cortex
B) anterior lobe of the pituitary
C) posterior lobe of the pituitary
D) amygdala
E) hypothalamus

Question 35

When a person views photos of someone he or she loves, the _______ of the brain reveals decreased activation.

A) anterior cingulate cortex
B) anterior lobe of the pituitary
C) posterior lobe of the pituitary
D) prefrontal cortex
E) hypothalamus

Question 36

A brain region that shows decreased activation when a person is viewing a photo of a loved one is the

A) olfactory lobe.
B) amygdala.
C) pons.
D) cerebellum.
E) blood-brain barrier.

Question 37

When a man imagines the face of his boyfriend, with whom he is deeply in love, his brain releases

A) estradiol.
B) dopamine.
C) vasopressin.
D) DHT.
E) gonadotropins.

Question 38

A neurotransmitter believed to be important for experiencing love is

A) serotonin.
B) GABA.
C) glutamate.
D) dopamine.
E) nitric oxide.

Question 39

In the questionnaire studies conducted by Lemieux and Hale testing Sternberg's love triangle theory, on average, women experience more intimacy and _______ than men.

A) commitment
B) jealousy
C) passion
D) unrequited love
E) heartbreak

Question 40

According to the triangle theory of love, _______ love is the kind of love in which all three components are equally present.

A) companionate
B) consummate
C) romantic
D) fatuous
E) affectionate

Question 41

_______ love is the kind of love in which both intimacy and passion are high, but commitment is low.

A) Companionate
B) Consummate
C) Romantic
D) Fatuous
E) Affectionate

Question 42

The story of Cinderella is an example of a(n) _______ love story.

A) addiction
B) war
C) business
D) religion
E) fantasy

Question 43

Which of the following statements about a man who is experiencing "abandonment anger" cannot be true?

A) Despite his anger, he continues to love the person who is his love interest.
B) The more hatred he feels toward the person who rejected him, the less he loves that person.
C) He feels humiliated by his unrequited love.
D) He is able to bounce back from the unrequited love if his self-esteem is high.
E) He struggles to bounce back from the unrequited love if his self-esteem is low.

Question 44

The ultimate in mismatched love triangles is _______ love.

A) lesbian
B) gay
C) unrequited
D) jealous
E) sexual

Question 45

Who among the following would likely suffer the most from romantic rejection?

A) A man or woman with a traditional view of love
B) A person who resembles the person who did the rejecting
C) A person whose flirtation with an attractive stranger is rebuffed
D) A young man whose girlfriend of 3 months announces that she is breaking up with him
E) A woman who develops romantic feelings for a friend that are not reciprocated

Question 46

A person who is cold and distant and has had few intimate relationships most likely had parents who were

A) distant.
B) overbearing.
C) overprotective.
D) loving.
E) inconsistent.

Question 47

Which of the following love relationships would be the most likely to fail, according to the principle of homogamy?

A) A relationship based on fantasy
B) A relationship based on "addiction," or one partner's neurotic fear of losing the other
C) A relationship based on similar religious beliefs
D) The marriage of a couple who run a family business
E) A teacher-student relationship

Question 48

The tendency of partnered or married couples to resemble each other is called

A) homogamy.
B) monogamy.
C) polygamy.
D) polyamory.
E) traditional love.

Question 49

Statistically speaking, which of the following couples would be the least likely to break up?

A) An African-American man and women
B) A poor man and woman
C) Two gay men
D) A married man and woman of the same age and race
E) A cohabitating man and woman of the same age and race

Question 50

Many therapists identify _______ as the number one reason for dissatisfaction in marriage and other long-term relationships.

A) communication problems
B) conflict over finances
C) sexual problems
D) anger management issues
E) jealousy

Question 51

The following is good for marriages except

A) active listening.
B) expressed anger.
C) contempt.
D) communication.
E) constructive criticism.

Question 52

In successful relationships, positive interactions in discussing problems occur _______% of the time.

A) 20
B) 40
C) 60
D) 80
E) 100

Question 53

Sue and Mark are having marital problems because of Sue's uncontrolled gambling. What might help save their marriage?

A) Nothing
B) Psychotherapy
C) Conflict resolution training
D) Focused couples therapy
E) Behavioral couples therapy

Question 54

You are a detective investigating several murder cases. Which of the following was most likely the result of a jealous lover?

A) A young woman killed by a young man
B) An older man killed by a young man
C) An older woman killed by a young man
D) An older woman killed by an older man
E) A young man killed by a young man

Question 55

Jealousy based on persistent false beliefs about a partner is called _______ jealousy.

A) delusional
B) paranoid
C) maladaptive
D) emotional
E) sexual

Question 56

The more difficult a person thinks it would be to replace his or her partner with another of equal value, the more susceptible that person is to

A) unconditional love.
B) jealousy.
C) conflict.
D) anger.
E) traditional perspectives on sexuality.

Question 57

The most common moral perspective on sexuality in the United States is the _______ perspective.

A) recreational
B) traditional
C) conservative
D) relational
E) permissive

Question 58

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Catholics and mainstream Protestants generally have a traditional perspective towards sex.
B) Most conservative Protestants support homosexuality.
C) Many American Catholics disagree with the official Vatican position on sexual issues.
D) Both a and c
E) All of the above

Question 59

In the United States, _______ is broadly disapproved of.

A) premarital sex
B) interracial sex
C) extramarital sex
D) casual sex
E) sexual monogamy

Question 60

Over the past 40 years, the disapproval rating of sex before marriage has _______, and the disapproval rating of teen sex has _______.

A) increased; increased
B) decreased; decreased
C) decreased; increased
D) increased; decreased
E) decreased; remained about the same

Question 61

Compared with other countries, sexual attitudes in the United States are _______, judging from response to the question, "Is it wrong to have a child out of wedlock?"

A) more liberal
B) more conservative
C) in the middle of the spectrum
D) completely different
E) reflective of the politics of the day

Question 62

The results of the Clark and Hatfield studies of attitudes toward casual sex found that

A) dates that have a purely sexual element are more attractive to young women.
B) casual sex is a perennial favorite for college men.
C) young college men and women are motivated to "hook up."
D) alcohol is a social lubricant in dating situations.
E) attraction can interfere with casual sexual encounters.

Question 63

According to one longitudinal study, more than _______% of all young women who identify as lesbian or bisexual give up that identity within five years.

A) 1
B) 5
C) 25
D) 50
E) 75

Question 64

Economic theory suggests that on college campuses where men are in the majority,

A) women will have more sex.
B) men will have more sex.
C) both men and women will be more sexually active than on college campuses dominated by women.
D) there will be more female virgins.
E) first intercourse will occur earlier than the national average.

Question 65

Which of the following reasons have been given to explain why gay men may not engage in casual gay sex?

A) Potential partners are difficult to find.
B) Risk of catching a sexually transmitted infection.
C) Casual gay sex damages the reputation of the larger gay community.
D) Causal sex would endanger a monogamous relationship.
E) All of the above

Question 66

Which of the following statements suggests some form of flirting behavior?

A) "I am a freshman here."
B) "My name is Jason."
C) "We should go out sometime."
D) "I also like that band."
E) "Can I borrow your pencil?"

Question 67

Perhaps the most common pattern of affiliations in dating is

A) parallel polygamy.
B) hooking up.
C) parallel polyandry.
D) simultaneous declamation.
E) serial monogamy.

Question 68

Amanda is discussing her relationship and describes it as a state of limerence. What does this mean?

A) Amanda is in a relatively new relationship and is falling in love.
B) Amanda is about to end her relationship.
C) There is an increasing chance that Amanda's partner will leave her.
D) Amanda is in a loving long-term relationship that has endured many years.
E) Amanda really likes her partner, but is not in love.

Question 69

Research with voles suggests that the peptide hormone _______ may be an important part of the neurobiological basis of pair-bonding in females.

A) prolactin
B) progesterone
C) luteinizing hormone
D) oxytocin
E) estrogen

Question 70

fMRI studies suggest that activation of the _______ is particularly associated with romantic love.

A) right prefrontal cortex and amygdala
B) left insula and amygdala
C) left insula and anterior cingulate cortex
D) right prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex
E) right insula and posterior cingulate cortex

Question 71

According to Sternberg's model of love, companionate love is characterized by a relative decrease in

A) intimacy.
B) passion.
C) commitment.
D) vigor.
E) both passion and intimacy.

Question 72

According to Lemieux and Hale, the best predictor of relationship satisfaction in married couples is

A) the strength of the emotional connectedness.
B) the level of passion.
C) the level of commitment.
D) how similar the couple are to one another.
E) the level of intimacy.

Question 73

In cases of unrequited love,

A) the role of the rejector is largely unscripted.
B) the role of the suitor is largely unscripted.
C) suitors typically experience guilt.
D) rejectors typically suffer damage to their self esteem.
E) suitors violate the social norm of reciprocity.

Question 74

Rejected suitors who are unable to accept their rejection may develop a behavioral pattern called _______ that may lead to _______.

A) obsessive relational intrusion; stalking
B) compulsive relational intrusion; assault
C) obsessional relational intrusion; falling in love
D) compulsive relational intrusion; stalking
E) delusional intrusion; stalking

Question 75

Canadian research has shown that "sissiness" in boys can

A) predict transexuality in adulthood.
B) promote rejection by their fathers.
C) lead to attachment anxiety in adult relationships.
D) Both b and c
E) All of the above

Question 76

Attachment theory states that a child who is anxious and ambivalent due to an insecure attachment with a parent will

A) easily enter intimate adult relationships.
B) strike potential partners as cold.
C) be uncomfortable with adult intimacy.
D) avoid serious adult relationships, opting instead for a series of casual sexual encounters.
E) have an unrealistic fear of being left by their partner in an adult relationship.

Question 77

The tendency of couples to resemble one another on many dimensions is termed

A) homophily.
B) polygamy.
C) homogamy.
D) simpatico.
E) isogamy.

Question 78

The "demand-withdrawal" pattern relates to

A) the sexual negotiating that occurs in mature intimate relationships.
B) a conflict resolution style that typically does not work.
C) the characteristic behavior of the suitor in unrequited love.
D) a and c are correct
E) None of the above

Question 79

Emotionally focused couples therapy

A) teaches couples new communication skills.
B) aims to uncover the emotions that lie behind behavioral traits.
C) involves simple behavioral exercises while focusing on feelings and emotions.
D) applies cognitive principles to the problems faced by the couple.
E) has been very effective in relationships with substance abuse issues.

Question 80

According to the evolutionary perspective, sexual jealousy is an _______ that guards against _______.

A) adaptation; losing a wife
B) evolutionary by-product; losing a child
C) evolutionary by-product; losing respect in the community
D) adaptation; raising genetically unrelated offspring
E) None of the above