Deck 11: Judaism

Question 1

What does the following Key Term mean:
-Diaspora

Answer 1

Jewish communities existing outside the traditional land of Israel.

Question 2

What does the following Key Term mean:
-Gemara

Answer 2

A body of commentary combined with the Mishnah, which together constitute the Talmud.

Question 3

What does the following Key Term mean:
-Mishnah

Answer 3

A collection of commentaries and elucidations on the Torah; the written version of the Oral Law.

Question 4

What does the following Key Term mean:
-rabbis

Question 5

What does the following Key Term mean:
-Septuagint

Question 6

What does the following Key Term mean:
-Talmud

Question 7

What does the following Key Term mean:
-Tanakh

Question 8

What does the following Key Term mean:
-Torah

Question 9

What does the following Key Term mean:
-Yahweh

Question 10

The narrative of the ancient Israelites begins in what scholars call the _________ period, which dawns in about the eighteenth century BCE.

A) ancient
B) biblical
C) classical
D) first

Question 11

Who is not considered one of the patriarchs of Judaism?

A) Jacob
B) Isaac
C) Paul
D) Abraham

Question 12

The Jewish book _________ includes what Christians refer to as the Old Testament.

A) the Tanakh
B) the Talmud
C) the Shofar
D) the Covenant

Question 13

Who made the first covenant with God?

A) Moses
B) Isaac
C) Judah
D) Abraham

Question 14

The Israelites migrated to an area known as _________ , later called Palestine, the land that God had promised to Abraham and his progeny.

A) Mesopotamia
B) Canaan
C) the Valley
D) Egypt

Question 15

The story of _________ has become a reminder to all Jews of God's protection and his special relationship to them.

A) Exodus
B) Genesis
C) Revelation
D) Leviticus

Question 16

In the biblical account, when the Israelites reached Canaan, they had to fight the current inhabitants, ________ and __________, to take the land that God had promised them.

A) the Canaanites, the Philistines
B) the Canaanites, the pagans
C) the Philistines, the Christians
D) the Greek, the Romans

Question 17

Around 1000 BCE, the twelve tribes were united into a kingdom ruled by ________.

A) Isaac
B) David
C) Abraham
D) Solomon

Question 18

For Jews, Solomon's greatest accomplishment was the building of Israel's_________, an opulent structure built on a hill in Jerusalem.

A) Temple Mount
B) Second Temple
C) Stone Temple
D) First Temple

Question 19

In 586 BCE the _________ conquered Judah, resulting in exile for the Israelites.

A) Babylonians
B) Persians
C) Mesopotamians
D) Philistines

Question 20

In ________ a Jewish group known as the Maccabees took Jerusalem back from the Seleucids and purged the Temple of the pagan adornments and rites.

A) 314 BCE
B) 166 CE
C) 166 BCE
D) 314 CE

Question 21

After the destruction of the Second Temple, ________ became the new focus of worship, study, and communal life.

A) synagogues
B) tabernacles
C) temples
D) churches

Question 22

The rift between Jews and Christians grew when in the fourth century the Roman emperor ________ converted to Christianity.

A) Augustine
B) Constantine
C) Ptolemy
D) Pompey

Question 23

In the middle ages, several remarkable Jewish philosophers emerged from the climate of ________ tolerance for Judaism.

A) Roman
B) political
C) Christian
D) Muslim

Question 24

Who wrote The Book of Commandments, a Commentary on the Mishnah, The Guide for the Perplexed, and a code of Jewish law titled the Mishneh Torah?

A) Maimonides
B) an anonymous rabbi
C) Solomon
D) Almohads

Question 25

Which of these is not a branch of Judaism described in the textbook?

A) Orthodox
B) Reform
C) Fundamental
D) Conservative

Question 26

Which of these best applies to Orthodox Judaism?

A) disavowal of divine revelation and traditional religious practice
B) rigorous observance of the laws and customs
C) discarding claims about a returning messiah
D) maintaining equal roles for men and women in religious observance

Question 27

Which of these texts is not in the Jewish canon?

A) the Torah
B) the Exile
C) the Prophets
D) the Writings

Question 28

The Talmud has two voluminous divisions, called ________ and ________.

A) Mishnah, Gemara
B) Tanakh, Mishnah
C) Gemara, Tanakh
D) Torah, Mishnah

Question 29

In the ________ story (Genesis 2:4 to 3:24), God first creates man (Adam) and then vegetation and living creatures in the Garden of Eden. He fashions woman (Eve) from man's rib.

A) second creation
B) first creation
C) original creation
D) orally transmitted

Question 30

The first covenant mentioned in the Tanakh was with whom?

A) Abraham
B) Moses
C) Noah
D) Jesus

Question 31

God declared to Abraham that the sign the covenant made with him will be ________.

A) the 613 commandments
B) the circumcision of all Hebrew males
C) the practice of keeping kosher
D) the cessation of sacrifice

Question 32

Although ultimately ambivalent about the Jews, ________ respected their monotheism, recognizing that Jews were "people of the book."

A) Muhammad
B) Buddha
C) Guru Nanak
D) Jesus

Question 33

Several remarkable Jewish philosophers emerged from the climate of ________ tolerance in Spain.

A) Buddhist
B) Pagan
C) Muslim
D) Christian

Question 34

________ preeminent authority as a rabbinic jurist was established by his Book of Commandments; a Commentary on the Mishnah; and the fourteen-volume code of Jewish law, the Mishneh Torah.

A) Cordova's
B) Abraham's
C) Augustine's
D) Maimonides'

Question 35

The core beliefs of Judaism do not include which of these?

A) God is the Creator of the world.
B) Earth is timeless.
C) God has a unique relationship with the chosen.
D) God is incorporeal,

Question 36

Which of the major movements of Judaism calls for discarding claims about a returning messiah?

A) Reform Judaism
B) Orthodox Judaism
C) Traditional Judaism
D) Conservative Judaism

Question 37

Which of the major movements of Judaism insists on rigorous observance of laws and customs, such as the rules about obeying all the commandments regarding Sabbath obligations?

A) Reform Judaism
B) Orthodox Judaism
C) Traditional Judaism
D) Conservative Judaism

Question 38

Which of the major movements of Judaism examines customs to see if there are historical reasons for altering or getting rid of them?

A) Reform Judaism
B) Orthodox Judaism
C) Traditional Judaism
D) Conservative Judaism

Question 39

Mishnah is a collection of commentaries and elucidations on the ________, the written version of the Oral Law.

A) Torah
B) Talmud
C) Commandments
D) Tanakh

Question 40

With whom did God make the second covenant?

A) Isaac
B) Abraham
C) Moses
D) Noah

Question 41

Where did God deliver the Commandments to Moses?

A) Babylon
B) Mount Sinai
C) Egypt
D) Mount Ararat

Question 42

In which of these books are the laws known as the Holiness Code stated in detail?

A) Genesis
B) Exodus
C) Leviticus
D) Joshua

Question 43

When the Israelites entered Canaan, they carried the Ark of the Covenant across the _________.

A) Jordan
B) Desert
C) Red Sea
D) Indus

Question 44

The First Temple in Jerusalem was destroyed in 586 BCE by the ________.

A) Romans
B) Egyptians
C) Babylonians
D) Greek

Question 45

Which of these phrases is used at the beginning of each of the Thirteen Principles of the Jewish Faith?

A) Dear God . . .
B) I believe in one, true God . . .
C) I believe with perfect faith . . .
D) With faith in God I . . .

Question 46

Who is the author of this passage? "To be a Jew during the Holocaust may have meant not to understand. Having rejected murder as a means of survival and death as a solution, men and women agreed to live and die without understanding."

A) Maimonides
B) Elie Wiesel
C) George Robinson
D) Abraham Joshua Heschel

Question 47

Who proclaimed, "God is in search of man"?

A) Maimonides
B) Elie Wiesel
C) George Robinson
D) Abraham Joshua Heschel

Question 48

Who wrote Essential Judaism: A Complete Guide to Beliefs and Rituals, which delves into what he considers the deeper meaning of the Sabbath?

A) Maimonides
B) Elie Wiesel
C) George Robinson
D) Abraham Joshua Heschel

Question 49

What is the period from Rosh Hashanah to Yom Kippur called?

A) the Ten Days of Repentance
B) the Ten Days of Seder
C) the Ten Days of Remembrance
D) the Ten Days of Hanukah

Question 50

A Passover Seder is a joyous occasion and includes the recitation of which of these?

A) the Commandments
B) the Mishnah
C) the Torah
D) the Haggadah

Question 51

In the parable of the Four Sons, each child represents one of the types of personality to whom we must impart the story of the Exodus. Which of these is not one of those types?

A) the wicked child
B) the lost child
C) the child who is unable to ask
D) the wise child

Question 52

Who is quoted as saying, "To live is to suffer, to survive is to find meaning in suffering"?

A) Viktor Frankl
B) Elie Wiesel
C) Irvin D. Yalom
D) Carolyn Wood Sherif

Question 53

Some scholars argue that the ________ of women is a presupposition of Jewish law in its most central formulations.

A) importance
B) otherness
C) sexuality
D) monogamy

Question 54

Yom Kippur is the day of ________.

A) fasting
B) remembrance
C) exodus
D) atonement

Question 55

Which winner of the Nobel Prize for peace tried to answer the question, "After all the suffering that Jews have endured in history, including the nightmare of the Holocaust, what does it mean to be a Jew?"

A) Viktor Frankl
B) Elie Wiesel
C) Irvin D. Yalom
D) Carolyn Wood Sherif

Question 56

Jewish philosopher Maimonides drafted a set of __________ that he thought constituted the heart of the Jewish faith.

A) thirteen principles
B) four principles
C) thirteen commandments
D) doctrines

Question 57

The Book of Psalms is a compilation of 150 hymns and prayers, 73 of which are attributed to ________.

A) Joshua
B) David
C) Solomon
D) Abraham

Question 58

The understanding in all the covenants with God is that He has chosen the Jewish people to be an example of righteousness to other nations.

Question 59

Judaism is a polytheistic tradition.

Question 60

On Mount Sinai, God gave Abraham the precepts of the Jewish religion, including the Ten Commandments, and Moses delivered them to the Israelites.

Question 61

Isaac slayed the Philistine champion, Goliath the giant.

Question 62

The Babylonian Exile brought home the reality of the Jewish Diaspora, or Jewish communities existing outside the traditional land of Israel.

Question 63

Rebuilding of the Temple occurred in 515 BCE.

Question 64

Jews in the Second Temple period believed the messiah would be a human descendant of king David who would reestablish the Jewish monarchy.

Question 65

In 63 BCE a Persian army, led by a general named Pompey, seized Jerusalem and occupied Palestine.

Question 66

Rabbis are clerical leaders who can explain the scriptures to the people and guide them in devotional practices.

Question 67

Jews and Christians competed for Rome's favor, and blamed each other for their troubles with Roman officials.

Question 68

Judaism's mosamous philosopher, known for his attempts to reconcile religious faith with reason, was Maimonides.

Question 69

Maimonides wrote that to interpret scripture literally is to fall into error.

Question 70

Reform Judaism recommends practicing many traditional customs such as Sabbath services in Hebrew and adherence to kosher laws.

Question 71

There is no such thing as the "Jewish race."

Question 72

To many Jews, the Talmud is more sacred than the Torah.

Question 73

Generally Jews regard the Babylonian Talmud as the more authoritative version.

Question 74

Jewish communities existing outside the traditional land of Israel are referred to as Diaspora.

Question 75

The Septuagint is the Hebrew scriptures translated into Spanish.

Question 76

Within the first three chapters of Genesis in the Torah, two stories of creation are told.

Question 77

After God struck down all the first-born Egyptians, Moses led his people into the desert.

Question 78

The Mosaic Covenant was a pact made with the Egyptian Pharaoh.

Question 79

Contrary to what many non-Jews have believed, there is no such thing as the "Jewish race."

Question 80

The Gemara is a body of commentary combined with the Mishnah, which together constitute the Talmud.