Deck 12: Neurocognitive Disorders

Question 1

The DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for delirium includes any of the following except:

A) Disturbance in mood
B) Disturbance in attention
C) Decline in cognitive abilities
D) Disturbance in awareness

Answer 1

A

Question 2

In the DSM-5, Mild Neurocognitive Disorders:

A) Involve cognitive impairment in areas such complex attention, executive function, language, and motor functioning, but not memory
B) Involve cognitive decline that has not yet impacted the capacity for independence in everyday activities (although some help may be required for complex tasks)
C) Cannot be adequately evaluated through neuropsychological testing, but are associated with distinctive brain scan (e.g., MRI, PET) findings
D) Almost always begin with deficits in visuospatial functioning

Answer 2

B

Question 3

_________________ refers to a disturbance in perception wherein an individual is unable to recognize people or objects.

A) Apraxia
B) Ataxia
C) Alexithymia
D) Agnosia

Answer 3

D

Question 4

_________________ refers to an inability to carry out motor activities with intact sensory and motor functions.

A) Apraxia
B) Ataxia
C) Aphasia
D) Agnosia

Question 5

All of the following are true of the symptoms of a Major Neurocognitive Disorder except:

A) Individuals with a Major Neurocognitive Disorder can experience psychotic symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations.
B) Severe motor abnormalities are typically not seen in the early stages of major neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer's Disease.
C) Memory impairment is a required symptom of a Major Neurocognitive Disorder of any cause.
D) Emotional changes (e.g., agitation, apathy, disinhibition) are common in a Major Neurocognitive Disorder and are among the most distressing symptoms to family members.

Question 6

Which of the following is true about plaques and tangles seen in Alzheimer's Disease?

A) Plaques are insoluble, twisted fibers found inside the brain's cells.
B) Tangles are unique to Alzheimer's Disease and are not seen in other neurological conditions.
C) Plaques are accumulations of the protein substance beta amyloid.
D) Tangles are primarily composed of an abnormal variant of omega protein.
E) Plaques and tangles can be visualized on an MRI scan, which is the primary method by which Neurocognitive Disorder due to Alzheimer's Disease is diagnosed.

Question 7

Neurocognitive Disorder due Vascular Disease:

A) Typically demonstrates a stepwise pattern of deterioration (i.e., functioning plateaus for a period of time and then abruptly declines)
B) Can be reversed if the underlying medical condition(s) causing the neurocognitive disorder is treated
C) Typically demonstrates a slow, steady decline in cognitive functioning
D) Is often treated with second-generation neuroleptic medications as a first-line intervention.

Question 8

All of the following are true about cognitive rehabilitation interventions for neurocognitive disorders except:

A) This type of program, if of sufficient duration and supported by the involvement of caregivers, may be useful for individuals in the early stages of a Major Neurocognitive Disorder.
B) There is a focus on strengthening preserved cognitive abilities, but not on developing compensatory strategies to deal with areas of impairment.
C) Techniques such as errorless learning and spaced retrieval may be used to facilitate client performance on memory tasks.
D) None of the above-i.e., a., b., and c. are all true.

Question 9

All of the following are true about Delirium except:

A) Treatment is primarily carried out by physicians and other medical professionals because it is a medical emergency.
B) Conservatorship and guardianship are important ethical considerations relating to capacity to consent.
C) Delusions, if present in delirium, are typically fleeting and unsystematized.
D) Delirium is less common among terminally ill individuals.

Question 10

Neurocognitive disorders with significant memory impairment are primarily associated with _________________ in _________________, which medications such as donepezil are often used to treat.

A) Decreases; dopamine
B) Increases; dopamine
C) Decreases; acetylcholine
D) Increases; acetylcholine