Deck 8: Life Span Theories, Family Life Course Theories, and Historical Trauma

Question 1

Which of the following statements about life span theories is true?

A) They are often understood to represent "normal" human growth.
B) They take diversity in human development into consideration.
C) They reflect a new paradigm linking social structures and individual behavior.
D) They consider the role of immigration from Europe to the United States.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

According to Erikson, an adolescent aged 12-18 is in which psychosocial stage?

A) generativity vs. stagnation
B) initiative vs. guilt
C) industry vs. inferiority
D) identity vs. role confusion

Answer 2

D

Question 3

According to Erikson, an adult who is in his/her late 40s is in which of the following psychosocial stage?

A) generativity vs. stagnation
B) initiative vs. guilt
C) industry vs. inferiority
D) identity vs. role confusion

Answer 3

A

Question 4

According to Erikson, in which stage do children begin to assume important responsibility for self-care, such as eliminating feces and urine?

A) basic trust vs. mistrust
B) autonomy vs. shame
C) initiative vs. guilt
D) industry vs. inferiority

Question 5

According to Erikson, in which stage do children master locomotion skills and are ready to take initiative in their learning and behavior?

A) basic trust vs. mistrust
B) autonomy vs. shame
C) initiative vs. guilt
D) industry vs. inferiority

Question 6

A student enjoys watering class plants, collecting and distributing materials for teacher, and keeping records of forms for teacher. Which stage is this student in according to Erikson?

A) basic trust vs. mistrust
B) autonomy vs. shame
C) initiative vs. guilt
D) industry vs. inferiority

Question 7

An older adult may find it necessary to reflect and analyze what they have accumulated throughout life and decide what offspring will receive from them upon death. Which stage is this person in according to Erikson?

A) identity vs. role confusion
B) intimacy vs. isolation
C) generativity vs. stagnation
D) integrity vs. despair

Question 8

An adult is concerned about the future of the environment and equality for all people. Which stage is he/she in according to Erikson?

A) identity vs. role confusion
B) intimacy vs. isolation
C) generativity vs. stagnation
D) integrity vs. despair

Question 9

According to life course perspectives, the idea that people born in a specific year are members of a birth cohort with a particular historical experience and range of life opportunities that depend on geographic location is referred to as ______.

A) historical and geographical location
B) social embeddedness
C) agency and personal control
D) timing and mastery

Question 10

______ examines how lives change as intergenerational relationships and social roles change.

A) Historical and geographical location
B) Social embeddedness
C) Agency and personal control
D) Timing and mastery

Question 11

The process by which people plan and make choices to control their lives is referred to as ______.

A) historical and geographical location
B) social embeddedness
C) agency and personal control
D) timing and mastery

Question 12

______ is often described as a stage of development involving individuals' exploration regarding work, love and worldviews.

A) Emerging adulthood
B) Childhood and adolescence
C) Older adulthood
D) Younger adulthood

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true about the concept of emerging adulthood?

A) It provides young adults the opportunity to pursue a prolonged period of independent role exploration
B) It is a prolonged stage of development in which people were given a psychosocial moratorium to freely experiment their roles
C) It does not exist for majority populations who are middle class and above and who live in industrialized cultures.
D) It is a stage of development when adolescents engage in efforts to integrate views of self with how others view them

Question 14

The ______ theory focuses on the process of moving from black self-hatred to an affirmation of a black identity.

A) black identity
B) critical race
C) Nigrescence
D) race salience

Question 15

According to Cross's theory, the ______ stage of identity development describes the importance of race to the development of a Black person's identity

A) pre-encounter
B) encounter
C) immersion-emersion
D) internalization

Question 16

According to Cross's theory, during the ______ stage of identity development, Black people may start questioning their beliefs about race in American society.

A) pre-encounter
B) encounter
C) immersion-emersion
D) internalization

Question 17

According to Cross's theory, which of the following stage is characterized as an emotionally volatile transition from an old racial identity into a new one?

A) pre-encounter
B) encounter
C) immersion-emersion
D) internalization

Question 18

According to Cross's theory, at which stage is a black person likely to develop a Black Nationalist identity?

A) pre-encounter
B) encounter
C) immersion-emersion
D) internalization

Question 19

Which of the following statements about Chenault is true?

A) She systematically explored the development of self-esteem, sense of belonging, and social support and social action.
B) She was aware of the complexities of traditional Lakota cultural and spiritual beliefs and their impact on helping First Nation people.
C) She believed First Nation people's spiritual views can contribute to their open wounds regarding their American Holocaust.
D) She was inspired by psychoanalytic beliefs that childhood experiences impact and can determine adult development.

Question 20

______ can be understood as a sustained series of events enacted by an invading power on another culture, which facilitates and perpetuates the development of a worldview or ideology that supports oppression and unjust social structures.

A) Imperialism
B) Oppression
C) Colonialism
D) Colonization

Question 21

______ is viewed as a condition of powerlessness that cuts across every system within a culture.

A) Imperialism
B) Oppression
C) Colonialism
D) Colonization

Question 22

What is true about imperialism?

A) It serves as the foundation for colonialism.
B) It values the culture of First Nations people.
C) It is a process of oppressing a group, culture or nation.
D) It depicts a condition of powerlessness within a culture.

Question 23

How does life course theory address growth and change?

A) It describes broader societal themes which shape the growth and development of people.
B) It views human growth and development as having predictable, linear stages.
C) It addresses the impact of oppression, discrimination, and genocide.
D) It argues that humans need to experience community-based change and growth.

Question 24

How did life span theory create a more useful social work model for understanding human behavior?

A) It focused solely on the intrapsychic processes among the id, ego, and superego.
B) It understood human behavior as pathology rather than a developmental process.
C) It understood human behavior as a product more of persons than their environments.
D) It fit well with the emerging emphasis in social work on social systems theory.

Question 25

A family is trying to manage the challenges that face families as their children move between independent living and the need to return to their families as they attempt to establish themselves outside the family. What stages of life course is this family in?

A) the family in later life
B) between families
C) families at midlife
D) families with adolescents

Question 26

Life course perspectives are largely silent about the influences of gender, race and ethnicity, historical oppression, and other on identity development

Question 27

According to biracial and monoracial theories, one's racial identity is fixed and stable over time.

Question 28

Chenault contributed to the development of the concepts of historical trauma, unresolved historical grief, and psychoeducational interventions.

Question 29

Indigenous colonization describes the conscious actions and planned strategies that indigenous people engage in to reconnect with and reclaim their knowledge, philosophies and practices

Question 30

Life span and life course theories are limited in their capacity to be applied to groups of marginalized or vulnerable populations.

Question 31

According to Root, how do multiracial individuals address, experience and negotiate their racial identity?

Question 32

Give four examples of Generations of loss for the Lakota people.

Question 33

Describe the four components Brave Heart's psychoeducational intervention to address First Nations grief and loss.

Question 34

Critique how holistic life course perspectives are.

Question 35

Discuss and critique three assumptions underlying life span theory.