Deck 1: Introduction to Motor Development

Question 1

Motor behavior can be defined as which of the following?

A) The study of movement technique
B) The study of both the psychological factors that influence sport and exercise and the psychological effect derived from them
C) The study of the functioning of the human body during exercise and work
D) The subdiscipline that stresses the principles of human skilled movement generated at a behavioral level of analysis

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Clark and Whitall distinguish four historical periods of motor development. Name them in order.

A) Precursor period, normative/descriptive period, maturational period, process-oriented period
B) Precursor period, maturational period, normative/descriptive period, process-oriented period
C) Precursor period, normative/descriptive period, process-oriented period, maturational period
D) Normative/descriptive period, precursor period, maturational period, process-oriented period

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Human motor development, as a field of study, is important because it helps us to do which of the following?

A) Better understand all domains of human development
B) Diagnose motor problems in those who are developing atypically
C) Teach people to become more proficient movers.
D) All of the above

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Elements of developmental change, as described in the textbook, include which of the following components?

A) Complex
B) Qualitative
C) Realistic
D) Problematic

Question 5

Proximodistal refers to growth in the human body that proceeds how?

A) Feet toward the head
B) Head toward the feet
C) Center or midline toward the periphery of the body
D) Periphery toward the center or midline of the body

Question 6

Cephalocaudal refers to growth in the human body that proceeds how?

A) Feet toward the head
B) Head toward the feet
C) Center or midline toward the periphery of the body
D) Periphery toward the center or midline of the body

Question 7

The period of the Mountain of Motor Development that emphsizes the emergence of voluntary movement following the inhibition of reflexes is which of the following periods?

A) Reflexive period
B) Skillful period
C) Compensation period
D) Preadapted period

Question 8

According to the authors of the Mountain of Motor Development, when does the ascent up the mountain begin?

A) Long before we arrive at its base
B) In the reflexive period
C) In the fundamental patterns period
D) In the context specific period

Question 9

What is the last period on the Mountain of Motor Development?

A) Compensation period
B) Reflexive period
C) Context specific period
D) Fundamental patterns period

Question 10

According to the textbook, if developmental stages actually exist, then which of the following is true?

A) Each stage must be unique from all others
B) The order of stages must be invariant
C) The stages must be universal
D) All of the above

Question 11

An example of a product-oriented investigation is one that highlights which of the following?

A) The degree of extension around the hip joint when preparing to kick a ball
B) The role of vision in performing a kick
C) The velocity that a ball can be projected by kicking
D) The effect of a child's estimate of self-worth and its effect on kicking

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of motor development research?

A) The comparison of various types of stimuli and their effects on reaction time of college students
B) The examination of mass and distributed practice and their effects on the learning of 35-year-old subjects
C) The administration of a reaction-time test to 15-year-olds and 25-year-olds and comparing their test performances
D) The comparison of the body composition of male and female distance runners

Question 13

According to Clark and Whitall, motor development is the study of which of the following?

A) Children's movement
B) How relatively permanent changes in movement occur
C) The maturation of movement
D) Changes in motor behavior across the lifespan

Question 14

The neonatal period encompasses birth to which period?

A) 22 days of life
B) 1 week of life
C) 1 year of life
D) 2 years of life

Question 15

What is growth?

A) A change to a higher level of function
B) An increase in physical size
C) An innate change to a higher level of functioning
D) A regression or progression in physical size

Question 16

Growth that occurs as a result of change in cell size is which of the following?

A) Hyperplasia
B) Hyperextension
C) Accretion
D) Hypertrophy

Question 17

Growth that occurs as a result of change in cell number is which of the following?

A) Hyperplasia
B) Hyperextension
C) Accretion
D) Hypertrophy

Question 18

What does gross motor refer to?

A) Movements performed as a function of large muscle groups
B) Movements performed as a function of small muscle groups
C) Unusual, grotesque movements of early childhood
D) Unusual, grotesque movements of prenatal life

Question 19

What does fine motor refer to?

A) Movements performed as a function of large muscle groups
B) Movements performed as a function of small muscle groups
C) Unusual movements of early childhood
D) Unusual movements of prenatal life

Question 20

The three major domains of human development, according to Bloom, include which of the following?

A) Social, emotional, behavioral
B) Cognitive, emotional, behavioral
C) Psychological, social, mental
D) Cognitive, affective, psychomotor

Question 21

Although Bloom has identified three major educational domains of human development, the text suggests the addition of a fourth domain:

A) Growth-related
B) Health-related
C) Physical
D) Physiological

Question 22

Maturation differs from growth in that:

A) Maturation is functional and growth is structural
B) Maturation is structural and growth is functional
C) Maturation is progressive and growth is regressive
D) Maturation is regressive and growth is progressive

Question 23

The ability to coordinate left and right arms in the performance of a movement task best illustrates the concept known as __________.

A) cephalocaudal
B) proximodistal
C) differentiation
D) integration

Question 24

Which of the following is the most common indicator for the offset (end) of adolescence?

A) Achievement of sociocultural maturity
B) Achievement of maximal height
C) Reaching voting age
D) Graduating from high school

Question 25

What do the following sentences refer to :
-a process through which we pass, the changes in our ability to move and our movement in general as we proceed through the lifespan.

Question 26

What do the following sentences refer to :
-an approximation or representation of human motor development, a starting point for discussion, dissection, and even testing of human motor development.

Question 27

What do the following sentences refer to :
-a way of looking at motor development that emphasizes factors that limit, contain, or help shape movement throughout life.

Question 28

What do the following sentences refer to :
-changes that occur as we pass through life.

Question 29

What do the following sentences refer to :
-organizational changes in the function of an individual's organs and tissues that result subsequent changes in human behavior.

Question 30

What do the following sentences refer to :
-when programs are tailored to meet the needs of children rather than expecting children to adjust to the demands of the program.

Question 31

What do the following sentences refer to :
-the developmental direction of the human being from the top of the body downward.

Question 32

What do the following sentences refer to :
-the developmental direction of the human being from those points close to the body's center to the periphery.

Question 33

What do the following sentences refer to :
-a way of studying human movement in which the movement outcome is emphasized.

Question 34

What do the following sentences refer to :
-a way of studying human movement in which the movement itself is emphasized.

Question 35

According to Clark and Whitall, the first period in the history of motor development, the maturational period, was characterized by an emphasis on the study of the biological processes that were believed to shape human development.

Question 36

In a product-oriented approach to assessing human movement the focus would be placed on the outcome of the movement.

Question 37

The Skillful period is the highest level of development on the Mountain of Motor Development.

Question 38

The metaphor of a Mountain of Motor Development, according to its authors, applies to everyone, even those who experience some form of atypical development.

Question 39

Newell's Model of Motor Development was based on constraints, factors that limit, contain, or help shape motor development.

Question 40

The affective domain of human development, according to Bloom, is largely concerned with the intellectual aspects of human development.

Question 41

Maturation is an increase in physical size.

Question 42

Proximodistal refers to human development proceeding from those points close to the center of the body to those points close to the periphery.

Question 43

In humans the first 28 days following birth are referred to as the neonatal period.

Question 44

Adolescence is initiated by the onset of puberty.