Deck 25: What Should We Do to Reduce Delinquency

Question 1

Agnew and Brezina state that a strategy designed to reduce delinquency should be:

A) just and fair
B) acceptable to most people
C) within society's means
D) all of the above

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Agnew and Brezina argue for a greater emphasis on delinquency prevention/rehabilitation because:

A) delinquency is partly due to forces beyond an individual's control
B) these approaches are cost-effective
C) there is much support for these approaches
D) all of the above

Answer 2

D

Question 3

One of the first things to do when implementing a comprehensive prevention/rehabilitation program in a high-crime community is to:

A) enlist the support of community leaders
B) initiate random police crackdowns to remove high-rate offenders from area neighborhoods
C) implement Neighborhood Watch and DARE programs
D) enlist the support of residents

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Although comprehensive prevention/rehabilitation programs differ from community to community, Agnew and Brezina state that certain common features include the:

A) targeting of juveniles who are at high risk for delinquency
B) development of procedures to monitor progress of delinquent youth
C) involvement of broad segments of the community
D) development of a range of rehabilitation programs
E) all of the above

Question 5

With regard to institutionalization as a means of protecting the community, Agnew and Brezina indicate that we:

A) should increase the length of time served in institutions
B) need to build more institutions as a short-term solution
C) institutionalize more youth than is necessary
D) all of the above

Question 6

As discussed in Chapter 25, it is important to sanction juveniles for delinquent behaviors. States can increase the effectiveness of such sanctioning by:

A) increasing the certainty of punishment
B) implementing more police crackdowns
C) providing more resources for juvenile court and corrections systems
D) employing a system of graduated sanctions
E) all of the above

Question 7

Which of the following statement(s) do Agnew and Brezina argue in favor for?

A) We should hold juveniles accountable for their behavior.
B) We should protect our communities from dangerous juveniles.
C) We should place more emphasis on prevention and rehabilitation.
D) all of the above

Question 8

Data indicate that one of the reasons why juveniles engage in delinquency is low direct control. This means that juveniles:

A) are not consistently sanctioned for their delinquent acts
B) are not engaging in self-control
C) are not controlling others' actions
D) are not responsible for their lack of control

Question 9

Punishments employed often have a number of negative effects. Which of the following is one of these effects?

A) Punishment increases strain.
B) Punishment integrates juveniles into conventional society.
C) Punishment decreases social learning of crime.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 10

Which of the following statements is TRUE about the Community Assessment Center?

A) Youth are sent to the center for assessment.
B) Youth are linked with the agencies that provide the services that they need.
C) Youth are tracked over time to make sure they get the services they need.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 11

The argument that we should hold juvenile offenders accountable for their actions:

A) implies that we should not consistently sanction juveniles for their behaviors
B) has received much political and public support
C) implies that human behavior is fully determined by outside forces
D) none of the above

Question 12

How does the federal government assist communities in the efforts to implement prevention/rehabilitation programs?

A) by providing technical assistance
B) by providing information on funding sources
C) by providing some funding
D) all of the above

Question 13

Agnew and Brezina argue that we should not only increase the certainty of punishment, but we should also:

A) increase the severity of punishment
B) incapacitate juvenile offenders for a deterrent effect
C) change how we punish
D) abolish the use of incapacitation

Question 14

Community-based sanctions:

A) are more cost-effective than institutionalization
B) avoid the negative effects of institutions
C) should be employed to the extent possible
D) all of the above

Question 15

In terms of institutionalizing juveniles, data suggest that:

A) it is better to confine juveniles in small-scale institutions
B) it is better to confine juveniles in institutions that emphasize treatment
C) it is better to confine juveniles in institutions that emphasize accountability and punishment
D) both a & b

Question 16

Efforts to punish:

A) are ineffective
B) should be combined with efforts to rehabilitate
C) should be abolished
D) should be combined with efforts to deinstitutionalize

Question 17

In terms of institutionalize juveniles, data suggest we:

A) institutionalize more juveniles than necessary
B) do not institutionalize enough juveniles
C) institutionalize the right amount of juveniles
D) none of the above

Question 18

Currently, we often protect the community from dangerous offenders by:

A) institutionalizing juveniles in small facilities
B) institutionalizing juveniles in large facilities
C) institutionalizing juveniles in facilities that emphasize rehabilitation
D) institutionalizing juveniles in facilities that have many treatment options

Question 19

Some delinquency may be prevented based on an "incapacitation effect" through the use of:

A) close supervision
B) institutional confinement
C) both a & b
D) none of the above

Question 20

According to Agnew and Brezina, the juvenile justice system should employ:

A) a system of graduated sanctions
B) mandatory sentences
C) more severe sanctions
D) more statutory waivers

Question 21

Identify the two primary components of the federal government's strategy to reduce delinquency.

Question 22

Describe conditions that should be met in designing a delinquency control strategy.

Question 23

Agnew and Brezina indicate that we should put more effort into preventing individuals from becoming delinquent and reforming those who do become delinquent. Discuss the justifications the authors provide for this statement.

Question 24

Describe the steps involved in implementing a comprehensive prevention and rehabilitation program in a high-crime community.

Question 25

Identify features common to comprehensive delinquency prevention and rehabilitation strategies.

Question 26

Indicate why a delinquency reduction strategy should include the sanctioning of juvenile offenders.

Question 27

List two ways to increase the certainty of punishment for juvenile offenders.

Question 28

Choose one type of delinquency (e.g., drug use, truancy, violence) and design a delinquency reduction strategy that both incorporates prevention/rehabilitation and holds juveniles accountable for their behavior.

Question 29

Choose one type of delinquency (e.g., drug or alcohol use, gun possession, truancy, violence, theft) and design a delinquency reduction strategy that both incorporates prevention and rehabilitation and holds juveniles accountable. Specify who will be affected by your strategy, the types of programs offered, and the sanctions imposed. Clearly explain how your proposed strategy will reduce delinquency using theoretical and empirical research.

Question 30

Describe a procedure for evaluating the effectiveness of your delinquency reduction strategy. Discuss what problems might arise in both the implementation and evaluation of the strategy.

Question 31

Agnew and Brezina state that "delinquency is not simply a matter of free choice." What do the authors mean by this statement?

Question 32

How does the federal government provide assistance to communities for developing effective programs?

Question 33

Does the juvenile justice system sanction juveniles in an effective manner? Explain.

Question 34

How can we protect the community from dangerous juvenile offenders?

Question 35

How should we treat dangerous juvenile offenders? Do you think there is any hope for rehabilitating such offenders?

Question 36

Data indicate that the certainty of punishment is much more important than the severity of punishment. Why do you think that is? What are the policy implications?

Question 37

What are community-based sanctions? Provide an example. How can we implement effective community-based sanctions?

Question 38

What are graduated sanctions? Provide an example. Is there room for the use of graduated sanctions in the juvenile justice system? Explain your response.

Question 39

Agnew and Brezina argue that we should work to eliminate discrimination in the justice system. Do you believe that we are currently working toward this goal? What other steps could we be taking to reduce and eliminate discrimination?