Deck 9: What Works: Prevention

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a question that a community assessment should answer?

A) What is the immigrant status of gang members?
B) Who is involved in gang activity?
C) What is the history of gang activity?
D) What crimes do gang members commit?

Answer 1

A

Question 2

It is implied that the primary purpose of a "Community Resource Inventory" is to ______.

A) identify a community's specific risk factors
B) collect data on a community's specific risk factors
C) prevent overlap with already existing programs
D) identify prosocial resources

Answer 2

C

Question 3

A ______ implies a twofold process that includes identifying strengths and weaknesses of current programs and developing prevention and intervention programs to fill in the gaps of extant services.

A) community resource inventory
B) community assessment
C) strategic plan
D) blueprint

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following does the term "starter gang" intentionally imply?

A) Prevention work needs to focus at least in part on newly formed gangs and delinquent youth.
B) Prevention work is useless since gang activity has already started.
C) Punitive law enforcement policies should begin at this stage.
D) Gang recruiters should always be the center of intervention efforts.

Question 5

Which of the following strategies would an effort to arrest the most active and violent gang members in a community reflect in practice?

A) primary prevention
B) secondary prevention
C) intervention
D) suppression

Question 6

According to Wiebe et al. (1999), when would arrest incidence for gang-related violence be expected to be the HIGHEST?

A) 2:20 p.m. on August 3rd (a Saturday)
B) 8:45 p.m. on August 3rd (a Saturday)
C) 2:20 p.m. on May 20th (a Tuesday and a school day)
D) 8:45 p.m. on May 20th (a Tuesday and a school day)

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT an example of a "negative change in behavior" that the National Gang Center found to influence the chance that an individual would join a gang?

A) missing their 11 p.m. curfew
B) improved academic performance
C) starting to call the police "pigs" and other insulting names
D) refusing to go to basketball practice

Question 8

Gottfredson and Gottfredson's (2001) study revealed that principals of schools containing the highest rates of gang participation were generally ______ this pattern.

A) aware of
B) unaware of
C) in denial of
D) repulsed by

Question 9

Recent research suggests that bullying prevention and intervention programs should be ______.

A) racially neutral
B) gender-neutral
C) gender specific
D) racially specific

Question 10

Around what ages are critical for prevention and intervention in gang involvement?

A) early years--ages 3-6
B) middle years--ages 6-12
C) adolescence--ages 15-18
D) early adulthood--ages 18-22

Question 11

Why are schools a sensible location for gang prevention programs?

A) Principals and staff are aware of the extent of their school's gang problem.
B) Students wear gang colors and display symbols during school.
C) Risk levels can be readily assessed using widely accepted survey methods.
D) Students are likely to reveal gang involvement and affiliations to their teachers.

Question 12

Which of the following gang intervention levels is the MOST inclusive in terms of who it targets?

A) primary prevention
B) secondary prevention
C) intervention
D) suppression

Question 13

All of the following are examples of "primary prevention" programs EXCEPT ______.

A) an intensive rehabilitation program for teenagers who have been arrested for drug offenses
B) a billboard warning against the dangers of joining a gang
C) a community-wide trash pickup day
D) a charter preschool for disadvantaged children that includes programming for siblings and parents

Question 14

Which of the following program components of "Project BUILD" explicitly connects adults in the neighborhood to gang-involved youth?

A) Prevention Program
B) Intervention Program
C) Community Resource Development Program
D) Rehabilitation Program

Question 15

For very early prevention with high-risk youth, ______ is the most effective approach.

A) home visiting alone
B) home visiting and parent training
C) home visiting and youth counseling
D) youth counseling alone

Question 16

Evaluation studies on programs for high-risk youth find ______ parent's skills and children's problem behaviors.

A) an unknown relationship between
B) a null effect on
C) a positive effect between
D) a negative effect between

Question 17

Which of the following is considered the leading evidence-based program for aggressive children at risk of becoming serious and violent offenders?

A) Georgia Clayton County Model
B) SNAP Model
C) LifeSkills Training
D) SAFE Children Program

Question 18

Which of the following interventions can be initiated by a religious leader?

A) SNAP Model
B) LifeSkills Training
C) Block Therapy
D) Project BUILD

Question 19

Which of the following levels of gang intervention most aligns with social control arguments made by theoretical proponents of social disorganization theory?

A) primary prevention
B) secondary prevention
C) intervention
D) suppression

Question 20

Evidence-based programs and strategies for preventing gang involvement are important because ______.

A) there are generally no early warning signs of gang formation
B) juvenile delinquency typically comes before gang involvement
C) programs targeting delinquency and gang prevention can work on a continuum in at-risk communities
D) they can provide distinctions between bullying and gang activity

Question 21

Which of the following may be a product of bullying?

A) gang membership
B) serious delinquent behaviors
C) school dropout
D) aggression

Question 22

Which of the following are conditions that set the foundation for students feeling safe and secure in their educational environment?

A) the total school population
B) geographic proximity to their home address
C) an orderly, predictable environment
D) feeling connected to school staff and teachers

Question 23

Protective factors against gang involvement have which of the following functions?

A) removing individuals from school environments
B) insulating individuals from risk
C) reducing the negative effects of risk
D) isolating the individual from his/her context

Question 24

Which of the following is true about the effectiveness of the SNAP model?

A) It has no effect on delinquency.
B) It lowers delinquency, aggression, and bullying in the short term.
C) It is only effective for males.
D) Its effects are likely beneficial in the long-term.

Question 25

Every community that conducts a community assessment of their gang problem should use a standard definition for "gangs."

Question 26

Proximal settings--including the family and school--are the most influential to development in the early and middle childhood years.

Question 27

Bullying is unrelated to any sort of gang involvement.

Question 28

School-based anti-bullying programs have been shown to be completely ineffective.

Question 29

There is no noticeable difference in the peak time of gang activity between school days and non-school days.

Question 30

Bullying usually transpires BEFORE violent or aggressive behavior.

Question 31

Children who suffer from toxic stress are at a heightened risk of gang involvement.

Question 32

Compared with other kinds of "primary prevention" programming, the Perry Preschool is more centered on fostering positive relationships between students and school staff.

Question 33

The percentage of youth who returned to detention within a year of completing "Project BUILD" was about half the percentage of those who did not participate in the program.

Question 34

School staff and administrators typically have an accurate perception of gang problems within their schools.

Question 35

Why might children who experience "toxic" stress be more likely to join a gang?

Question 36

Why are traditional school security measures such as security guards and metal detectors not effective, in and of themselves, for addressing gang and other related problems in schools?

Question 37

How are gangs present in schools? Why are schools a good venue for gang prevention programs?