Deck 1: What Is Gender and Why Should We Care About It Introducing Gender

Question 1

The practice of reading physical and social cues in order to determine whether someone is a woman or a man is known as ______.

A) gender assignment
B) cisgender
C) cultural genitalia
D) gender attribution

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The text refers to learning the process of "seeing gender," which in this case means ______.

A) being able to identify the gender of people on the street
B) learning what body types are specifically associated with each gender
C) learning to see the invisible ways in which gender affects our lives
D) recognizing that gender is a biological attribute

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Identifying someone's race as White based on the color of their skin demonstrates the concept of ______.

A) the Thomas principle
B) the biosocial approach
C) the structural approach
D) natural selection

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Drawing upon the Thomas principle, the high rates of police violence against Black people supports the claim that ______.

A) race and gender are real categories based on biological reality
B) situations defined as real become real in their consequences
C) racist stereotypes are based on biological reality
D) people attracted to policing are inherently violent

Question 5

Analyzing the many ways in which gender is socially constructed in different societies around the world is an example of which of the following?

A) essentialist perspective
B) cross-cultural approach
C) functionalist perspective
D) feminist approach

Question 6

The theory that analyzes how the interaction of race, gender, social class, sexuality, and other identities affects our lives is referred to as ______.

A) intersexuality
B) cultural feminism
C) intersectionality
D) social constructionism

Question 7

A Christian woman who wears no head covering and assumes that a Muslim woman's head covering is oppressive demonstrates a lack of understanding of ______.

A) intersectionality
B) sex
C) gender
D) race

Question 8

Which of the following are the two key sources of evidence that are commonly used to support the social constructionist perspective?

A) historical and cross-cultural comparisons
B) nurture and nature arguments
C) biological and evolutionary arguments
D) racial and gender intersections

Question 9

The fact that 19th-century arguments about the racial inferiority of non-Whites are no longer accepted as true supports which of the following conclusions?

A) Race is an immutable biological characteristic.
B) Race can be scientifically validated through quantitative research.
C) Race is socially constructed because ideas dominant at one time in history are now rejected.
D) The civil rights movement did not change the reality of racial inequality.

Question 10

The social meaning that is assigned to biological differences between males and females is known as ______.

A) sexual dimorphism
B) gender
C) sex
D) sexual category

Question 11

The statement "Our experiences with gender vary based on historical time period and place, yet there are limitations to that experience based on the biological reality of male and female bodies" would align best with which theoretical perspective?

A) essentialist perspective
B) social construction perspective
C) biosocial perspective
D) feminist perspective

Question 12

The belief that there are two physically and genetically discrete categories of people--males and females--is defined as ______.

A) sexual dimorphism
B) intersectionality
C) gender difference
D) sexual fluidity

Question 13

A doctor's determination that a baby is a boy or a girl based on their genitalia is a process referred to as ______.

A) gender attribution
B) gender determinism
C) cultural gender
D) gender assignment

Question 14

The assumption that a person with facial hair is a man demonstrates the concept of ______.

A) cultural genitalia
B) biological genitalia
C) biological attribution
D) cultural attribution

Question 15

Which of the following areas of evidence supports a strong social constructionist approach?

A) The physical body develops independently of ideas about gender.
B) Intersex people are real evidence of sexual dimorphism.
C) Sex categories are consistent across time and place.
D) Sex is categorized differently in various cultures.

Question 16

The text discusses a study which found that Orthodox Jewish girls have developed stronger bone mass than boys because the girls are more physically active and are not expected to spend as much time studying religious texts. This example demonstrates that ______.

A) biological differences can be influenced by social reality
B) social differences can be influenced by biological reality
C) sex differences are not culturally determined
D) sex shapes gender

Question 17

People born with XX chromosomes but masculinization of genitalia have ______.

A) androgen insensitivity syndrome
B) sexual dimorphism disorder
C) androgen hypersensitivity syndrome
D) congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Question 18

The common practice of surgically altering the genitalia of babies born with ambiguous genitalia to more closely resemble male or female sex characteristics suggests the prevalence of which of the following?

A) biological determinism
B) sexual dimorphism
C) social essentialism
D) gender performance

Question 19

______ is the term used to describe people who have a wide variety of physical traits that lead to ambiguous sex categorization:

A) Nonbinary
B) Intersex
C) Androgynous
D) Pansexual

Question 20

Some intersex individuals develop hormones that give them secondary sex characteristics that are associated with a man or a woman, despite having ambiguous genitalia and sex organs. This fact demonstrates that ______.

A) sexual dimorphism is universal
B) sex hormones develop in prepubescent children
C) human variation does not fit neatly into sex categories
D) hormones and genitalia are congruent

Question 21

______ is a broad label that categorizes people who seek to expose, subvert and, in some cases, change culturally defined gender categories.

A) Pansexual
B) Transgender
C) Cisgender
D) Androgynous

Question 22

Advocates of which theoretical perspective would make the following argument, "It is culture that dictates how we see sex"?

A) essentialist perspective
B) social construction perspective
C) biosocial perspective
D) Marxist perspective

Question 23

Which approach considers intersex and transgender people an aberration that must be fit into a dimorphic system?

A) strong social constructionist
B) essentialist
C) feminist
D) biosocial

Question 24

Intersex conditions are estimated to occur at a rate of ______.

A) 1.7% of all births
B) 10% of all births
C) 35.2% of all births
D) 96.0% of all births

Question 25

The ancient Greeks' belief that the vagina and the penis were different variations of the same organ demonstrates the ______.

A) one-sex model
B) sex hierarchy model
C) biological model
D) constructionist model

Question 26

Which of the following is an example of a culture that embraces a third sex category?

A) hijra of India
B) Masai of Kenya
C) Yanomamo of Brazil
D) K'iche of Guatemala

Question 27

The existence of a third sex category among the sworn virgins of the Balkans and kathoeys of Thailand supports the claim that ______.

A) Sexual dimorphism is universal.
B) Different societies construct different kinds of sex categories.
C) Sex categories are biologically determined.
D) Sexual meanings influence our notion of culture.

Question 28

Which of the following is an example of a social constructionist argument?

A) Male and female categories accurately represent the reality of physical bodies.
B) Cultural beliefs about bodies are reflective of biological variation.
C) Biological sex categories are binary.
D) Social ideas about sex categories prevent society from seeing actual biological reality.

Question 29

______ is the term used to identify people whose sex category and gender identity align.

A) Transgender
B) Intersex
C) Cisgender
D) Demisexual

Question 30

Gender assignment is the process of reading physical and social cues to decide whether someone is a man or a woman.

Question 31

Trying to determine whether the person walking down the street is a man or a woman demonstrates the process of "seeing" gender.

Question 32

Intersectionality refers to people who are intersex.

Question 33

Social constructionists believe that sex and gender can change across time and across cultures.

Question 34

People who contradict prevailing social ideas about gender are referred to as transgender.

Question 35

Historical variations in gender (i.e., diverse views and practices of gender over time) are one source of evidence used to support the social constructionist perspective.

Question 36

According to the biosocial approach, both sex and gender are socially constructed.

Question 37

The terms intersex and transgender can be used interchangeably to refer to the same group of people.

Question 38

The biosocial approach asserts that gender is constantly changing depending on time and place.

Question 39

The text generally embraces a biosocial perspective on gender and asserts that contemporary gender differences are a product of biological processes.

Question 40

The finding that differences in bone mass between Orthodox Jewish boys and girls are attributed to differences in social behavior supports the social constructionist approach to gender.

Question 41

Transgender is a term that refers to individuals who are sexually attracted to the opposite sex.

Question 42

Define social constructionism, and discuss one historical or cross-cultural variation in gender that exemplifies the social constructionist approach.

Question 43

Compare and contrast the biosocial approach and strong social constructionist approach to gender. What are their key similarities and differences?

Question 44

Define sexual dimorphism. How is this concept central to the biosocial approach? How have social constructionists challenged sexual dimorphism?

Question 45

What does the term "intersex" mean? How do intersex individuals pose a challenge to conventional beliefs about sex and gender?

Question 46

Analyze and explain the statement "our social beliefs can have a crucial impact on bodies." Which approach is supported by this claim?

Question 47

Discuss the difference between transgender and intersex. How do these categorizations respectively support the social constructionist approach?