Deck 6: Police Work: Operations and Functions

Question 1

All of the following govern the way police officers approach their job EXCEPT for ______.

A) union regulations
B) local ordinances
C) state statutes, court decisions, and mandates
D) federal statutes, court decisions, and mandates

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Ordinances govern police operations at the ______ level.

A) municipal
B) state
C) federal
D) tribal

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following was identified as a near future challenge for police departments?

A) police militarization
B) technological change
C) local and transnational criminal behavior
D) shifts in the practice of community policing

Answer 3

C

Question 4

All of the following are considered basic functions of police EXCEPT for ______.

A) order maintenance
B) public relations
C) crime prevention
D) law enforcement

Question 5

Police spend the least amount of time on which of the following?

A) serious crime
B) taking statements
C) attending court
D) traffic

Question 6

Patrol officers' responsibilities in large municipal police departments include all of the following EXCEPT for ______.

A) traffic enforcement
B) narcotics investigation
C) dispatching
D) forensics

Question 7

All of the following were identified as police functions that are common in police agencies EXCEPT for ______.

A) preservation of public peace
B) prevention of crime
C) detection and arrest of those breaking the law
D) making judicial decisions regarding cases

Question 8

______ describes the police maintaining the status quo by using interventions with short-term effects to keep society stable and functioning by acceptable rules.

A) Law enforcement
B) Performance measures
C) Order maintenance
D) Preventive patrol

Question 9

______ policing is associated with enforcing the letter of the law and using little to no discretion in considering situational or contextual elements in infractions of the law.

A) Zero tolerance
B) Community
C) Targeted
D) Grassroots

Question 10

Fighting against minor indicators of neighborhood decay and disorder, such as graffiti and litter, are strategies of those who buy in to which theory?

A) graffiti
B) broken windows
C) litter
D) conspiracy

Question 11

According to broken windows theorists, police should direct their focus to ______.

A) the basic police functions
B) order maintenance
C) criminological theory
D) physical skills and agility

Question 12

Zero tolerance policing was adopted in the ______.

A) 1960s
B) 1970s
C) 1980s
D) 1990s

Question 13

Critics of broken windows policing have argued that it leads to all of the following EXCEPT for ______.

A) mass stop-and-frisks
B) repeated arrests of minor misdemeanants
C) mass searches of housing projects
D) a decrease in violent crime

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a rationalization for police involvement in the lives of the homeless?

A) They are human.
B) They are a danger to themselves.
C) They create an appearance of community neglect.
D) They have a negative impact on businesses.

Question 15

Crisis Intervention Training (CIT) is an approach that gives officers ______ hours of specialized training on de-escalation techniques and education on mental illness.

A) 15
B) 25
C) 40
D) 55

Question 16

Investigations are typically carried out by ______.

A) patrol officers
B) dispatch personnel
C) detectives
D) police chiefs

Question 17

All of the following were identified as goals of investigations EXCEPT for ______.

A) identifying the suspect
B) locating the suspect
C) sentencing the suspect
D) arresting the suspect

Question 18

All of the following were identified as duties and responsibilities associated with an investigation EXCEPT for ______.

A) interrogating suspects
B) testifying
C) submitting parole recommendations
D) searching the crime scene

Question 19

Often the single most important determinant of whether a case will be solved is ______.

A) the information a victim provides to the responding officer
B) the evidence at the crime scene
C) the interrogation of suspects
D) the retrieval of stolen property

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true about the relationship between DNA technology and television shows such as CSI?

A) CSI viewers often hold unrealistic expectations of the ability to convict criminals based on scientific evidence alone.
B) The advent of television shows such as CSI could be attributed to the increased use of crime lab analysis of evidence from crime scenes.
C) DNA is approximately half as likely as fingerprints to result in the identification of a suspect.
D) all of these

Question 21

The ______ style of policing involves the principal function as order maintenance rather than law enforcement in cases that do not involve serious crime.

A) legalistic
B) watchman
C) service
D) executive

Question 22

James Q. Wilson identified all of the following types of policing EXCEPT for ______.

A) legalistic
B) watchman
C) service
D) executive

Question 23

Which of the following statements is true of the watchman style of policing?

A) Police officers are encouraged to follow the path of least resistance in carrying out their daily duties.
B) Police officers are encouraged to handle commonplace situations as if they were matters of law enforcement.
C) Police officers frequently issue traffic tickets and are under pressure to produce arrests and tickets.
D) Police officers are required to intervene frequently, but not formally.

Question 24

The watchman style of policing is common in departments with ______.

A) high-level educational requirements
B) relatively low wages
C) considerable on-the-job training
D) few formal policies

Question 25

______ policing is associated with production as measured in arrests and tickets written.

A) Legalistic
B) Watchman
C) Service
D) Executive

Question 26

In the legalistic style of policing, administrators prefer ______.

A) lower-class officers with low levels of education
B) middle-class officers with high school educations
C) middle-class officers with higher education experience
D) upper-class officers with graduate degrees

Question 27

Which police operational style depicts officers as more service oriented and valuing individual rights?

A) enforcer
B) idealist
C) realist
D) optimist

Question 28

Which organizational style of policing appears to represent the current trend?

A) service
B) watchman
C) legalistic
D) realistic

Question 29

Which of the following police personality types would be most likely to support body cameras worn by all police officers?

A) optimist
B) enforcer
C) realist
D) idealist

Question 30

The ______ style of policing values higher education.

A) service
B) watchman
C) legalistic
D) realistic

Question 31

______ are concerned with the enforcement of laws versus protection of individual rights.

A) Optimists
B) Enforcers
C) Realists
D) Idealists

Question 32

Police patrol staffing has three performance areas that include all of the following EXCEPT for ______.

A) crime reduction
B) visibility
C) professionalism
D) political accountability

Question 33

The ______ involves little more than an educated guess and is often based on tradition, such as personnel numbers from previous years.

A) comparative approach
B) intuitive approach
C) workload analysis approach
D) side-by-side approach

Question 34

Which of the following cities was noted in the text for having the worst citizen-to-officer ratios in the country?

A) Detroit, MI
B) New York, NY
C) Los Angeles, CA
D) Tampa, FL

Question 35

There are a variety of ways to determine the appropriate number of police officers needed in any jurisdiction. Which approach involves comparing one or more cities using the ratio of police to population?

A) workload analysis
B) similarities approach
C) side-by-side approach
D) comparative approach

Question 36

The workload analysis approach to determining the number of patrol officers needed in a jurisdiction includes all of the following EXCEPT for ______.

A) documenting the total amount of patrol workload that occurs
B) determining how many patrol officers are needed on different days of the week
C) determining how many cars, bikes, motorcycles, and dogs will be efficient
D) determining how many patrol officers are needed at different times of the day

Question 37

Which of the following scenarios would be best suited for mounted patrol?

A) Preventive patrol along a lakeshore running path
B) Crowd surveillance across a densely populated park area full of music festival attendees that spans several acres
C) Crowd management through a closed city street which houses several bars during a festival weekend
D) Assisting gate security at a motor speedway

Question 38

Which of the following is true about foot patrol?

A) Foot patrol does not work well where there are large concentrations of citizens on foot.
B) Directed foot patrol is the least popular form of foot patrol.
C) It is effective only when used in collaboration with mounted officers.
D) It was the original form of patrol.

Question 39

Which of the following is true about mounted patrol?

A) It was estimated in the Chicago Police Department that one mounted police officer has the effect of 10-20 police officers on foot.
B) With the increasing use of bicycles, mounted patrols are also increasing.
C) Mounted patrols are not involved in crime prevention, community interaction, and crowd control.
D) Mounted patrols are effective only in areas where citizens are used to seeing horses.

Question 40

______ are crimes that the police officer actually observes while on patrol.

A) On-view crimes
B) Off-view crimes
C) Unreported crimes
D) Reported crimes

Question 41

The Kansas City preventive patrol experiment revealed that ______.

A) police response times were much lower in areas where preventive patrol was increased
B) citizen satisfaction was much higher in areas where preventive patrol was increased
C) officers spent an enormous amount of time waiting for a call for service
D) citizens reported feeling less fearful of crime in areas where preventive patrol was increased

Question 42

A reexamination from data collected in a 1991 study reported that approximately ______ of a police officer's shift is unassigned time.

A) 47%
B) 33%
C) 50%
D) 67%

Question 43

Reactive policing is also known as ______ policing.

A) targeted
B) hot spot
C) 911
D) grassroots

Question 44

Which of the following would NOT be described as a "soft measure" of officer performance?

A) citizen satisfaction with the officer
B) problem-solving skills of the officer
C) order-maintenance skills of the officer
D) the number of field reports written

Question 45

Which of the following would be an example of a hard measure of officer performance?

A) citizen satisfaction with the officer
B) problem-solving skills of the officer
C) order-maintenance skills of the officer
D) the number of field reports written

Question 46

Hard performance measures can be expressed as all of the following EXCEPT for ______.

A) numbers
B) rates
C) attitudes
D) ratios

Question 47

Which of the following statements is true of soft measures?

A) They are quantitative.
B) They are expressed numerically.
C) They are difficult to assess.
D) They are based on inputs.

Question 48

According to the National Institute of Justice (2009), "episodes where police engage in excessive use of force" have been ______.

A) well publicized in the media
B) overreported by witnesses
C) mostly fictitious
D) none of these

Question 49

Some police agencies appoint a ______ to represent the agency in all contacts with the media.

A) FTO
B) PIO
C) PTO
D) director of media relations

Question 50

Which major national event became a model for police departments to follow in times of crisis in keeping the public informed directly via social media without the intervention of media outlets?

A) the Boston Marathon bombing in April 2013
B) the Pulse nightclub shooting in Orlando, Florida, in June 2016
C) the shooting at the Las Vegas Harvest music festival in October 2017
D) the shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in February 2018

Question 51

Order maintenance is considered the same thing as law enforcement.

Question 52

The order-maintenance style of policing has been correlated with zero tolerance policies and practices.

Question 53

Since the early 1980s, studies have consistently supported broken windows theory.

Question 54

The detection and arrest of those breaking the law is considered to be one of the most common police functions.

Question 55

The categories of police intervention techniques are finite and mutually exclusive.

Question 56

The distinction between law enforcement and order maintenance for certain activities is not always clear.

Question 57

The broken windows theory is a metaphor for neighborhood social disorder, which leads to more criminal activity.

Question 58

There are mixed reactions regarding the perceived effectiveness of broken windows and zero tolerance policing.

Question 59

Police have come into contact with the mentally ill much more in recent decades since many mental institutions have closed their doors.

Question 60

It is now necessary and commonplace for police officers to receive specialized training on dealing with mental illness.

Question 61

There are almost as many personnel working in investigations as in patrol in any given police agency.

Question 62

The single most important determinant of whether a case will be solved is the information a victim provides to the responding patrol officer.

Question 63

Fingerprints are more likely than DNA evidence to result in the identification of a suspect in a crime.

Question 64

The service style of policing encourages officers to follow the path of least resistance when dealing with cases that do not involve serious crimes.

Question 65

The legalistic style of policing focuses on an order maintenance style.

Question 66

Under the legalistic style of policing, officers frequently issue traffic tickets, detain and arrest juveniles, and arrest for misdemeanors.

Question 67

The realist style of policing doesn't focus on the enforcement of laws.

Question 68

The legalistic style is most associated with officers being under pressure to meet ticket "quotas" as a measure of effectiveness.

Question 69

When you compare one or more cities using a ratio of police officers to the population in order to determine the appropriate amount of patrol officers to patrol your city, you are using the comparative approach.

Question 70

Workload analysis consists of an elaborate information system that uses defined levels of police performance to compute the number of appropriate police personnel.

Question 71

Bike patrol was the original form of patrol.

Question 72

Bicycle patrols do not require additional training and special equipment.

Question 73

Air patrols are usually employed at parades and sporting events.

Question 74

Given the widespread dissemination of the results of the Kansas City preventive patrol experiment, virtually all police agencies have taken the findings from it into consideration when allocating patrol resources.

Question 75

The Kansas City experiment indicated that routine preventive patrol has a highly measurable influence on fear of crime and the incidence of crime.

Question 76

Random preventive patrol is a way of doing police work that allows police officers to control their territories.

Question 77

The best way to assess citizen fear of crime would be through what are described as soft measures, or qualitative attributes.

Question 78

A hard measure of police performance is an indisputable and comprehensive assessment of an officer's effectiveness on the job.

Question 79

It is more difficult to assess qualitative measures of policing than it is the quantitative measures.

Question 80

Performance measures do not influence an employee's daily activities.