Deck 12: Effect of Media on Community and Everyday Culture

Question 1

Cultivation analysis's four-step process to measure the impact of television on the culture includes message system analysis, which is _________.

A) examining official government statistics
B) surveying heavy television consumers
C) a detailed content analysis of television programming
D) interviews with program producers

Answer 1

C

Question 2

According to George Gerbner, the view of the social world cultivated by prime-time television programming is ______.

A) an accurate, detailed depiction of the way things are
B) highly misleading and designed to maintain certain elite groups in power
C) an inaccurate depiction that overemphasizes crime and violence
D) something that we all come to accept no matter how little television we view ourselves

Answer 2

C

Question 3

______ argues that there are important benefits, such as trust, cooperation, and reciprocity, that flow from involvement in various social networks.

A) Social capital theory
B) Cultivation analysis
C) Mass society theory
D) Communitarianism

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Communities unserved by local media are referred to as ___________.

A) black holes
B) waystations
C) news deserts
D) outliers

Question 5

At what age do people typically become media literate?

A) At no specific age; we educate ourselves about it and practice it.
B) 13-16 years old.
C) 17 to 20 years old.
D) Over 20 years old.

Question 6

According to cultivation researchers, because of television's accessibility and availability, it has become the chief creator of "synthetic cultural patterns for the most heterogeneous mass publics in history, including large groups that have never shared in any common public message systems." As such, they say it is ______.

A) the central cultural arm of American society
B) a legitimate target for strict regulation
C) The most efficient mechanism to advertise products
D) The basis of all other media's content

Question 7

Cultivation researchers argue that television's major cultural function is to stabilize social patterns and to cultivate resistance to change. As such, it is fair to label Cultivation Analysis a __________ theory.

A) normative
B) critical
C) regenerative
D) interpretive

Question 8

Cultivation primarily occurs in two ways. One, ______, describes the process whereby, especially for heavier viewers, television's symbols monopolize and dominate other sources of information and ideas about the world.

A) mainstreaming
B) resonance
C) mean-world
D) attitude shaping

Question 9

Cultivation primarily occurs in two ways. One, _____, describes the process whereby viewers see things on television that are most congruent with their own everyday realities.

A) mainstreaming
B) resonance
C) mean-world
D) attitude shaping

Question 10

Cultivation analysis differentiates between first-order and second-order cultivation effects. Which description best describes first-order cultivation effects?

A) Viewers' attitudes and beliefs that are formed as a result of probability judgments they make about the world.
B) Those judgements that spring to mind first when away from the screen.
C) Judgments about real-world violence that overwhelm other considerations.
D) Viewers' estimates of the occurrence of some phenomenon.

Question 11

Cultivation analysis differentiates between first-order and second-order cultivation effects. Which description best describes second-order cultivation effects?

A) Viewers' attitudes and beliefs that are formed as a result of probability judgments they make about the world.
B) Those judgements that spring to mind first when away from the screen.
C) Judgments about real-world violence that overwhelm other considerations.
D) Viewers' estimates of the occurrence of some phenomenon.

Question 12

__________ are efforts to reduce harmful effects of the media by informing the audience about one or more aspects of the media, thereby influencing media-related beliefs and attitudes, and ultimately preventing risky behaviors.

A) Content analyses
B) Counter-mainstreaming interventions
C) Literacy training interventions
D) Media literacy interventions

Question 13

Among the several parental mediation media literacy interventions is _______, talking with children about television content.

A) active mediation
B) restrictive mediation
C) co-viewing
D) participatory learning

Question 14

Media literacy researchers have identified several actions parents can take to regulate children's exposure to technology. Among them is __________, conversations or discussions between parents and children about the technologies, their content, and dangers and benefits.

A) participatory activities
B) diversionary activities
C) discursive activities
D) investigative activities

Question 15

Most Americans know all or most of their neighbors.

Question 16

Social capital theorists frequently cite the findings from news production research to support their positions.

Question 17

The annual content analysis of a sample week of network television prime-time fare designed to demonstrate, from season to season, how much violence was present in that programming is called the Cultivation Index.

Question 18

Cultivation research has demonstrated that the observable, measurable, independent contributions of television to the culture are relatively small.

Question 19

Discursive activities are parents' intentional efforts to direct their children away from the technologies themselves, perhaps by encouraging them to go outside, play sports, join clubs, or other healthier or beneficial activities.

Question 20

Parents' enabling mediation combines safety efforts for more Internet-skilled kids and restrictive mediation for those less skilled.

Question 21

Resonance is people's tendency to accept information that confirms their beliefs and dismiss information that does not.

Question 22

Cultivation analysis's 3-Bs of television are blurring, bending, and blending.

Question 23

Despite its ongoing value to the discipline, Cultivation Analysis remains a TV violence-specific theory with little to say about the effects of other forms of content.

Question 24

Yes, there may be a lot of fake news on the Internet, but few users are fooled into believing it and passing it on.

Question 25

One purpose of media literacy is to give us more control over interpretations.

Question 26

Media literacy is a condition or a category. A person is either media literate or not.

Question 27

Once social capital is created, it becomes a resource that prevents future social misunderstanding from arising and it can be drawn upon to bring about understanding when social conflict does occur.

Question 28

The Violence Index demonstrated that year-to-year, the amount of violence on network TV continued to decline, most likely because of growing parental dissatisfaction.

Question 29

Cultivation researchers believe that television is essentially and fundamentally different from other forms of mass media.