Deck 8: Theories of Media and Human Development

Question 1

Research indicates that regularly viewing of television portrayals of highly attractive persons can lead to ____.

A) greater enjoyment of TV programs
B) greater satisfaction with one's self
C) greater dissatisfaction with one's body
D) a clearer and more accurate view of one's body

Answer 1

C

Question 2

It is likely that regular viewing of advertising by children will ____.

A) decrease interest in alcohol
B) decrease their weight
C) increase preference for high-calorie and low-nutrient foods
D) Make them more appreciative of their parents

Answer 2

C

Question 3

_________ occurs when children's value as consumers trumps their value as people, threatening their physical, psychological, social, emotional, and spiritual development.

A) Adultification
B) Reinforcement
C) Objectification
D) Kinderculture

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Shirley Steinberg contends that the writers of children's and adolescent's "cultural curriculum" are not educational agencies but rather commercial concerns that operate not for the social good but for individual gain, leading to __________, the corporate construction of childhood.

A) adultification
B) reinforcement
C) objectification
D) kinderculture

Question 5

One potentially negative effect of our over-reliance on our smartphones is that their mere presence, even if we're not using them, reduces our available cognitive capacity, a phenomenon researchers call____.

A) nomophobia
B) the brain drain hypothesis
C) neural plasticity
D) fear of missing out (FOMO)

Question 6

There is evidence that the simole lack of easy access to a smartphone can create a negative feeling in users that can be relieved only through reconnection with their beloved device, a phenomenon researchers call____.

A) nomophobia
B) the brain drain hypothesis
C) neural plasticity
D) fear of missing out (FOMO)

Question 7

The social skills model of problematic SNS use argues that ______.

A) effective social media use is a learned skill
B) some people are simply better at communication online than are others
C) users who prefer communication with others face-to-face are at greater risk of succumbing to addiction
D) users who prefer communication with others online are at greater risk of succumbing to addiction

Question 8

You go to Facebook expecting to pass an enjoyable few minutes before class, but what you encounter there just makes you unhappy. You have experienced ______.

A) fear of missing out (FOMO)
B) nomophobia
C) brain drain
D) affective forecasting error

Question 9

_______ is the idea that people, in order to satisfy their need to evaluate their own opinions and abilities and to reduce uncertainties they may have about themselves, make comparative judgments of various aspects of the lives and experiences of those around themselves.

A) Media primacy theory
B) Social comparison theory
C) Fear of missing out (FOMO)
D) Transactive memory

Question 10

Superpeer theory states that __________.

A) kids spend so much time with media they have fewer friends
B) friends will always be kids' most important peers
C) parents will ultimately be children's "superpeer"
D) media are like powerful best friends in sometimes making risky behaviors seem like normative behavior

Question 11

Children achieve ______ when they understand that mental states are representational, can be private, and can change and differ across individuals.

A) Theory of Mind
B) maturity
C) self-complexity
D) Scope of Self

Question 12

The idea that young people learn about sex through snippets of information they collect from a variety of sources from which they piece together memory structures that shape their attitudes, expectations, and behaviors surrounding sex is __________.

A) Theory of Mind
B) objectification
C) scripting theory
D) adultification

Question 13

There is no clear research evidence that exposure to thinness depicting and promoting media leads to distorted body-image perception in school-age females and college women.

Question 14

Objectification theory springs from drawn from feminist critical theory.

Question 15

Children near 7 or 8 years old can distinguish between commercials and other content and they understand the commercials' selling intent.

Question 16

The concept of the "early window" suggests that children encounter the world through television before they are developmentally capable of competently interacting with it.

Question 17

The U.S. government is a global leader in protecting children from potentially harmful effects of advertising.

Question 18

Eight- to eighteen-year-olds spend more time with media than in any other activity besides (maybe) sleeping.

Question 19

Preschool children who have a television in the bedroom and are exposed to higher levels of background television tend to more quickly develop Theory of Mind.

Question 20

Self-complexity is the ability to see oneself as having different self-concepts across different situations.

Question 21

Researcher Kristen Harrison discovered declines in adolescents' self-complexity occurred at about 40 hours of TV viewing per week.

Question 22

Critics argue that advertising to children is inherently deceptive because young children do not have the cognitive capacity to discern what is and is not true in that advertising.

Question 23

Subjective well-being involves both how people feel about themselves in the moment and how satisfied they are, in general, with their own lives.

Question 24

Because people tend to post the best aspects of themselves and their experiences on social networking sites, most user social comparison is typically downward.

Question 25

Because self-complexity develops as young people encounter different situations, relationships, and social roles, and they do so in large part through interaction with television, increased viewing leads to increased self-complexity.

Question 26

Relatively few youthful smartphone users say that they spend too much time on their devices.

Question 27

Research indicates that passive social network use leads to lower levels of subjective well-being and active use boosts levels.